“大洋彼岸之风”hahalala 备考日志

hahalalaUID: 2613918

目标：5+  1400+
个人格言：金刚非坚，愿力最坚！


茕茕~华丽丽哒开始备考啦~~

hahalalaUID: 2613918

5月26日-6月6日日程安排

	一	二	三	四	五	六	日
五月		26 单词 一篇issue作业 选修课论文	27 单词 研读范文Issue×1、argument×2 选修课论文	28 单词 研读范文issue×1、 argument×2 练习列提纲 练argument 专业课论文 复习英语考试	29 单词 研读范文issue×1、 argument×2 练习列提纲 专业课论文 复习马原和英语	30 单词 研读范文issue×1、 argument×2 练习列提纲 专业课论文 选修课论文	31 单词 双学位 练习提纲 阅读文献 专业课论文
六月	1 单词 练习提纲 口语考试	2 单词 练习提纲 （若有时间写一篇issue） 复习英语	3 单词 看范文 逻辑学考试 专业课论文	4 单词 看范文 复习专业课 和军理	5 单词 看范文 复习英语	6 复习英语 单词 看范文	7 期末考试

6月7号-21号期末考
目前GRE单词背了一遍，正在背TOEFL单词，末考前可背完，末考后开始重背GRE。。。
此为末考前两周的日程安排，末考后的待定~~。。。

hahalalaUID: 2613918

以下是我的5月25日作业，这可是我的第一篇哦~~O(∩_∩)O~
由于素材积累不够，所以基本没有例子，请各位多多批评、提出修改建议~



5、"A nation should require all its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college rather than allow schools in different parts of the nation to determine which academic courses to offer."教育类 出现频数：69

我的提纲：
1、在这个论断中有两层意思：
1）、应由国家统一制定课程而非让各地方学校决定课程安排；
2）、要求所有学生在进入大学前都学习由国家统一制定的课程。我的观点：在一定程度上不同意。

2、诚然，全国统一的课程可以保证各地区的教育不受地方的局限，从而使各地学生获得同等的教育资源以及平等的求学机会。

3、但是，我认为有国家统一安排课程是不妥的。
1）、难以真正实施。一个国家的不同地区，影响其教育的经济、文化、习俗都不尽相同（在此举例：乡村与都市or东部与西部）；
2）、教学效果不佳。由于上面所说各地教学背景不同，如果国家统一制定则不能依据各校学生的实际情况做出适当的安排，这样会对教学效果有一定影响。因此，由国家统一制定课程在其进行过程中将会遇到许多问题。

4、同时，对学生个人而言，要求所有学生再进大学前学习统一课程也是不明智的。虽然有些基础知识是所有学生都应该学习的，但是这并不一定需要由国家来统一安排，国家统一安排课程会使用相同的教材并导致相同的教学模式，这样只会培养出千篇一律的学生，有碍于国家人才多样化；此外，每个学生都有不同的天赋与兴趣爱好，统一的课程无疑阻碍了学生的个性发展、压制了他们的创造力。中国有句古语叫做“因材施教”，故，对待不同的学生应由学校安排适当的课程。

5、总而言之，国家应视情况而定，允许各地方学校自行安排，这样才有利于教学的实施以及人才的培养。


与本题相关的是第51题：education will be truly effective only when it is specifically designed to meet the individual needs and interests of each student.正好与本题相反。



正文：
The speaker’s claim is actually twofold: 1)A nation should establish the same national curriculum rather than allow schools in different regions to decide which courses to offer;2)All the students should learn the same national curriculum. At the first glance, this opinion seems to be somewhat appealing, but further reflection tells me that I cannot agree with it , at least to some extent.

Admittedly, the uniform curriculum designed by nation’s authority could prevent the limitations of different areas, thus, all the students could gain the same educational resources as well as equal opportunities to further study.

However, it is not a very effective measure that nation designs the same national courses. First of all, it would be hard-pressed to carry out. In the different parts of nation, there are different economy, cultural, custom, etc., which would have influence on local education. For instance,………Secondly, it may not get a favorable impact .As the differences in different areas, the uniform curriculum could not depend on the actual situation of each school. Therefore, the nation could not offer suitable courses for the students and couldn’t have the desired effect on education. Accordingly, it would be facing lots of problems in the process of the national uniform courses carrying out.

Another reason is that, for the students themselves, requiring all the students to study the same national curriculum is not very sensible. Although some knowledge is so fundamental that every student should learn it, that can’t be equated with same courses offered by nation. The national uniform courses would have the same teaching materials and would easily lead to the same teaching pattern, which may teach out the same students rather than the all kinds. And that would be harmful to the talents various for nation. On the other hand, every student has his or her own talents and interests. The national same courses would certainly hinder the individual development and their creativities. There’s an old Chinese motto saying that “teaching depends on character of each student”, thereby, to the different students, the school should make a different courses offer.

To sum up, due to analysis and reasons mentioned above, which sometimes correlate with each other to form an organic whole and thus become more persuasive than any one of them, we may be comfortable to say that a nation should make a decision depends on the different situations and allow schools in different regions to determine which academic courses to offer. Thus, it would have many advantages to educate and cultivate students.

窟窟UID: 2644755

The speaker’s claim is actually twofold: 1)A nation should establish the same national curriculum rather than allow schools in different regions to decide which courses to offer;2)All the students should learn the same national curriculum. At the first glance, this opinion seems to be somewhat appealing, but further reflection tells me that I cannot agree with it , at least to some extent.(有点像argue首段呵``)

Admittedly, the uniform curriculum designed by nation’s authority could prevent the limitations of different areas, thus, all the students could gain the same educational resources as well as equal opportunities to further study.(我觉得统一的课程,能从某种避免上避免偏科或忽视某些课程,比如为了高考一些学校取消了美术音乐体育课等.而教育资源有很多,如师资力量,教学设施等,同样的课程并不能保证消除此类差异)我觉得此段说服力不是很强,呵呵.说错的话要反驳我哦..

However, it is not a very effective measure that nation designs the same national courses. First of all, it would be hard-pressed to carry out. In the different parts of nation, there are different economy, cultural, custom, etc., which would have influence(produce huge influence) on local education. For instance,………Secondly, it may not get a favorable impact(implementing uniform curriculum would likely lead to negative impact) .As the differences in different areas, the uniform curriculum could not depend on the actual situation of each school. Therefore, the nation could not offer suitable courses for the students and couldn’t have the desired effect on education. Accordingly, it would be facing lots of problems in the process of the national uniform courses carrying out.我觉得该段first of all 和 secondly 都在讲各地差异对课程实施的影响，既然要否定题目观点，那么直接举忽视特殊性将造成的不良后果，就行了。

Another reason is that, for the students themselves, requiring all the students to study the same national curriculum is not very sensible. Although some knowledge is so fundamental that every student should learn it, that can’t be equated with same courses offered by nation. it does not mean that same courses should be offered by nation （本句语法错误,不知道我改后是否扭曲句意呵``）The national uniform courses would have the same teaching materials and would easily lead to the same teaching pattern due to the same teaching materials(把前面拉到后面来), which may teach out the same students rather than the all kinds.（不太理解呵``） And that would be harmful to the talents various for nation. On the other hand, every student has his or her own talents and interests. The national same courses would certainly hinder the individual development and constrain their creativities. There’s an old Chinese motto saying that “teaching depends on character of each student”（我想知道英译有几个版本，嘿嘿，上次查到个teaching students according to their aptitude）, thereby, to the different students, the school should make a different courses offer.（这一段语言可以在精炼点，有些句子看不懂或者比较平淡。）

To sum up, due to analysis and reasons mentioned above, which sometimes correlate with each other to form an organic whole and thus become more persuasive than any one of them, we may be comfortable to say that a nation should make a decision depends on the different situations and allow schools in different regions to determine which academic courses to offer. （这句话好长阿``）Thus, it would have many advantages to educate and cultivate students.

我觉得该文观点较明确，但缺乏说服力的论证和例子，第一篇能写这样已经不错了哈~~
这是我第一次改作文,有什么不妥的地方,多多指教哈``

hahalalaUID: 2613918

4# 窟窟 谢谢窟窟~~O(∩_∩)O~等期末完细看~~

hahalalaUID: 2613918

5月27日第二次作业~
呀呀呀~期末了，先把提纲发来~剩下的考完试一定会补上的。。。~~   ~> <~   ~~咩咩


Issue：
1、we can usually learn much more from people whose views we share than from people whose views contradict our own; disagreement can cause stress and inhibit learning.
我的提纲：
论点：别人的意见对个人学习的影响因人而异。
1、每个人的内心都渴望得到别人的认同，当别人意见与个人意见一致时，个人的自尊心得到满足，并认为个人的价值与能力得到认可，从而更加积极的学习。同时，统一的意见可以使双方增进交流，加深个人对同一问题的理解，从而学到更多的知识。
2、尽管意见不一致可能会给个人带来压力，但它并不一定会阻碍学习。不同的意见既可带来压力也可以带来动力，关键看个人怎样对待它。若将压力转化为动力，激发学习兴趣，进行新的思考，弥补自身不足，便可以获得更加全面的知识，这对学习是非常有利的。
3、即使不统一的意见会对个人学习造成一定影响，但是他人意见对个人学习效果的影响并非绝对的。影响个人学习效果的因素很多，不同的人会有不同的效果。例如：一个极易自我满足的人在听到相同的意见后，会满足于现状而不思进取，停滞不前；相反，一个虚心的人在听到不同意见时则会用心学习，完善自我，从而学到更多的知识。
4、由此甚至可以说，一个人的学习效果与他人的意见并无太大关系，而是更多的取决于个人的学习态度。一个对知识渴求度不高的人，在遇到不同意见时极有可能受到打击而放弃学习；而一个乐于学习的人，无论在怎样的环境和他人的看法中都会取得良好的学习效果学到更多知识。

与第1题相关的题：
122、we owe almost all our knowledge not to people who have agreed, but to people who have disagreed.
我的提纲：
论点：人们掌握知识的途径是多样的，既可源于意见不同者，也可源于意见相同者。
1、意见不同者可以为我们提出新的知识，激发学习兴趣，使认识臻于全面。
2、但是，意见相同者同样可以带给我们知识，并不断加深我们对同一知识的认识。
3、关键看个人，只要虚心学习，不论是从意见相同者那里还是从意见不同者那里都可以学到知识。


7、the video camera provides such an accurate and convincing record of contemporary life that it has become more important form of documentation than written records.
我的提纲：
论点：摄像机虽然在记录当代生活中发挥重大作用，但这并不意味着它是一种比书面记录更加重要的记录方式。
1、摄像技术为我们的生活带来了极大的便捷，摄像机作为一种记录的新手段，可以相对客观的记录事件，并以图像将其再现出来，使人们感觉真实生动，给大家带来新的体验与乐趣。
2、虽然摄像机可以记录图像，再现过去的场景，但是他却并非是一种精确而有力的记录手段。摄像机的记录受其所处位置、环境、时间以及操作者等的限制与影响，它记录下的事件有可能是不全面的，或者是表面的，这样也就谈不上精确而有力了。
3、即使摄像机可以精确而有力地记录再现事件，也不代表它是一种比书面记录更重要的记录手段。正如上文所述，摄像记录会受到方方面面的影响，有些场合并不适用它做记录，而书面记录作为一种最传统、最便捷的记录方式仍然在现代社会中发挥着重大作用。
4、同时，虽然摄像记录的图像再现会使观赏者在视觉的上得到一定的满足，但是图像的再现却限制了人们的想象力，而文字的记录则留给人们更多的思维空间。两者在现代生活中都是必不可少的。

与第7题相关的题目：
38、in the age of television, reading books is not as important as it once was. people can learn as much by watching television as they can by reading books.
我的提纲：
论点：电视时代读书依然重要，甚至更加重要。
1、电视时代给我们带来了多种多样的电视节目和丰富的新信息与新知识，这些信息与知识可能是我们从书本上学习不到的。
2、尽管电视提供给我们大量的信息与知识，但是它以电视机作为载体，使人们收看它的时间与地点都受到了极大的限制；此外，虽然电视有很多频道，但是他的节目是由电视台安排的，而非我们自己自由选择的。因此，从电视获取信息受到多种制约，而不像书本那样随时随地，可自由挑选。
3、即使电视带给人的知识与书本一样多，电视以图像声音呈现会限制人们思维，形成定势思维；而读书则可随意发挥想象力与创造力，得到更多的乐趣。且一些书籍经典也是电视中所没有的。
4、在电视时代，技术进步日新月异，人们的生活节奏也不断加快，从而使人们更加乐于从电视中获取快捷的信息，但是在紧张之余，人们更应为自己的心灵留下一片空地，让阅读书籍带来的智慧启迪滋润自己的心田。


8、it is often necessary, even desirable, for political leaders to withhold information from the public.
我的提纲：
论点：领导者向大众隐瞒信息是否必要，甚至有益要视情况而定。
1、 领导者向大众隐瞒信息sometimes是必要，甚至有益的。针对性的隐瞒一些特定事件，例如：灾情、疫情、犯罪率等等，可以维护社会安定，稳定民心。试想若将这些事件的真实数据公布于众，必然会引起社会的恐慌，影响社会安定和人民生活。
2、一个领导者必然会代表一个群体的利益，为了他所在群体的利益，他必然会向公众隐瞒一些信息，然而这些信息的隐瞒也有可能带给大众不利的影响。若一个人为了他的某些私利或个人的欲望而隐瞒某些信息，则会导致人民的盲从，同时也会给人民带来沉重的灾难与伤害（例：希特勒法西斯；日本隐瞒侵华真相）因此领导者隐瞒信息是否有必要且有益，要看它隐藏的是怎样的信息。
3、人民大众推举一个人为领导者，是希望他能为他们的利益而着想，因此作为一个领导者，它代表的应当是人民的利益。如果一个领导者向公众隐瞒了不该隐瞒的信息，他将会失去公众对他的信任，进而失去其领导者地位。同时，也会导致公众对其监督的力度减弱，从而不利于国家的发展。


与第8题相关的题目：
167、it is impossible for an effective political leader to tell truth all the time. complete honesty is not a useful virtue for a politician.
我的提纲：
论点：尽管对于一个英明的领导者来说不可能总是坦白，但是诚实仍是一个政治家应该遵守的美德。
1、作为一个effective political leader，他要权衡多种利益，因此不可能坦白一切。适当的隐瞒于公于私均有好处。
2、虽然不能总是坦白，但不等于诚实对于一个政治家是无用的。
①effective political leader不等于politician，因此两者在处事时便存在差异
②it is impossible to tell truth all the time不等于complete honesty is not a useful virtue，前者是一种政治手段，而后者则关乎人的品德