十二月高强组第四周周六提纲贴

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周六提纲:
issue121  issue99
issue177  issue69
issue56    issue212
issue74    issue30

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ISSUE30
【题目】"The primary goal of technological advancement should be to increase people's efficiency so that everyone has more leisure time."
【提纲】
Thesis: The improvement of technology has greatly heighten our living standard and increase people’s efficiency. However, it is too hasty to conclude that technology advancement has the ability to increase people’s leisure time.
Para1: The development of technology has changed the world.or more specifically, greatly enhance our efficiency.  Transportation, productivity. Communication. House work. The convenience of obtaining information.
Para2: The leisure time of people have not increased by virtue of the technological development. On the one hand, the competition in today’ s world is fierce and will be more heat in the future, to keep pace with the development of the whole society, individuals have to be conscious of self-improvement all the times in fear of being out of date. In this sense people have to spend more time to progress rather than relacx.
Para3: The amount of leisure time is mostly determined by certain individual rather the compact of the technological development. In any era, there are people who endeavor and struggle hard as well as the people who have a light-hearted state of mind. It is the personality rather than the outside elements that define whether a person has abundant of leisure time.



ISSUE74
【题目】"The most effective way to communicate an idea or value to large groups of people is through the use of images, not language."
【提纲】
Thesis: Though image is an effective way to express ideas and thoughts to large amount of people, the importance of language could not be neglected. Language is the major means to communicate, even to large group of people.
Para1: Image is a effective means to communicate with large group of people in that it can clearly illustrate the trend, the appearance and some specific elements.
Para2: language can explain the images well in that people have different interpretations of image and could not get the main ideas in the image, it is necessary to explain the image in detail through language.
Para3: Some abstract ideas and values could not be directly reflected by the image, it is the language that could represent those abstract issues.      
Para4: it is the effective use of both the language and image that we could express our ideas and values clearly and understandably.



ISSUE212
【题目】If a goal is worthy, then any means taken to attain it is justifiable
【翻译】只要目标是值得，不择手段达到目的是合理的。
【提纲】
Thesis: We have to try hard to achieve our goals, but we have to achieve them through rational and reasonable means that would not inflict harm to others or society.
Para1: Goals is important for us to advance and achieve success. An inspiration promotes our determination to endeavor. A direction tells us where to move ahead and concentrate on. We have to make all efforts to realize our goals, such intention is also the impetus of the progress of the human society.
Para2: We could not be so selfish to merely aware of our own benefits and success, there society is consisted of all kinds of people, and it is unfair to base our success on the loss of others. It is disrespectful and mean never to consider the well-beings of others.
Para3: It is the goals that enhance both the personal values and the welfare of others and the society could deserve the great success. No success is totally make by oneself without the help of others. Mostly it is the collaboration rather than self-improvement that lead to the success. We have to find approaches which are mutual beneficial to others, to achieve our goals

ISSUE121  
【题目】At various times in the geological past, many species have become extinct as a result of natural, rather than human, processes. Thus, there is no justification for society to make extraordinary efforts, especially at a great cost in money and jobs, to save endangered species.
【翻译】
在过去不同的地质时期，许多的物种因为自然作用而非人类行为而灭绝。因此，人类社会为了挽救濒危物种而付出的巨大努力，尤其是以大量的资金和工作机会为代价，这样做是毫无道理的。
【提纲】
Thesis：We have to protect endangered species, whereas it is not necessary to make extraordinary efforts. Meanwhile, in some occasion, we have to try hard to protect some certain specie.
Para1: The wild species are beneficial in many respects. First, the variety of species ensures our survival in the planet. The whole biosphere is interactive and dependent, no species could survive alone. Second, the potential use as medicines or other useful materials because of their distinctive genes and chemical components could enhance the well being of the mankind. The salvation of some endangered species do not mean to keep them in zoos or any other artificial environment, it is to preserve their natural environment. The extraordinary efforts, in my eyes, are to create an new suitable environments for the endangered species. In this means, I conceive it is not necessary.   
Para2: Some contemporary social problems need to be focused, and to solve or relieve those problems require financial and intellectual support. For example, the high rate of unemployment, the crime, the transportation and spread of drug, the family violence, the social education, the juvenile delinquency. Those problems are directly connected with our daily life and comparatively more urgent to solve.
Para3: In this situation, with the limited technology level, we could not save some species, what we can do is to delay their extinctions. And moreover, some species disappeared because they cannot adopt the environment, or in other words, they are the victims of natural evolvement. If so, it is impossible to reserve them.   
Para4：Some specie, such as panda bears, are treasures of a nation and considered as a symbol. As a result, people cost a lot to prevent those species form distinction. This could be seemed as exceptions since most other endangered species could not receive such emphasizes.


ISSUE99
【题目】
"In any realm of life—whether academic, social, business, or political—the only way to succeed is to take a practical, rather than an idealistic, point of view. Pragmatic behavior guarantees survival, whereas idealistic views tend to be superceded by simpler, more immediate options."
【提纲】
Thesis: Both idealistic targets and practical actions are necessary for the success in that ideals point out directions to strive and practical behavior guarantee the progressing.
Para1: The idealistic provide and long term views, which will inspire us through the description of the future and heightening our confidences. We may find the value of the work and therefore enhance our enthusiasm and initiative of the work. The declaration of Martine Luther King is deemed idealistic and could not totally achieve even by now, but they actually inspired us and enlighten us to fight for the equal rights.
Para2: The idealistic point of view maintains our directions toward our goals.
Para3: the pragmatic behaviors cause us to advance and solve actual problems. Without the actually actions, no goals will come true. The successes are accomplished step by step, and within every step, there are difficulties to hinder the progress. Faced with complicated real situations, we have to be practical to solve problems.
Para4：The idealistic views and practical views have to be balanced in the process of obtaining progress. The ideal is like faith, we could never lose faith. Meanwhile,  the practical ideas help to deal with the trivial problems We have to be planning from the whole scope and behave form the specific issues.

ISSUE177
【题目】The study of an academic discipline alters the way we perceive the world. After studying the discipline, we see the same world as before, but with different eyes.
【翻译】对于一门学科的研究会改变我们对世界的看法。在学习这门学科之后，我们看到的世界一如既往，但是我们本身的角度和眼光已然不同。
【提纲】
Thesis: the education actually alters our perspectives of the world, and such alternations are mostly toward the helpful directions.
Para1: The study of academic disciplines enhances our knowledge and provide out information about the world. Through the learning of science and technology, we know better about why the nature runs in this way not others. Therefore, acquire a clear comprehending of the world. Faced with some otherwise mysterious phenomenon, we could turn to science for answers rather than confused and vulnerable to some nebulous explanations.  
Through the learning of humanity, we understand the human nature and the psychology of mankind so that we could, to some extent, realize the inside intention of the behaviors
Para2: The academic disciplines provide some skills and reinforce our abilities. The disciplines provide methods to solve problems. By learning them, we have optional solutions and could choose the optimized one.
Para3: To some extent, the learning of academic disciplines could bring in harm. Restrain our creativity. Every time facing an problems, we tent to find answers rather than conceive it by ones’ own. Sometimes we could not view the world form the other perspectives since our mind are full of explanations and we could not discard the accepted opinions.

ISSUE69
【题目】 Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development.
【翻译】政府应该少限制科学研究和发展。
【提纲】
Thesis: the scientific research requires freedom and liberty. However, research could not be totally unregulated. There must be some measure of restriction to restrain and supervise the research. The government has to make a balance between the detrainments and the freedom
Para 1: A free environment is proper for research in that researches are most rooted in originality, and such environment is better for originality. The restriction of the government may kill some genius ideas or restrict the development of some talented researchers.
Para 2: the restriction may lead to decrease of the purity of scientific research. Serve the politics and evolve the international confiliction in the field of research which hinder the development of science.
Para 3; the governmental control of the scientific research could emphasis on some urgent and significant problems. Since with out the induction of the government the research may mostly reflect the interests of researchers, they research may far from the practical needs. In addition, with the participation of the government, the researchers may acquire more financial support and collaborate on certain significant issues.
Para 4: The supervision by the government could prevent some immoral researches and decline the deception or corruption of researchers.

ISSUE56
【题目】Governments should focus more on solving the immediate problems of today rather than trying to solve the anticipated problems of the future
【翻译】政府应该把更多的注意力放在解决当务之急，而不是试图解决将来预期的问题上。
【提纲】
Thesis: I fundamentally concede with the claim that the immediate problems should be concentrated rather than the future ones. However, the anticipated problems should not be neglected.
Para1: The immediate problems directly influence our daily life. Poverty, unemployment, environmental pollution, Juvenile Delinquency, drugs.
Para2: the immediate problems will have detrimental effects on the future if not properly addressed.
Para3: We have to take into account the welfare of our descendents. We have to maintain the ability to continuous development. It is not wise to use up the natural resources, protection of wild animals, The rate of illiterate.

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issue121
1自然界的确有过灭绝生物种类的事情发生
2 但人类对物种灭绝的速度史无前例,而且速度越来越快,威胁整个生态系统
3 维持生态平衡,保护物种

issue 56
1 为了保证社会的安定稳定,政府应该足够的关注当前的问题,当前的问题往往是最为紧迫的
2 同时,政府更应该有远见.
3 不能只考虑当代,要用长远的眼光看问题,推行可持续发展政策.例如:节约能源的同时要研究替代能源,避免资源枯竭
issue99
1 实践和现实的观念是任何领域取得成功的关键.
2然而,ideals 是人们的精神支柱推动人们实现崇高的目的
3 人,community,nation都因该又要practical, 更不可以抛弃ideals理想和现实是辩证关系,面对现实,立足现实,追求美好的明天.
issue74
1图像和图形/直观,容易识记.同时,有的东西是语言无法表达的象,艺术上的陶冶,文化上的陶冶.
2但是,在信息传递的准确性和精确性上,语言更甚于图形3 图文并茂是最好的方式
issue69
1 科学技术是一把双刃剑
2政府是解决这一问题的主体
3 当然,政府的干预不可以过渡,
4 度的把握,根据科学研究的性质,确定程度.

issue212
1 theoretically, 努力的实现有价值的目标正是人类社会不断前进和发展的动力.
2 什么是值得追求目标?如何定义?因人因事不同
3 同时,即使是有价值的目标,也决不可为实现目的不择手段