Scientific American 60 Second Science听抄（有音频文件）

kelediguoUID: 149939

Thank you, zhenzhen. Welcome back! :handshake

BTW, how was your short vocation?

kelediguoUID: 149939

You're right. Thank you very much. Welcome to our group!:handshake

zhenzhen_163UID: 196150

It was fabulous. But the sad thing is, vacations are always too short!

zhenzhen_163UID: 196150

kelediguo 汇总或自己听出的帖子总是很严谨，罕有语法、标点、断句方面的错误，所以我常拿他的来做标准答案。

Mosquitoes are a summertime menace. But they are also a marvel of mechanical engineering. They can stick to your skin, cling to a wall and even walk on water. Now a team of physicists from Canada and China has figured out how they do it. The trick is in the feet. First off, mosquitoes have tiny hooks on their tootsies which they use to latch onto skin. And they hang on to walls the same way geckos do, using hairy little foot pads that let them stick to surfaces like they’re wearing Velcro socks. But it’s their water-walking that may be their most remarkable feat (as Finalman correctly pointed out). To dance across a pond or stand atop a puddle, mosquitoes use their super hydrophobic legs. These limbs are so phenomenally water repellant that each one could effectively support 23 times the insect’s weight. At least that’s what the physicists discovered when they took a single mosquito leg and measured the force needed to push it into a cup of water. The reason the legs are so hydrophobic is because they are coated with tiny feather like scales that are in turn covered by even tinier ribbing. So next time you swat a skeeter, remember, you just whacked a wonder of nature.

You raised a very good point—很奇怪，这边明明听到的是whacked, 但是从语法上讲应该是whack才对，不知为何—but you were wrong.

如果死板地讲语法，描述将来已发生的事，正确的是will have whacked. 但平常我们说话，经常会把时间坐标挪到说话内容的时间段里，在此也就是把时间坐标往将来移。比方说，我们说将来的时候，经常会用简单现在时表达，而不用未来时（例：next time you swat a skeeter）。说到将来刚发生的事，既然感觉将来就是现在，那这不就是现在刚过去的事吗，自然就用简单过去时描述。除非有特殊原因，我们不会用文绉绉的将来完成时。这是一个细微的语感问题，以后多注意，你们会发现很多类似的情况。如果会这么用，你的英语就更上一层楼了。

同理，我们在说过去时间段发生的事情时，也经常用现在时，而不用过去时（把时间坐标往过去移），特别是在说故事的时候，这样让听者有身历其境的感觉。

zhenzhen_163UID: 196150

Thank you but “first off” 多数情况下是“first of all” or “first”的意思，个别情况下才是立刻的意思。可以去google一下，看大量的例子。其他的请看1158楼。:handshake

zhenzhen_163UID: 196150

:)

Original post:

It’s checkmate for checkers, the 5,000-year-old game has been completed solved, that a checkers-playing computer called Chinook cannot be beaten. That’s according to University of Alberta computer scientists publishing in the latest issue of the Journal Science. The researchers spent almost two decades going through the 500 billion billion possible checkers positions, which is still an infinitesimal  small fraction of the number of chess positions by the way. The checkers effort included top players who helped the research team program checkers’ rules of thumb into software that categorized moves as successful or unsuccessful. Then the researchers let the program run on an average of 50 computers daily. Some days the program ran on 200 machines while the researchers monitor progress and tweak the program accordingly. In fact, Chinook beat humans to win the checkers world championship back in 1994. “But it did not yet become perfect.” That process is now done in the Chinook program as developed into a database that knows the optimal move in any possible checkers situation. If human opponent plays a perfect game, he or she can only hope for a tie.

My comments:

It’s checkmate for checkers! The 5,000-year-old game has been completed solved and a checkers-playing computer called Chinook cannot be beaten. That’s according to University of Alberta computer scientists, publishing in the latest issue of the journal Science. The researchers spent almost two decades going through the 500 billion billion possible checkers positions, which is still an infinitesimally small fraction (Congratulations! You got infinitesimal.) of the number of chess positions by the way. The checkers effort included top players who helped the research team program checkers’ rules of thumb into software that categorized moves as successful or unsuccessful. Then the researchers let the program run on an average of 50 computers daily. Some days the program ran on 200 machines while the researchers monitored progress and tweaked the program accordingly. In fact, Chinook beat humans to win the checkers world championship back in 1994. “But it did not yet become perfect.” That process is now done and the Chinook program has developed into a database that knows the optimal move in any possible checkers situation. If a human opponent plays a perfect game, he or she can only hope for a tie.

kelediguoUID: 149939

zhenzhen_163 真是太专业了，实在是佩服啊！

woodmanUID: 161906

hunterkyoUID: 2327913

ding

xbx_leeUID: 129512

to zhenzhen,
That’s according to University of Alberta computer scientists, publishing in the latest issue of the journal Science.

Still I think it may be:
That's according to University of Alberta computer scientists' publishing in the latest issue of the journal Science.

Sorry to be a little late.

liucirongUID: 2215759

7.23

Some people seemed to have lever of natural immunity against the AIDS virus and researchers were looking at their genes to try to help the effort to make HIV vaccine. That’s according to research reported in current edition of the journal Science. A international team of researchers exams  normal 500 people infected with HIV and identified the form of genes that appears to help some of those people fight off the virus and delay the unset of AIDS. The usual gene doesn’t stop the infection but it does keep the virus from proliferating. All ?the immune system identifies vetors the marked them for destruction, but HIV can usual disarm two forms of gene involved in identifying the introitus. Those two forms are called HIV-a and HIV-b. However HIV doesn’t seem to be able to turn off a third form HIV-c and infect itself do get the destroyed. Researchers hope vaccine might mimic infect. Investigators say that the serious of a future genome study would seek dependable additional targets for HIV vaccine.

似乎我第一次头贴

kumi82UID: 2364092

我也要加入进来

dcbUID: 2232749

July 23

Some people seem to have level of natural immunity against the AIDS virus. And researchers are looking at their genes to try to help their effort to make an HIV vaccine. That's according to research reported in the current issue of the journal Science. An international team of researchers examine almost 500 people infected with HIV and identify the form of the gene that appears to have helped some of thoes people fight off the virus and delay the onset of AIDS. The unusual gene doesn't stop infection but it does keep the virus from proliferating. Ordinarily, immune system identifies the invaders and marks them for destruction. But HIV can usually disarm two forms of the genes involved in identifing the intruders. Those two forms are called H-xx-A ( not sure?) and H-xx-B. However, HIV doen't seem to be able to turn off a third form, H-xx-C. And in fact,  itselves do get destroyed. Researchers hope a vaccine might mimic H-xx-C's affect. Investigators say that a series of furture genomere studies will seek to pinpoint the addional targets for HIV vaccines.

请高手解释下为什么用 itselves？


[ 本帖最后由 dcb 于 2007-7-23 15:25 编辑 ]

zhoufengUID: 2197710

Based on liucirong
07.23  AIDS Vaccine Could Mimic Natural Immunity To HIV

Some people seemed to have a level of natural immunity against AIDS virus. And researchers were looking at their genes to try to help their efforts to make HIV vaccine. That’s according to researchers’ reported in the current issue of the Journal of Science. An international team of researchers examined normal 500 people infected with HIV and identified the form of genes that appears to help some of those people fight off the virus and delay the onset of AIDS. The usual gene doesn’t stop the infection, but it does keep the virus from proliferating. Ordinarily the immune system identify the invaders and mark them for destruction, but HIV can usually disarm two forms of gene involved in identifying intruders. That’s two forms are called HLA or HLB. However, HIV doesn’t seem to be able to turn off the third form HLc and infect itself do get their destroyed. Researchers hope vaccine might mimic HLC’s effect. Investigator says that the serious future genome study would seek the pinpoint of additional targets for HIV vaccines.

初次发贴,请高手指正,谢谢

yyhwzcUID: 2273827

070723

Some people seem to have a level of natural immunity against the AIDS virus, and researchers are looking at their genes to try to help an effort to make an HIV vaccine. That's according to research reported in a current issue of the journal Science. An international team of researchers examined almost 500 people infected with HIV, and identified the form of a gene that appears to have helped some of those people fight off the virus and delay the onset of AIDS. The unusual gene dosen't stop infection but it does keep the virus from proliferating. Ordinarily, the immune system identifies invaders and makers them for destruction, but HIV can usually disarm two forms of the gene involved in identifying the intruders. Those two forms are called HLA-A and HLA-B. However HIV doesn't seem to be able to turn off a third form HLA-C, and in fact itself (maybe the mistake of the DJ) do get destroyed. Researchers hope a vaccine might mimic HLAc's effect. Invesigators say that a series of future genome(OR genomic? OR genome map) studies will seek to pin point additional targets for HIV vaccines.

(THANKS TO dcb FOR THE BLUE PARTS!)

[ 本帖最后由 yyhwzc 于 2007-7-23 17:44 编辑 ]