[a习作temp] argument28 贴今天写的第一篇 [复制链接]

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电梯直达

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发表于 2004-12-19 18:13:12 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览

打算重新再考，今天写的第一篇
大家帮忙看看，thanx a lot
28The following is a memo from the superintendent of the Mylar school district.
'A recent six-month study, in which breakfast was made available at school for 100 schoolchildren ages five to twelve, found that children on the breakfast plan were less likely than other children to be absent from or late for school. Clearly, eating breakfast before school plays a role in reducing student absenteeism and tardiness. It is also well known that children who regularly eat a healthful breakfast tend to perform better in school. Therefore, in order to reduce absenteeism and tardiness and to improve academic performance in all of Mylar's elementary and secondary schools, we should provide breakfasts for all students before each school day.'

In this argument, the arguer draws the conclusion that Mylar's elementary and secondary schools should provide breakfasts for all students in order to reduce abstenteeism and improve performance.  To substantiate it, the arguer provide a study to show students tend to go to school on time and perform well with breakfast at shool.  While this argument seems somewhat specific and plausible at first glace, close respection would reveal how groundless the conclusion is.

First of all,  the arguer fails to convince us it is the breakfast at school that make students not be late for or absent from school from the recent six-month study.  Since the sampler in the study is only 100 schoolchildren ages five to twelve,  it is too vague for us to believe that all students in elementary and secondary schools get to school on time because of the breakfast.  It is entirely possible that students sampled for the study are so disciplined and punctured that they never go to school late no matter whether the school provides breakfast or not.  Additionally, from the study quoted in this argument, we find no sign of such procedures for random sampling and have good reason to doubt if the sample if representative enough to reflect the general reflect to the breakfast at school.  Unless the arguer could provide more thorough investigation and guarantee us that breakfast is the only reason for the whole students to go to school punturedly, the conclusion is unfounded.

In addition,  there is no evidence to show that having breakfast at school will improve academic performance.  The arguer assumes that children who regularly eat a healthful breakfast tend to perform better in school, but he does not provide any specific evidence, nation-wide data or opnions from dietetical experts to show the casual relationship between the two things.  Granted that it might be true that regularly heathful breakfast result in good performance at school, it does not necessarily mean that students will definitely improve academic performance simply by eating breakfast at school.  As we all know, academic performance is not only related to good nutrition but also associated with many factors such as IQ, diligence etc.

Last buy not least,  the feasibility of letting all students having breakfast at school each day is quite open to doubt.  Since not all students enjoy eating at school, and perhaps, some parents have the time to prepare nutritional and heathy breakfast in the morning at home.  Since some students who eat breakfast at home can still reach school on time, there is no necessity to demand all students to have breakfast at school.  Besides, no evidence is provided to demonstrate that school’s breakfast is much heathier and more nutritional than breakfast at home or other restaurants, maybe the breakfast at school is just flavorless and unheathy at all, thus we have good reason to doubt the results of eating breakfast at school.  Without guarantee of good quality and heathy diet, it is presumptuous and irresponsible for the arguer to recommend that the school should provide breakfast for all students before each school day.

To sum up, the argument is neither logically sound or persuasive because evidence provided does not confirm any causal relationship between eating breakfast at school and good performance.  To better bolster this argumentation, the arguer needs to gurantee us having breakfast at school would surely reduce lateness and absenteeism and improve academic performance, besides, there are more benefits than disadvantages for all the students to join this breakfast-programme.  Only with more convincing evidence could this argument become more than just an emotional appeal.

Words:597
Time:40min