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The author contends that a public official without the highest ethical and moral standards could not become an effective leader. In my view, I generally agree with the author's assertion, although（英语中习惯把although放在前面） the highest ethical and moral standards are not the most urgent qualifications for a political leader. To begin with, maintaining high ethical and moral standards could bring the politician a bright figure. A leader of people, communities and nations would more or less be a model for his followers, and higher ethical and moral standards might help him gain more supports from the people. For instance, Mahatma Gandhi, who was the leader of the Indian nationalist movement against British rule, was eminently successful in leading others to practice the doctrine of non-violent protest to achieve political and social progress. Without the highest ethical and moral standards, he might not be followed by so many people, and would not be considered the father of his country. Therefore, high ethical and moral standards are necessary for an effective leader.（例子中并没有说明他在道德和责任感方面怎样的影响了群众，使他们都拥护他。所以显得例子不能很好的支持论点。） In addition, an official without high ethical and moral standards is doomed to fail to lead the public effectively. Without the self-government（一般用在一个国家的独立上，这里用restriction好一些） by the standards of morality and ethics, it is entirely possible that the leader would abuse his power and become corrupt. Take the well-known political scandal Watergate, which involved abuse of power for example. President Nixon, whose contempt for the very legal system, is considered by many people as an immoral person. In fact it is his illegal behavior and tamper to the nation led to his resignation. On balance, a successful political leader could not be without high ethical and moral standards.However, holding the highest ethical and moral standards are not the most required characters for an effective leader. The most important qualifications to be a successful political leader are the capacities of solving problems, managing teams and making decisions, which would make the institution function smoothly and efficiently. Certain moral issues may not prevent him or her from becoming successful leaders, a fitting example of which is the scandal of President Clinton and Lewinsky. Although Clinton's reckless and immoral behaviors in defiance of the societal moral standards, we could not ignore Clinton’s great achievement for society: he presided over the longest period of peace-time economic expansion in American history, which included a balanced budget and a reported federal surplus. In brief, we should consider the overall capacities of a political leader, even if he has slight ethical and moral problems.（这一段和上一段有点自相矛盾，都以丑闻为例，一个成功，一个失败，区别在哪。我觉得你这一段可以直接支出成为一个成功的领导者还需要其他的能力，这样可以回避道德尺度这个问题。） To sum up, maintaining highest ethical and moral standards is the fundamental need of an effective political leader, as the self-government（restriction） by morality and ethics would bring the official lots of supports and prevent them from abusing power. Nevertheless, a political leader should consider the other capacities first, such as solving problems and managing teams, which are more urgent than the highest ethical and moral standards.1. 领导人要起到表率作用, 要有高的道德准则(甘地)
2. 没有道德的约束, 会腐败和滥用权力(尼克松)
3. 但政治家重要的领导能力, 小的道德问题不影响他们的成功(克林顿)
另外, 这个public official 指的是? 包含商业领袖吗? 我是不是有点写跑题了呢 Public official 包含什么我也不太清楚，北美范文上是包括了商业领袖。我想可以在开头是自己定义以下，Public official 包括商业领袖。
文章思路很清晰，但论据和论点的关系不是特别明了。还有，我个人认为，既然文中说must maintain你把 moral…放在次要的位置是不是有点不妥。而且，你在开头提出他不是最急需的，和你第三段论述的领袖可以反倒的错误似乎不是特别的联系。这只是我个人的看法，希望对你有点帮助。有问题我们在探讨。
继续努力。
[ 本帖最后由 general727 于 2008-7-29 13:52 编辑 ] | 
发表于 2008-7-28 21:06:36
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