[YB-1]7月3日作业 by weenbopper

weenbopperUID: 2423595

13"Many of the world's lesser-known languages are being lost as fewer and fewer people speak them. The governments of countries in which these languages are spoken should act to prevent such languages from becoming extinct."

Language, which has been emphasized as a mean to communicate transmit value and standard and preserve and propaganda culture, own peerless position in the development of human history and culture. However, some lesser-know languages are losing their popularity and even basic function in communication, in this sense, it is the obligation for the government and citizens in these country to preserve their mother tongue at every possibility. My reasons are detailed as follow.

To begin with, the ever deep and comprehensive interaction of countries in multifarious aspects is the most solid impetus for the extinction of these languages. Nowadays, the Chinese people might be attracted by the high-tech and unparallel living standard in United States; the American would also be influenced by the beautiful scenery and renaissance buildings in Italy; the Italians would also envy the casual lifestyle in Australia; the Australians; in turn, would also be fond of the splendid history and colorful culture of China. Without any exaggeration, this cycle could even cover all the hundreds of countries all around the world. And this is the most fundamental impetus for interaction, tourism and even emigration on the planet. Also, the development of various kinds of technologies, which has knitted our world to a seamless web of information, and also became increasingly narrow planet, provides the stunningly convenience that highly makes possible our intercontinental tourism and emigration. Even within our own country we can not escape the effect of globalization. An alternative explanation may be that those countless international companies inevitably bring the effect of their nations. All too often, we can observe some officers and engineers who even speak English as fluently as the native.

Except for the worldwide communication, the powerful promotion of some countries further fuel up these extinction. For example, English, the official language of United States and United Kingdom, is consciously and subconsciously propagandized by the two countries, pushes its irresistible effect and popularity.And it can be  exemplified by all the individuals in the classroom who are racking their mind to conquer the GRE test in order to assure the superiority in applying the top universities in United States. Furthermore, the extraordinary importance in work field of this multicultural stew pot adds another proof to my statement that English is stretching its influence to the outside; simultaneously, effaces the brilliance of other languages.

However, those countries should try their best to preserve the unique languages for the basic function in communication, culture, history and; perhaps most importantly, demonstrating the unique characteristics of citizens and their belonging countries. We can glimpse at the romance of French, the hospitality of Chinese people, the enthusiasm of Spanish, the seriousness for German and politeness of Japanese all from their languages. Just from this perspective, it is the responsibility of every individuals and nations to conserve their own native languages at every possibility. Actually, there were numerous countries and tribes have realized this danger and carried out efficient to methods. The North people in Canadian’s insist on utilizing French is ostensibly far-fetched, but it is quite rational from their point. China, boasting its cultural diversity, adds further credence to my point. In order to preserve their identity and unique culture, some minor tribes, such as Hui, Zang and Miao, revised curriculum in elementary schools. Also language has irreplaceable function in transmitting unique value and standard and serves as solid proof of power of every country.

In a nutshell, since the irresistible power of some major languages, their lesser-know counterparts are extinct or even have withered away in the past years, however, all the people and nations should support their own languages with greatest efforts for showing the identity in culture and civil, for transmitting value and standard and for proving the power.

weenbopperUID: 2423595

53. Thirteen years ago, researchers studied a group of 25 infants who showed signs of mild distress when exposed to unfamiliar stimuli such as an unusual odor or a tape recording of an unknown voice. They discovered that these infants were more likely than other infants to have been conceived in early autumn, a time when their mothers' production of melatonin-a hormone known to affect some brain functions-would naturally increase in response to decreased daylight. In a follow-up study conducted earlier this year, more than half of these children-now teenagers-who had shown signs of distress identified themselves as shy. Clearly, increased levels of melatonin before birth cause shyness during infancy and this shyness continues into later life.

The arguer makes a statement that melatonin before birth cause shyness both during infancy and later life. To substantiate this claim, the arguer cites the result of a serial study which demonstrates that when facing to stimuli, there is a higher possibility of distress in the infants conceived in a time when their mother possess the highest production of melatonin; and the follow-up study after thirteen years shows shyness, which is claimed the identification to distress in the statement, from these once children. A careful analysis and examination would reveal how groundless this conclusion is.

At first, the amount of people in the experiment is too small to be rational. When just sorting 25 infants out of the countless ones, no one can guarantee that these infants did not own any possibility in inborn distress to unfamiliar stimuli. For instance, those ones who often hear earsplitting noise during incubation would be more sensitive to the unknown voice. Also, the infants who possess extraordinary innate ability in the sense of smell would understandably have more serious reflection to unusual odor. Furthermore, in the follow-up study, there is only less than 13 individuals show shyness, which definitely adds further possibility to the accidental chance.

Subsequently, the arguer fails to consider other factors that may trigger distress. In the infant period, the mothers’ unhealthy habit would highly possible increase their sensitivity to the unfamiliar stimuli. Even we farfetched accept these infants were born every little the same, the sharp difference in growth would also diminish their identity. Their personalities, personal experiences, value, standard, education and their parents’ influence can affect their distress to some extent. And thus we have very reason to doubt the trustworthiness of this study.

Finally, this statement is based on a misinterpretation—shyness is not equal to distress. When expressing love to girls, we might show shyness; however, it is not distress rather happiness. Also, some people are inherently shy. Without any exaggeration, a bashful singer would feel embarrassed even in his adept performance, but it is not distress either. In this sense, the unconvincing statement is vulnerable.

weenbopperUID: 2423595

不好意思,前几天网络down了,所以没按时交作业
帮昨天的补上!!!