Argument 50，有点难，只有几天就要考了，求砖！

purethingUID: 158691

ArgumentX 额外题库 第5篇 让砖头来得更猛烈些吧！
------摘要------
作者：寄托家园作文版普通用户     共用时间：32分06秒     505 words
从2005年2月30日14时42分到2005年2月30日15时14分
------题目------
From a draft textbook manuscript submitted to a publisher.
'As Earth was being formed out of the collision of space rocks, the heat from those collisions and from the increasing gravitational energy of the planet made the entire planet molten, even the surface. Any water present would have evaporated and gone off into space. As the planet approached its current size, however, its gravitation became strong enough to hold gases and water vapor around it as an atmosphere. Because comets are largely ice made up of frozen water and gases, a comet striking Earth then would have vaporized. The resulting water vapor would have been retained in the atmosphere, eventually falling as rain on the cooled and solidified surface of Earth. Therefore, the water in Earth's oceans must have originated from comets.'
------正文------
In this argument, the arguer concludes that the water in current Earth come from comets. To substantiate this conclusion, the arguer reasons that any water would have evaporated under the high temperature produced by the collision of space rocks when Earth was formed. Meanwhile, the arguer provides the evidence that the gravity of the Earth was strong enough to hold water vapor produced by the collision with comet, an ice celestial body. However, in my point of view, the arguer neglects certain indispensable concerns.

To begin with, the arguer’s claim that all water would have gone out of the Earth when the planet was formed is not affirmative. We have to admit that in normal situation, water would evaporate when the temperature is higher than one hundred centigrade. The extreme high temperature during the early stage of the Earth is certainly to make much water evaporated. However, water may stay liquid under high temperature as long as it is under enough pressure. In this situation, water molecules will be bound together stronger than in normal state. Meanwhile, the irregular shape and structure of the initial Earth caused by the fierce collision will contribute to extreme pressure in some areas. As a result of this, it is possible that large quantity of water, in the form of liquid, solid or compound, were maintained on the Earth.

Furthermore, the arguer depends on a gratuitous assumption that vapor resulted from the collision of the Earth and comets are able to easily get access to the atmosphere. Although much ice carried by comets were sublimated to vapor during the collision, it is difficult for them to get into the atmosphere of the Earth. It is possible that much vapor were dispersed into the outer space due to the huge impaction of the collision. Then only a small part of them remained on the earth, which was impossible to form so huge oceans nowadays.

Last but not least, the arguer neglects other causes that will bring water to the Earth. Besides comets, other celestial bodies, such as meteoroids or other planets may also have collided with the Earth. Meanwhile, these celestial bodies were able to hold quantities of water. For instance, the Mars, another planet in solar system, has been substantiated the existence of ice by America's mechanic explorer sent to this planet recently. The water on the Earth may originate from the Mars due to collision or other unknown reasons.

To sum up, this argument lacks credibility in that the arguer too hastily comes to the final conclusion based on these unconvincing evidences and gratuitous presumption. To make the argument more logically acceptable, the arguer would have to provide more evidence concerning that water cannot exist under the extreme temperature early in the Earth's life and water vapor produced by the collision of the Earth and comets are able to get into the atmosphere easily. What is more, more evidence should be provided to exclude the possibility that water may be brought from other celestial bodies other than comets.

purethingUID: 158691

没人砸砖，郁闷~

没几天就要考了，大家帮帮忙啊~

深谷幽兰UID: 196550

------题目------
From a draft textbook manuscript submitted to a publisher.
'As Earth was being formed out of the collision of space rocks, the heat from those collisions and from the increasing gravitational energy of the planet made the entire planet molten, even the surface. Any water present would have evaporated and gone off into space. As the planet approached its current size, however, its gravitation became strong enough to hold gases and water vapor around it as an atmosphere. Because comets are largely ice made up of frozen water and gases, a comet striking Earth then would have vaporized. The resulting water vapor would have been retained in the atmosphere, eventually falling as rain on the cooled and solidified surface of Earth. Therefore, the water in Earth's oceans must have originated from comets.'
------正文------
In this argument, the arguer concludes that the water in current Earth come from comets. To substantiate this conclusion, the arguer reasons that any water would have evaporated under the high temperature produced by the collision of space rocks when Earth was formed. Meanwhile, the arguer provides the evidence that the gravity of the Earth was strong enough to hold water vapor produced by the collision with comet, an ice celestial body. However, in my point of view, the arguer neglects certain indispensable concerns.

To begin with, the arguer’s claim that all water would have gone out of the Earth when the planet was formed is not affirmative. We have to admit that in normal situation, water would evaporate when the temperature is higher than one hundred centigrade. The extreme high temperature during the early stage of the Earth is certainly to make much water evaporated. However, water may stay liquid under high temperature as long as it is under enough pressure. In this situation, water molecules will be bound together stronger than in normal state. Meanwhile, the irregular shape and structure of the initial Earth caused by the fierce collision will contribute to extreme pressure in some areas. As a result of this, it is possible that large quantity of water, in the form of liquid, solid or compound, were maintained on the Earth.

Furthermore, the arguer depends on a gratuitous assumption that vapor resulted from the collision of the Earth and comets are able to easily get access to the atmosphere. Although much ice carried by comets were sublimated to vapor during the collision, it is difficult for them to get into the atmosphere of the Earth. It is possible that much vapor were dispersed into the outer space due to the huge impaction of the collision. Then only a small part of them remained on the earth, which was impossible to form so huge oceans nowadays.

Last but not least, the arguer neglects other causes that will bring water to the Earth. Besides comets, other celestial bodies, such as meteoroids or other planets may also have collided with the Earth. Meanwhile, these celestial bodies were able to hold quantities of water. For instance, the Mars, another planet in solar system, has been substantiated the existence of ice by America's mechanic explorer sent to this planet recently. The water on the Earth may originate from the Mars due to collision or other unknown reasons.也可能地球形成初期一些化学反应产生的水吧

To sum up, this argument lacks credibility in that the arguer too hastily comes to the final conclusion based on these unconvincing evidences and gratuitous presumption. To make the argument more logically acceptable, the arguer would have to provide more evidence concerning that water cannot exist under the extreme temperature early in the Earth's life and water vapor produced by the collision of the Earth and comets are able to get into the atmosphere easily. What is more, more evidence should be provided to exclude the possibility that water may be brought from other celestial bodies other than comets.

楼主写得很不错啦，语言流畅，结构清晰，还写了五百字呢，赞一个！偶的阿狗还没开窍～ :(

zyxiaoyingUID: 201524

大致看了一下，问题点和逻辑推理都感觉不错，已经很有水平了。
有个问题弱弱的问一下，你的论证有的地方很专业，比如不同气压下水沸点的问题，不是说G考不用这么专业的知识吗，是不是还可以用别的什么来驳呢（我自己也没想出来），火星的那个例子有定论了吗，现在是不是还只是推测呢？ :confused:

dingoUID: 155422

感觉沸点那一段比较牵强。不知道阅卷的老美懂不懂你在说什么呢。。呵呵