issue217 改了又改，头大！大家看看跑题否？

haiyaUID: 187989

217"In order to produce successful original work, scholars and scientists must first study the successful work of others to learn what contributions remain to be made."

Original: a work composed firsthand.

-----syllabus------
In order to learn what contributions remain be made,
1.  learn successful work.
a)  outside the successful work:prevent repeat the previous work. Example: Genetics & Mendel
b)  inside the successful work :find the flaw of successful work. Example: Quantum Mechanism & Bohr
2.  learn relative work
a)  amounts of useful data connotate the hopeful birth of new ideas. Example: Ramsay+Rayleigh & Argon

-----composition----
In the realm of science, the originality of the work has been put much emphasis on. Successful original work has more influence on the development of a certain academic discipline and even boosts the thriving of a society. Therefore, more and more scholars dedicate themselves to produce successful original work. To search for a platform on which the original idea form, it may be useful to study the successful work of others firstly. But it is not always the whole of the facts.
       
On the one hand, research is a gradual and accumulative process. To study the successful work, they might prevent following the same old road which the predecessors have walked on and finished in order to work out new ideas efficiently. Take the Genetics, which was founded by Mendel, as an example. Three scientists simultaneously constructed the similar theory about the Genetics by their own endeavor. Unfortunately, when they started out writing the essays to publish their accomplishment, they found their discoveries unoriginal and existing for 35 years in fact. It was Mendel who put forth somewhat similar genetic principles but only gain the silence from the public in his times. He had spent 8 years in researching the characteristic of the generations of peas. Common sense tells us that much time and money are required to be contributed on the research. If the three scientists had studied the successful work of Mendel, the situation had been prevented. Further, according to their talent to advocate these ideas without looking up the Mendel's theorem, they might had worked out other more significant original works under the condition of the same amount of time and money.

Additionally, the boundary of the place where the successful originality comes into being is not always delimited by the successful work. Some successful work itself also has flaws. As the exploration or addition of these theorems, original work forms. Back into the history, the Quantum Mechanism advocated by Bohr challenged the Classical Mechanism in the realm of microscopical world. The source of the new Mechanism was from the limit of Classic Mechanism in explaining the microscopic phenomenon. Hence, on the basis of successful research, the successful original work can also bring evolution to approaches and ways to see the world.

On the other hand, the relative work which may be not successful and provide amounts of data should also be read first. It may be the cradle for a new-born theorem. The large amount of data stimulate the creativity and inspiration of the scholars and scientists and give us the connotation where the new theory hopefully arise. In the process of discovering the element “argon”, Ramsay gave birth of this element by the inspiration from the repetitive but same experiment data of Rayleigh. It seems that Ramsay saved two years to get these data and eventually win the Nobel Prize due to this discovery. Thus, for a wise researcher, he should not only pay his attention to “ what has existed” but also to “ what the advantage of this existence are”.

Admittedly, in the initial period of some fundamental discipline, the appearance of classical theorem depended more on intelligence and experience of the scholars and scientists themselves. Nowadays, with the mature of the major academic discipline, it is hard to create some original ideas which don’t overlap with the previous theorem without know their existence first.

To sum up, it is advisable and efficient for scholars and scientists to first study the relative work of others, whether it is successful or not. The relative work will guide the scientists and scholars to plant flowers of knowledge on the uncultivated soil and supply them with some nutrition for the flowers to thrive, and ultimately make them to harvest the fruits.   

-------others------
1.初稿：48分钟，502 字
  改了大概两个小时，感觉好难写。不停得推翻一些想法，重新认识题目，找切入口。
2.有几个疑问。我把这个题目放在科学里讲是否合适？因为题目里有scholar和scientist两个对象，我查了wb，但还是不确定。Scholar包不包括artist呢？
3.我的文章肯定的前提是，to find what contribution remain to be made can help produce the original work efficiently. （我并没有否定不find也可以,觉得这个也是可以切入的点）
所以我在写题时以是否一定要读successful work to find what contribution remain to be made.
4.我觉得有几处都是可以作为切入口的，但是切如口太多，反而显得乱。。。。大家觉得呢？

amdinside2050UID: 178752

1、scholar这个词含义很广，我认为可以把它和sciecntists当成并列关系，无伤大雅
2 、我觉得what contribution remain to be made 可以理解成：哪些领域还可以取得新的突破，同时是否也暗含了前人的研究仍然具有贡献（可供挖掘，补充，也是original work 的一种）？
写的不错啦~~觉得很有条理

pherUID: 192036

In the realm of science, the originality of the work has been put much emphasis on. Successful original work has more influence on the development of a certain academic discipline and even boosts the thriving of a society. Therefore, more and more scholars dedicate themselves to produce successful original work. To search for a platform on which the original idea form, it may be useful to study the successful work of others firstly. But it is not always the whole of the facts
.（首段表达自己的观点很不清晰，或者说表述的很不好。
其实题目的立场很明显，它就是讲学者们必须先研究已有的成功先例，看看还有没有未被研究出的东西，来决定自己是否有必要做下去。至于其中的一些词，我觉得其实出题人并没有强调，只是为了保证句意的完整性。比如original work，它的意思我觉得实际上就是很平常的说要做出些自己的成果，因为后半句提到参考别人的先例，有两种结果：一是做出和别人一样的，二是做出不一样的成果，也就是original work，而出题人强调的结果是第二种结果，所以前面特地补充了original这个词；再比如scholar这个词，我认为在地位上完全和scientists等同，要说不同，我认为scholars可能更偏重文科的学者一点，所以最好能在后面的例子中出现一个文科/社会科学的例子:)三是我认为successful不是个重要的词，但作者把文章的所有重点都落在successful这个词上，却没有去阐述study successful work这个行为和你的立论的关系。当然，前提是若我写这篇作为，我的观点是赞同题目的statement，我认为题目的重点是后半句，尤其是first这个词）


On the one hand, research is a gradual and accumulative process. To study the successful work, they might prevent following the same old road which the predecessors have walked on and finished in order to work out new ideas efficiently. （这个句子太长了，我觉得不够有力） Take the Genetics, （用Traditional Genetics吧:)，这个和当今所指的Genetics已经有很大差距了） which was founded by Mendel, as an example. Three scientists simultaneously constructed the similar theory about the Genetics by their own endeavor. Unfortunately, when they started out writing the essays to publish their accomplishment, they found their discoveries unoriginal and existing for 35 years in fact. It was Mendel who put forth somewhat similar genetic principles but only gain the silence from the public in his times. He had spent 8 years in researching the characteristic of the generations of peas. Common sense tells us that much time and money are required to be contributed on the research. If the three scientists had studied the successful work of Mendel, the situation had been prevented. Further, according to their talent to advocate these ideas without looking up the Mendel's theorem, they might had worked out other more significant original works under the condition of the same amount of time and money. （你看，一个if，这个例子直接就没有力气来证明你的观点了...）
（其实，若论点赞成题干，这个例子是非常好，无比好的，用来做为不study别人的work从而自己很受伤的反面教材再好不过了）

Additionally, the boundary of the place where the successful originality comes into being is not always delimited by the successful work. Some successful work itself also has flaws. As the exploration or addition of these theorems, original work forms. Back into the history, the Quantum Mechanism advocated by Bohr challenged the Classical Mechanism in the realm of microscopical world. The source of the new Mechanism was from the limit of Classic Mechanism in explaining the microscopic phenomenon. Hence, on the basis of successful research, the successful original work can also bring evolution to approaches and ways to see the world.

On the other hand, the relative work which may be not successful and （这个地方似乎是转折关系，and用得不妥）provide amounts of data should also be read first. It may be the cradle for a new-born theorem. The large amount of data stimulate the creativity and inspiration of the scholars and scientists and give us the connotation where the new theory hopefully arise. In the process of discovering the element “argon”, Ramsay gave birth of this element（前面已经有discover，指发现，这里不能用give birth啦） by the inspiration from the repetitive but same experiment data of Rayleigh. It seems that Ramsay saved two years to get these data and eventually win the Nobel Prize due to this discovery. Thus, for a wise researcher, he should not only pay his attention to “ what has existed” but also to “ what the advantage of this existence are”.
（我问一句，你怎知Rayleigh的work是不successful的？只是他们两人succeed的东西不同罢了）

Admittedly, in the initial period of some fundamental discipline, the appearance of classical theorem depended more on intelligence and experience of the scholars and scientists themselves. Nowadays, with the mature of the major academic discipline, it is hard to create some original ideas which don’t overlap with the previous theorem without know their existence first.

To sum up, it is advisable and efficient for scholars and scientists to first study the relative work of others, whether it is successful or not. The relative work will guide the scientists and scholars to plant flowers of knowledge on the uncultivated soil and supply them with some nutrition for the flowers to thrive, and ultimately make them to harvest the fruits.
（文字还算不错，但是我建议作者试试看赞同题目来再写一遍，那样我觉得文章会出色一点。比如，先论述自己的观点，然后讲 first study他人的东西能保证自己不会不知状况地重复别人的劳动，然后举关于mendel的那个反例，下面再讲study 他人的东西能自己广开言路，开阔眼界，博采众长，最后讲，first study以后，还是要有creative的想法和做法，才能成功，作为对论点的后继补充，很有力。对于作者抓住successful这个词切入，我觉得可能不是最佳选择）

haiyaUID: 187989

To dear pher:
1,因为我是跟着一个特训的思路走的，(https://bbs.gter.net/showthread.php?s=&threadid=203298)而这篇文章的角度是用了“拆分”的方法，关键字是successful。我对于题目的解题思路是：想做出些原创性的东西， 首先了解前人的工作可以确立还有那些领域等待被挖掘，这是肯定的。但是是否只有参考成功的例子才能帮助去确定这些领域呢？
因此，我的原来思路是这样的。
1。首先，参考成功的工作可以让我们了解某一学科的发展水平。避免自己的工作和前人的重复。在成果的工作之外寻求领域，来保证原创性。
   其次，可以从参考成功的工作中发现缺陷，对于理论本身进行完善和修补。
2。但是对于参考相关但并未成功的列子可以更有利于一个原创想法的诞生。节约时间，大量数据。
3。Admittedly,在很多基础学科创立的早期， 原创性并不一定要首先参考其他人的工作。但是在现在科学告诉发展的时代，需要！！


2，b2的结尾我用了两个递进的if，来肯定研究前人的成功工作是有利于原创性的产生的。但是你好象看出的相反的意思？（我是表示肯定呀，我又读了几遍，还是觉得我是肯定呀。请指教，哪里有歧义？）  另b2的开头，因为要ts一下，范文里也有用比较漂亮的长句。我虽然做不到漂亮用词，但至少没有太罗嗦吧。

3，关于Rayleigh的工作成功，这是我的个人认识。因为据资料，Rayleigh但是把两个不同的实验结果放在杂志上公开征求答案，因为他无法解释。我觉得单单数据的堆砌并不能产生一个idea,而在data之上的想法的才能真正产生idea，才是成功。可是现在想想，人家做出实验结果，也是个小小的成功的工作呀。晕，有没有别的适合的例子可以用呢？

4，猪猪提供的思路重点是对于to determine....这个作用的补充，说明successful work其他的作用。我原先也有这么想过，但把题目再玩味一下。
217"In order to produce successful original work, scholars and scientists must first study the successful work of others to learn what contributions remain to be made."
这个first感觉更强调study the successful work of others,而不是 to learn what contributions remain to be made。
试着把first的位置变一变
In order to produce successful original work, scholars and scientists must  study the successful work of others to first learn what contributions remain to be made
你是不是也和我有同样的感觉了呢？
对于这题的理解不同，哪种更合适些呢？
大家看了也发表一下想法吧

haiyaUID: 187989

谢谢2楼的建议：）

blur13_0UID: 150275

217"In order to produce successful original work, scholars and scientists must first study the successful work of others to learn what contributions remain to be made."

Original: a work composed firsthand.

-----syllabus------
In order to learn what contributions remain be made,
1. learn successful work.
a) outside the successful work prevent repeat the previous work. Example: Genetics & Mendel
b) inside the successful work :find the flaw of successful work. Example: Quantum Mechanism & Bohr
2. learn relative work
a) amounts of useful data connotate the hopeful birth of new ideas. Example: Ramsay+Rayleigh & Argon
“为了能创作出成功的原创作品，学者和科学家必须首先学习其他人的成功作品，以便了解哪些贡献还有待于去实现。”—最后一句我理解为“填补学科空白”
key word :   “must first”,
original---  not derivative or imitative
not an adaptation, innovative, fresh, unusual, novel, new,
original music, design, movie, painting,
original mind, approach, invention, experiment,
scholar---- a learned person (especially in the humanities);
scientist—science无所不包，人文和自然科学，人文就包括艺术。
给个连接你看看http://www.cogsci.princeton.edu/ ... p;showcontexthelp=1
-----composition----
In the realm of science, the originality of the work has been put much emphasis on.上句话可以跟下句话连起来说,或者加个alwaysSuccessful original work has more跟谁比？ influence on the development of a certain academic discipline and even boosts the thriving of a society. Therefore, more and more scholars dedicate themselves to produce successful original work. To search for a platform on which the original idea form换generate or shape 感觉最好用被动语态, it may be useful to study the successful work of others firstly. But it is not always the whole of the facts. 开头几句有点绕，到了最后提出主论点是显得有点软

On the one hand, research is a gradual and accumulative process. To study the successful work, they might prevent following the same old road which the predecessors have walked on and finished in order to work out new ideas efficiently.上句是想说避免走别人走过的路，可以说成”prevent themselves from the ineffectual efforts and repeated attempt to the identical achievements accomplished by others. Take the Genetics, which was founded by Mendel, as an example. Three scientists simultaneously constructed the similar theory about the Genetics by their own endeavor. Unfortunately, when they started out writing the essays to publish their accomplishment, they found their discoveries unoriginal and existing for 35 years in fact. It was Mendel who put forth somewhat similar genetic principles but only gain the silence from the public in his times. He had spent 8 years in researching the characteristic of the generations of peas. Common sense tells us that much time and money are required to be contributed to the research.what is the sense of the quote above?   If the three scientists had studied the successful work of Mendel, the situation had been preventedavoided. Further, according to 换withtheir talent to advocate these ideas without looking up the Mendel's theorem, they might had worked out other more significant original works under the condition of the same amount of time and money.they had not touch the theory of Mendel!!! you can say” with….even if without….they might….other innovative theories

Additionally, the boundary of the place where the successful originality comes into being is not always delimited by the successful work. Some successful work itself also has flaws. As the exploration or addition of these theorems, original work forms. Back into the history, the Quantum Mechanism advocated by Bohr challenged the Classical Mechanism in the realm of microscopical world换microcosmos. The source of the new Mechanism was from breaking through the limit of Classic Mechanism in explaining the microscopic phenomenon. Hence, on the basis of successful research, the successful original work can also bring evolution to approaches and ways to see the world. 想说通过挑战权威，也可以original吗？没看太懂。。。。汗。。。。

On the other hand, the relative work which may be not successful and provide amounts of data should also be read first. It may be the cradle for a new-born theorem. The large amount of data stimulates the creativity and inspiration of the scholars and scientists and gives us the connotation where the new theory hopefully arises. In the process of discovering the element “argon”, Ramsay gave birth of this element by the inspiration from the repetitive but same experiment data of Rayleigh. It seems that Ramsay saved two years to get these data and eventually win the Nobel Prize due to this discovery. Thus, for a wise researcher, he should not only pay his attention to “ what has existed” but also to “ what the advantage of this existence are”.这段想说相关的其他学科中即使不成功的work也有价值对吗？但是，第一段应该在说明白点，比如not only….but also…..本来这点很好，就是没说清楚

Admittedly, in the initial period of some fundamental discipline, the appearance of classical theorem depended more on intelligence and experience of the scholars and scientists themselves. Nowadays, with the mature of the major academic discipline, it is hard to create some original ideas which don’t overlap with the previous theorem without know their existence first.是想说interaction的必然性吗？为什么不说成“学科交叉的时代，要增多创新的可能性，这必然要求科学家们投入更大精力去研究各学科的former works whether successful or unsuccessful

To sum up, it is advisable and efficient for scholars and scientists to first study the relative work of others, whether it is successful or not. The relative work will guide the scientists and scholars to plant flowers of knowledge on the uncultivated soil and supply them with some nutrition for the flowers to thrive, and ultimately make them to harvest the fruits. hehe….最后斗胆问一句，最后一段是按中文翻译的吗？anyway, this is a respectable essay for me, would you like to tell how could you achieve so long a work in only 48 minutes, any suggestion or recipes are ok, thank you ahead! ;)