issue184 ( 优秀习作, 推荐大家都来看看-------------by 酸奶)

IloveissuetooUID: 2323606

学习...
看完了
想想自己在考场上写的..
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~~>_<~~
我报10G去了..

wioletUID: 2238507

很有收获，谢谢！

pesticideUID: 2359145

During the formation of any theories, data plays an important and indispensable role. Some people even believe that it is a grave mistake to theorize before one has data. As far as I am concerned, I totally agree with the significance of data for theory establishment. Meanwhile, it should also be pointed out that not all theories are based on data, (有问题吧，所有的理论最终都要接受事实的检验。在得到数据前作理论推测不等于有些理论不需建立在数据上)and that the excessive emphasis on data will barricade the emergence of many wise and far-sighted theories.

Admittedly, adequate data is a vital factor for building up a convincing theory. In various academic fields, data lays the important foundation for analyzing, reasoning, inducing(induction) and concluding, the process of which can give birth to theories. Without necessary data, many researches will become nothing but pure imagination(不妥) and their results do not deserve people's attention and time. Take the formation of genetics theory for example. Mendel, the father of genetics, devoted eight years in gathering data of the biological characteristics of peas in several generations. Based on the data he acquired, Mendel made important discoveries on the laws of heritance among generations, thereby establishing the theory of genetics. When the theory was refined later, Mendel's data from experiments were still proved to be of great value. This example shows that data are essential for significant discoveries that help to establish new theories. If it were not for the support from data, many researchers can never achieve inspirations on new ideas, not to mentions theories.(怪怪的)

Nevertheless, there are also many far-reaching theories that start from great assumptions. History tells us that not all theories, which have been accepted today, are based on exact data at the embryonic stage. Some theories are brought by scientists’ assumptions, which are founded on affluent experiences,(不妥吧) rather than objective data. The establishment of continental drift theory can be an apt illustration for this point. Inspired by the world map, Wenger, an American geologist,(Wegener, a German scientise 此人是天文PhD，但对地球物理，气象和气候学越深有造诣，不如笼统说他是科学家) found that the main continents' edge could roughly match together. Hence, he assumed the possibility of continents drifting to their current position from the original big chunk. With this great assumption, Wenger proposed the continental drift theory. Years later, he founded the biological similarities between the matched continental edges and further proved his theory. Apparently, some theories are not founded on concrete data, but were born as assumptions, which could be substantiated with data afterward. Accordingly, I hold that apart from theorizing with previous data, making assumptions is another way for building theories.(事实上，这里assumption 是想表现 hypothesis 的意思。assumption与是否拥有数据能否作理论推测是两码事，assumption是一种随处可用的思考方法 )

Exclusive emphasis on data before theorizing will probably hamper the development of innovative theories. If we take it for granted that people cannot theorize until the data is ready, then scholars will probably postpone theorizing forever. Because theories that are based on assumptions, as is mentioned above, may never be established since their supporting data is usually acquired later. It is due to the assumed theory that a series of researches and experiments, which follow its methodology, are set in motions and further substantiate the theory. For example, Hawking's theory of the world's origin is considered a masterpiece. However, according to the speaker's principle, Hawking's theory is purely a mistake since no substantial data is quoted to support it. It is ridiculous to think so because, as a matter of fact, current research conditions are still inadequate for gathering data to support Hawking's theory, which is wildly acknowledged in scientific world. We can believe that there surely will be one day when scientists can find out clues and persuasive data, since Hawking's ideas have already been implanted in many scientists' mind.(不妥)

In short, I concede the importance of data in the theorizing process. However, I believe there are two ways of building theories. One is concluded from sufficient data, while the other is based on assumptions but will later be proved by data. It is unnecessary that theorizing before one has data is a grave mistake.

无意中看到了这片习作，我以挑剔的眼光学习了一下。如有不妥，见谅！

wangqingtoeflUID: 2189040

天哪。。。写得这么好了呀。。。学习。。。。学习。。。

yupei0318UID: 2205314

太棒了，佩服佩服！~

dairuxin512UID: 2178329

真是写的好啊！学习中

feixiangflyUID: 2839023

写的真好！

kidultlyUID: 2650994

天啊我也是写过的啊，差这么多~~~认真学习学习

bobyang19895258UID: 2817398

学习滴好榜样！~

charlesmaUID: 2718633

写的很朴实，是学习的好榜样

wdx19861106UID: 2821198

学习一下，老感觉自己写不出东西。

toughcuiUID: 2845737

好文章——收藏了先~

weizi1015UID: 2489088

的确好文，只是想提一点，霍金的宇宙大爆炸理论事实上是基于不少精准测量的啊，并不是凭空诊断。