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138"Only through mistakes can there be discovery or progress."
I fundamentally agree with the speaker insofar as mistakes are primary methods for discovery and progress, for the reason that lessons learned from mistakes contribute to acquiring desirable ways of solving problems for human beings. However, under some circumstances, discovery and progress does not necessarily spring from mistakes. Besides, not every trial and error 这里trail和mistake不是一个意思吧? definitely results in advancement and discovery.
(从错误中吸取教训是取得进步的主要方法之一) Galileo
Learning lessons from mistakes accords with normal process in which people recognize and understand the world around us. In retrospect, the history of science is essentially a history of trials and errors. Numerous progresses result from ceaseless efforts to overcome one setback after another. In the realm of physical science, most great scientific accomplishments build on prior ones, challenging and disproving old theories, and consequently setting up new ones. A case in point is Galileo, an Italian physicists and astronomers. He pointed out the theory of tantamount speed of falling objects despite their masses, correcting the established but mistaken thoughts of Aristotle, which asserted that falling speed of things varies according to their weights. As for the realm of politics, progress comes from dissention and challenge. Through ceaselessly challenging mistaken notions of established institution, human beings gradually realize the concept of "democracy, freedom, and equity" proposed in the period of Ancient Greece. 对于伽利略的例子,感觉并突出他如何从错误中取得进步,更明显得是他敢于挑战权威,不知道还有没有更好得例子,比如说诺贝尔发明炸药得时候经历了很多得失败,通过慢慢总结经验教训,终于成功.找例子是我得最大弱点
(从错误中吸取教训不是取得进步的必要条件,在艺术领域,艺术家的成就来源于艺术家对自然对社会的认识)印象派,贝多芬
On the other hand, my points of contention with the speaker involve making mistakes is not the prerequisite for discovery and progress. When it comes to the art, artistic accomplishment has little to do with mistakes for the reason that new types of art are independent of priors ones. For supportive example, we should look no further than the art of Impression. Impressionist, such as Monet, Magnet, Von Gogh and the like concentrated on the play of light over objects and stressed vivid contrasts between colors in sunlight and shade. Their achievements did not stem from correcting mistakes of their prior artists, but rather from their distinctive feelings and perspectives to the nature. Similarly, German composer Beethoven completed Ninth Symphony, a work which summarizes much of his achievement and influence, even after losing hearing. The vision of struggle and triumph manifested in this work comes from Beethoven's confidence encountering paramount difficulties in hit own spirit, which does not deny musicians before him. As it is discussed above, there exit many methods for progress and discovery aside from learning lessons of mistakes, such as inspiration from life and nature, to lead to progress and discovery. 有些学科确实是没有对错之分的,没有mistake,不过写贝多芬那一部分看的有点糊涂
(不是每个错误都会导致进步和发现。它取决与人们对错误的态度)永动机,能量守恒定律
Another problem with the speaker's claim is that not every mistakes definitely result in progress and discovery, for the reason that whether trials and errors lead to progress and discovery largely depends on the attitude toward mistakes of people. Faced with mistakes, some people feel disappointed and have no courage to go ahead continuously. While some other people believe mistakes automatically and definitely lead to progress and discovery, and blindly stick to fundamentally absurd theories before. For example, attempt of inviting perpetual motion machine in history made by scientists, which opposes the law of conservation of energy, was doomed to fail in spite of ceaselessly correcting mistakes. Therefore, it requires comprehensive and profound analysis about the real reasons why mistakes happen. Mistake itself does not necessarily mean the ultimate progress and discovery. 分析的细致,例子也是恰到好处
To sum up, to err is human. In the history of people's recognizing the world, mistakes cannot be avoided by human beings. Mistakes are regarded as one of primary ways for progress and discovery. Besides, sound and health attitude toward errors and trials plays an indispensable role on the ultimate constructive progress and discovery.
楼主文章写的很好,其中的例子也正是我要学习的东西,收获不小,呵呵 |
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