[try best]中文作文提纲 by suzie

yjwn1987UID: 2495078

issue99:
1.同意现实主义可帮助人们生存，但不能凭此而成功。理想主义也重要。
2.实用主义可使人们在复杂的情况下做出有效判断从而获得生存机会。举例。（鲁宾逊，奥卡姆剃刀）
3.远大理想使生活有意义并带来巨大的成功。（分领域举例）
4.成功者为理想主义和现实主义的结合。两者可互为补充。
5.结尾

argument238:
1.简单复述题目，将论点分为两部分。
2.调查只提供90%，不能说明：1，就业学生是否为商科（其他学科） 2，就业率高是否与顾问有关（公司合作/偶然现象） 3，就业质量如何（全职/本专业）
3.即使承认以上成立，依然未说明：1.两个学校性质差别（若学科偏重点不同则无改变必要）2.无法保证采取所说措施就可达到提高就业率
4.结尾

yjwn1987UID: 2495078

TOPIC: ARGUMENT1 - The following appeared in a memorandum written by the vice president of Nature's Way, a chain of stores selling health food and other health-related products.

"Previous experience has shown that our stores are most profitable in areas where residents are highly concerned with leading healthy lives. We should therefore build our next new store in Plainsville, which has many such residents. Plainsville merchants report that sales of running shoes and exercise clothing are at all-time highs. The local health club, which nearly closed five years ago due to lack of business, has more members than ever, and the weight training and aerobics classes are always full. We can even anticipate a new generation of customers: Plainsville's schoolchildren are required to participate in a 'fitness for life' program, which emphasizes the benefits of regular exercise at an early age."
WORDS: 10          TIME: 00:15:37          DATE: 2009-5-31 下午 07:54:43

1.运动服饰畅销不能说明人们追求健康生活方式。（a.追求时尚 b.运动服厂家的推销措施）
2.local health club 有更多会员不能说明人们追求健康。（不知道是否是长期的，有可能为当地一次健美比赛做准备（有可能就是那个fitness for life,而该活动就是由于当地人生活习惯太差而举行的））
3.新一代不一定爱健康生活（被强迫），要等到他们长大并有购买力还有很长时间。
4.即使爱运动，P当地的居民根本对NW这个品牌就不信任。（因为1.本地已有其他长期的品牌 2.它又贵又不好）

yjwn1987UID: 2495078

TOPIC: ARGUMENT2 - The following appeared in a letter sent by a committee of homeowners from the Deerhaven Acres to all homeowners in Deerhaven Acres.

"Seven years ago, homeowners in nearby Brookville community adopted a set of restrictions on how the community's yards should be landscaped and what colors the exteriors of homes should be painted. Since then, average property values have tripled in Brookville. In order to raise property values in Deerhaven Acres, we should adopt our own set of restrictions on landscaping and housepainting."
WORDS: 5          TIME: 00:12:04          DATE: 2009-5-31 下午 08:09:55

1.首先让步：假设七年中物价未上涨，B的房子的确是比D贵。讨论：构成的房价多种因素。房子本身质量，位置（靠近park 或者shopping mall），宣传，外观。作者未考虑其他因素
2.其次，承认房子的外观会影响房价，但没有任何证据证明统一后房子会变美。（很有理由相信一个坏品味的方案制定会影响本应更高的房价）
3.这种强制性措施侵犯住户自由，影响住户心情。

yjwn1987UID: 2495078

TOPIC: ARGUMENT3 - The following appeared in a newspaper article about law firms in the city of Megalopolis.

"In Megalopolis, the number of law school graduates who went to work for large, corporate firms declined by 15 percent over the last three years, whereas an increasing number of graduates took jobs at small, general practice firms. Even though large firms usually offer much higher salaries, law school graduates are choosing to work for the smaller firms most likely because they experience greater job satisfaction at smaller firms. In a survey of first-year students at a leading law school, most agreed with the statement that earning a high salary was less important to them than job satisfaction. This finding suggests that the large, corporate firms of Megalopolis will need to offer graduates more benefits and incentives and reduce the number of hours they must work."
WORDS: 5          TIME: 00:08:08          DATE: 2009-6-4 上午 06:37:27

1.学校的调查不能说明问题 （名校，一年级生）
2.学生少去大事务所的原因 （大事务所人才饱和不招收，小事务所发展需人才，工作压力小）
3.事务所对上述条件无法改变。

yjwn1987UID: 2495078

TOPIC: ARGUMENT4 - The following was posted on an Internet real estate discussion site.

"Of the two leading real estate firms in our town-Adams Realty and Fitch Realty-Adams is clearly superior. Adams has 40 real estate agents. In contrast, Fitch has 25, many of whom work only part-time. Moreover, Adams' revenue last year was twice as high as that of Fitch, and included home sales that averaged $168,000, compared to Fitch's $144,000. Homes listed with Adams sell faster as well: ten years ago, I listed my home with Fitch and it took more than four months to sell; last year, when I sold another home, I listed it with Adams, and it took only one month. Thus, if you want to sell your home quickly and at a good price, you should use Adams."
WORDS: 6          TIME: 00:05:53          DATE: 2009-6-4 上午 06:44:00

1.错误认定公司规模即为工作质量 （员工素质，效率。）
2.平均房价不能说明具体的出售状况 （一所价高，其他价低。地段。房子本身质量。）
3.十年前和现在无可比性 （房子市场供求关系的改变）

yjwn1987UID: 2495078

TOPIC: ARGUMENT6 - The following was written as a part of an application for a small business loan by a group of developers in the city of Monroe.

"A jazz music club in Monroe would be a tremendously profitable enterprise. Currently, the nearest jazz club is 65 miles away; thus, our proposed club, the C Note, would have the local market all to itself. Plus, jazz is extremely popular in Monroe: over 100,000 people attended Monroe's jazz festival last summer, several well-known jazz musicians live in Monroe, and the highest-rated radio program in Monroe is 'Jazz Nightly,' which airs every weeknight. Finally, a nationwide study indicates that the typical jazz fan spends close to $1,000 per year on jazz entertainment. It is clear that the C Note cannot help but make money."
WORDS: 4          TIME: 00:07:09          DATE: 2009-6-4 上午 06:59:15

1.首先，当地居民是否真的爱爵士？（音乐节为旅客，音乐家也许是在外地学习成名，全国花费不代表当地）

2.其次，当地已经存在竞争力量：电台（便宜方便），nearest club（质量，知名度，居民习惯于去那家）

3.同时，profit的问题。投入：器材，推广，请音乐家。回报未知。

yjwn1987UID: 2495078

TOPIC: ARGUMENT7 - The following appeared in a letter to the editor of the Clearview newspaper.

"In the next mayoral election, residents of Clearview should vote for Ann Green, who is a member of the Good Earth Coalition, rather than for Frank Braun, a member of the Clearview town council, because the current members are not protecting our environment. For example, during the past year the number of factories in Clearview has doubled, air pollution levels have increased, and the local hospital has treated 25 percent more patients with respiratory illnesses. If we elect Ann Green, the environmental problems in Clearview will certainly be solved."
WORDS: 15          TIME: 00:08:22          DATE: 2009-6-4 上午 07:08:39

1.25% more patients, air pollution levels raise, 不代表current members are not protecting （见效较慢，前任遗留问题，抑制更快发展速度）
2.即使现任官员们没有有力作为，也不能因为FB是其中一员而认定他不作为。（没有提到他的政见。个人努力）
3.即使FB做的不够好，也不能因为AG是组织成员而证明她更有愿望或能力保护环境。（更别说还有其他的选择对象）

yjwn1987UID: 2495078

TOPIC: ARGUMENT8 - The following appeared in a memorandum issued by the strategic planning department at Omni Inc.

"Mesa Foods, a manufacturer of snack foods that currently markets its products within a relatively small region of the country, has strong growth potential. Mesa enjoyed a 20 percent increase in profits last year, and its best-selling product, Diabolique Salsa, has had increased sales over each of the past three years. Since Omni Inc. is interested in reaching 14-to-25 year olds, the age group that consumes the most snack food, we should buy Mesa Foods, and concentrate in particular on marketing Diabolique Salsa throughout the country."
WORDS: 5          TIME: 00:06:25          DATE: 2009-6-5 下午 03:48:42

1.M在本地是否受欢迎？（20% increase基数是多少？有无可能只由DS创造？）
2.M在全国是否可以同样受欢迎？（口味，习惯，知名度）
3.企业合并要考虑的问题。（企业文化，受众对象：14-25，or 大众？）

yjwn1987UID: 2495078

TOPIC: ARGUMENT9 - The following appeared in a memorandum from a dean at Omega University.

"Fifteen years ago, Omega University implemented a new procedure that encouraged students to evaluate the teaching effectiveness of all their professors. Since that time, Omega professors have begun to assign higher grades in their classes, and overall student grade averages at Omega have risen by thirty percent. Potential employers apparently believe the grades at Omega are inflated; this would explain why Omega graduates have not been as successful at getting jobs as have graduates from nearby Alpha University. To enable its graduates to secure better jobs, Omega University should now terminate student evaluation of professors."
WORDS: 10          TIME: 00:05:01          DATE: 2009-6-5 下午 03:55:24

1.评价老师不等于professors gives higher grade (匿名，实际参与这项活动的大学生很少）
2.30% higher （教育力量，学生质量，提高）
3.找不到工作 （学生实际能力不足；就业顾问；课程设置无用）

yjwn1987UID: 2495078

TOPIC: ARGUMENT10 - The following appeared in a letter to the editor of a Batavia newspaper.

"The department of agriculture in Batavia reports that the number of dairy farms throughout the country is now 25 percent greater than it was 10 years ago. During this same time period, however, the price of milk at the local Excello Food Market has increased from $1.50 to over $3.00 per gallon. To prevent farmers from continuing to receive excessive profits on an apparently increased supply of milk, the Batavia government should begin to regulate retail milk prices. Such regulation is necessary to ensure both lower prices and an adequate supply of milk for consumers."
WORDS: 10          TIME: 00:05:14          DATE: 2009-6-5 下午 04:03:27

1.milk 供应并不足 （奶牛场：25% 未说基数； 没有说消费市场的增大）
2.milk price并不高 （EF的survey不具代表性，也许是异常状况比如奶牛瘟疫；物价上涨）
3.降低profit会打架farmers的积极性，就会减少supply，就会price increases。

yjwn1987UID: 2495078

TOPIC: ARGUMENT11 - The following appeared in a memo from the mayor of the town of West Egg.

"Two years ago, our consultants predicted that West Egg's landfill, which is used for garbage disposal, would be completely filled within five years. During the past two years, however, town residents have been recycling twice as much aluminum and paper as they did in previous years. Next month the amount of material recycled should further increase, since charges for garbage pickup will double. Furthermore, over ninety percent of the respondents to a recent survey said that they would do more recycling in the future. Because of our residents' strong commitment to recycling, the available space in our landfill should last for considerably longer than predicted."
WORDS: 5          TIME: 00:03:23          DATE: 2009-6-5 下午 04:12:07

1.铝和纸所占量？实际帮助有多大？
2.double: 物价涨，增倍也不贵。
3.居民实际上根本没有足够精力和时间回收，所说的话只是意愿。
4.没考虑到经济发展，人口的增加，工厂垃圾的增多。

yjwn1987UID: 2495078

TOPIC: ARGUMENT12 - The following appeared in a memo from a vice president of Alta Manufacturing.

"During the past year, Alta Manufacturing had thirty percent more on-the-job accidents than nearby Panoply Industries, where the work shifts are one hour shorter than ours. Experts believe that a significant contributing factor in many on-the-job accidents is fatigue and sleep deprivation among workers. Therefore, to reduce the number of on-the-job accidents at Alta and thereby increase productivity, we should shorten each of our three work shifts by one hour so that our employees will get adequate amounts of sleep."
WORDS: 4          TIME: 00:05:39          DATE: 2009-6-5 下午 04:20:39

1.错误认定事故率高就是工人sleep deprivation.（工厂性质不同；工人熟练度不同；机器的安全程度不同。）
2.即使是，减少工作时间不一定可以增加睡眠时间。（工人在路上时间）（员工休息室，在附近建职工宿舍）
3.不用减少三个班的时间，可减少夜班时间。

yjwn1987UID: 2495078

TOPIC: ARGUMENT14 - The following appeared in a memo from the owner of Green Thumb Gardening Center, a small business serving a suburban town.

"There is evidence that consumers are becoming more and more interested in growing their own vegetables. A national survey conducted last month indicated that many consumers were dissatisfied with the quality of fresh vegetables available in supermarkets. And locally, the gardening magazine Great Gardens has sold out at the Village News stand three months in a row. Thus, we at Green Thumb Gardening Center can increase our profits by greatly expanding the variety of vegetable seeds we stock for gardeners this coming spring."
WORDS: 5          TIME: 00:03:18          DATE: 2009-6-5 下午 04:34:07

1.对超市菜不满不代表会自己去种菜 （没时间；去菜市场买）
2.园艺杂志根本不讲怎么种菜。
3.就算讲种菜，卖完也有可能是（出版量减少；出版社的促销政策）
   更别提卖多种种子能挣钱。

yjwn1987UID: 2495078

TOPIC: ARGUMENT15 - The following appeared in a newsletter offering advice to investors.

"Over 80 percent of the respondents to a recent survey indicated a desire to reduce their intake of foods containing fats and cholesterol, and today low-fat products abound in many food stores. Since many of the food products currently marketed by Old Dairy Industries are high in fat and cholesterol, the company's sales are likely to diminish greatly and their profits will no doubt decrease. We therefore advise Old Dairy stockholders to sell their shares and other investors not to purchase stock in this company."
WORDS: 14          TIME: 00:03:11          DATE: 2009-6-5 下午 04:55:25

1.人们不能do as the say.（food containing fats and cholesterol is delicious)
2.Old Dairy 也可以改变他们的产品主打方向 （同时具备很好的口碑和研究力量和风味）

yjwn1987UID: 2495078

TOPIC: ARGUMENT16 - The following appeared in a letter to the editor of a local newspaper from a citizen of the state of Impecunia.

"Two years ago our neighboring state, Lucria, began a state lottery to supplement tax revenues for education and public health. Today, Lucria spends more per pupil than we do, and Lucria's public health program treats far more people than our state's program does. If we were to establish a state lottery like the one in Lucria, the profits could be used to improve our educational system and public health program. The new lottery would doubtless be successful, because a survey conducted in our capital city concludes that citizens of Impecunia already spend an average of $50 per person per year on gambling."
WORDS: 9          TIME: 00:03:47          DATE: 2009-6-5 下午 05:02:45

1.在Impecunia ，lottery 是不合法的。
2.没证据说是乐透带来的利益使公共投入增加 （政府政策；经济发展）
3.即使本州也办乐透，不一定获利 （capital city 的survey不能说明当地情况，也许清教徒较多大家不喜欢赌博）