096G 670+800+4.5 我的AW备考计划及一点经验 [复制链接]

quasicrystal
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发表于 2009-7-5 20:25:18 |显示全部楼层

第一次写经验贴，不多说废话了，直接入正题了:loveliness:

英语底子：TOEIC（大一上）875/990
            四级（大一下）629
            六级（大二上）605
            大二下英国伦敦交换半年，考了IELTS 7 （8 7.5 6 7）口语丢人了...
            大三上（2008年10月18日）Toefl 106 (29 28 22 27) 口语还是鸡肋了点...
            大三下G.
主要英语学习方法：美剧和参加各类考试

G备考计划：
2008年10月20开始到12月期末考试，报了2月27日AW,以每天一个单元的速度背完第一遍红宝。买了《北美范文精讲》和《作文大讲堂》，看了一点点范文，写了几个ARGU提纲。

2008年寒假，银行实习两周，期间写过7，8篇ARGU 370-420多字（ISSUE不敢尝试）后去上海上新东方（朋友都去了北京，个人觉得上海的讲得更实用点）。王少华的词汇，柏之菁的填空，唐家琦的作文（他讲的ARGU是要大赞的），和郑马骏的阅读。

在新东方，每天除了按要求完成黄皮书作业之外，就是准备作文。15天，每天两篇ARGU 每篇时间29分钟，每天一篇ISSUE
主要参考书：北美范文，作文大讲堂（这个后来没怎么用），学校一学姐分享的5.5的经验小书（大赞，入门上选），ETS寄来的Practice Book，黄皮书作文教程，唐家琦的作文讲义。
软件及电子资料：AWP173 金山打字通
总写作量：ARGU44篇，ISSUE15篇
提纲：ARGU把黄皮书题目全看了一遍，也涂了一遍
      ISSUE全国高频前80和09年2月全国高频
经验：ARGU一定要有自己的提纲，每个逻辑错误都要有不同的段子。（虽然自己很讨厌模板，但是有模板真的很受用）每个错误要按出现的顺序列出让步关系。但是我写了模板之后没有系统地背下来，而是在练习  时有点随性地挑句子套进去。因为写过的句式多，所以换起来就很轻松。
      考试时ARGU遇到了蜥蜴晒太阳的那题，写了四个错误，其中有三个都是以偏概全，幸亏自己平时没有死记模板，否则考场上句式的变化就有点困难了。
      版上说ARGU字数不是越多越好，但是唐家琦却很推崇字多。他给我们看一篇满分文章，近600字，四个逻辑错误。他说，这是他希望我们达到的高度，毕竟有时间写出600字ARGU的人不是很多。于是我就从三个逻辑错误加到四个，拼命地练熟连接和评论句型，提高打字速度，最后字数基本在550—610之间。
      ISSUE部分，我没有模板，因为怕雷同连作文大讲堂都没怎么看，基本都是自己写提纲，虽然很痛苦。。。我的提纲基本是五段，开头喜欢想个例子（比如说有题说LEADER应该不超过五年任期，我就举了前美联储主席格林斯潘），中间是一段让步观点，两段支撑自己观点，最后总结。属于比较传统和保守的准备方法。在写提纲过程中挑出想举的人名事迹，列出来，到WIKI上找具体资料和英文说法，避开了所有令ETS恶心的老例子，主要以自己金融专业的著名人物事迹找例子。另外自己比较喜欢影视娱乐，就还找了些如伊莉莎白泰勒这样的明星例子。一起备考的室友还让朋友找了数理化一类比较新的获奖或发明创造例子。
      考试那天遇到的ISSUE是当月高频，就是政治人物应不应该保持最高道德标准那个。自己觉得不好写，但是练习时写过，例子和思路都记得很清楚，几乎是默写...

      下面附上考试当天的题目和之前习作（ISSUE和ARGU与考场发挥相似度90%），当然因为只是4.5，所以应该是ISSUE3+ARGU6，ISSUE跟5分以上大牛们是不好比的。大家可以看看4.5的水平吧，做个参考。:loveliness:
      TOPIC: ISSUE43 - "To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards."
WORDS: 710
TIME: 00:45:00
DATE: 2009-2-19 10:13:46

Leaders, especially those who stand in front of the public in politics, business, military force, requires high standard of qualities which might include courage, persistence, tolerance and so forth. Beyond all the virtues, ethical and moral standard caught public's eyes. It seems that every time we judge a leader, the excellent achievement they had led to is somehow overshadowed by sandals, even slander made by competitors, relating to ethical flaws. When it comes to moral duty and obligations, people like me could not help it wonder: must public officials maintain the highest ethnical and moral standards? Or perhaps, we should accept the fact that no one is perfect and therefore tolerate and understand their minor mistakes at moral field in a reasonable way. I generally hold the latter view.

To begin with, the author might overlook a fact that difficulty might occur when it comes to the definition of highest ethical and moral standards. In fact, the role models being admired the most are either perfect gods or imperfect human beings. Every human being, as long as he/she has frailties-emotions like greed, anger, gluttony, selfishness, lust and so forth, make mistakes once in a while. Just because leaders turn a wrong direction at the road to so-called highest ethical and moral obligations, does not indicate that they are not as effective as they used to be concerning their achievement at work and their contribution to the country or the world. For example, Thomas Jefferson, the 3rd president of America, who compiled and published the declaration of Independence and fight against racial discrimination, once owned salves at his family. In this case, did his minor flaws outweigh his achievement? No, of course.

Admittedly, it is crucial to keep high standard of ethic and moral values especially if leaders are in need for the support from the public population. Leaders who committed a huge ethical fallacy may soon be accused by the public and left their position for good. For instance, the latest financial securities fraud case about Bernard Madoff, who used to be the chairman of Wall Street firm Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC, was found cheating for money from investors for over 21 years. As soon as the scandal came out, he was thrown into the nadir of his life: not only losing his job but also facing law suit and imprisonment. This also reminds me an old story about Gorge Washington, the first and one of the greatest presidents in United States of America, told his father about him cutting a peach tree by accident. Although the honesty virtue might not be the only factor that led to his future success, it was more or less a good indication of a leader's ethical values. As a result, I generally believe the importance of leaders holding a modest level of ethical and moral values.

However, although I concede that people do expect high level of moral and ethical standards from leaders; still, no highest levels are realistic or even necessary to achieve. In fact, some of those who turned out to be flawed in their moral duties and ethical behaviors remained to be honored and admired by the public for their extraordinary contributions to the world. For instance, Deng Xiaoping, one of the former political leaders of China, was once accused of setting orders to shoot those students going on strike about human rights at Tiananmen Square in 1988. However, no matter whether or not the judgment is true, after all those years, when we evaluate his achievements and mistakes, the fascinating development because of his policy of open and perform, the dramatically growing speed of GDP all outshine possible flaws during his appointment. Hence, those who committed a moral mistake can still be effective leaders.

Moreover, apart form ethical requirements, there're some other factors that play even significant roles in leaders career. For military force, a leader needs to be full of strength and energy, to know how to improve soldiers’ morale. For business management and investment, a leader must remain consistent to his principles and objectives as well as the ability to sense the challenge and make changes through the trend. For politicians, a leader must be foresighted, persistence and so on.

In the final analysis, we can conclude that moral and ethnical duties and obligations constitute an important part of the values and beliefs of an effective leader. On the other hand, no highest ethnical and moral standards are necessary for the success whereas some other factors, such as courage, persistence and foresight, are what determine the effectiveness of leaders.

TOPIC: ARGUMENT207 - It is known that in recent years, industrial pollution has caused the Earth's ozone layer to thin, allowing an increase in the amount of ultraviolet radiation that reaches the Earth's surface. At the same time, scientists have discovered, the population of a species of salamander that lays its eggs in mountain lakes has declined. Since ultraviolet radiation is known to be damaging to delicate tissues and since salamander eggs have no protective shells, it must be the case that the increase in ultraviolet radiation has damaged many salamander eggs and prevented them from hatching. This process will no doubt cause population declines in other species, just as it has in the salamander species.
WORDS: 565
TIME: 00:29:00
DATE: 2009-2-19 10:13:46

Such a conclusion is drawn by the author, in this argument, as that the thinner layer of the Earth's ozone will cause population decline of other species apart from salamander. To validate the conclusion, the author cites on the increasing amount of ultraviolet radiation that reaches the Earth's surface along with the decline of eggs laid by a species of salamander. Additionally, the author also reasons the damages of ultraviolet radiation to delicate tissues. However, the foregoing supporting evidence the argument based on is not as credible as it seems after close scrutiny; therefore, result in logically unconvincing in several aspects.

To begin with, the author unfairly states that eggs laid by salamander which have no protective shells can also be damaged by the ultraviolet radiation just as delicate tissues. Yet, no evidence is provided to support this claim. Perhaps, those eggs have their own protective mechanism inside themselves without shells for protection; therefore can keep damaging radiation from outside. If so, the author can not convince me that salamander eggs will be affected by the thinner Earth's ozone.

In addition, the author commits a fallacy of "cum hoc, ergo proper hoc" by assuming the raise of ultraviolent radiation reaching the Earth is the only reason for the decreased number of eggs laid by the salamander. However, no proof is provided to substantiate it. Perhaps, some other reasons actually cause the phenomenon of less reproduction. For that matter, it is entirely possible that the ability of salamander producing eggs are declined for its own physical function failure or the preference of laying eggs in mountain lakes have changed. Or even perhaps more eggs were eaten by predators. Either scenario, if true, would lend little support to the author's claim, let alone give any reference to further discussion.

Furthermore, even assuming ultraviolet radiation is the reason that should be blamed for the decline of eggs laid by this species of salamander, it is still of high suspect about the assertion that the radiation will prevent many eggs from salamander hatching as well. Common sense dictates that salamander of different species can vary significantly in living habits, egg condition and reproduction ability. As no information is mentioned about other species of salamanders because of the radiation, we can not conclude that the future population of other salamanders will be affected as well.

Finally, granted that hatching of salamander is prevented by the ultraviolet radiation increase, the author still unreasonably argues that the same situation will happen on other species. However, the author overlooks the variance between salamander and other species. For instance, some species who laid eggs with thick shells can not be affected by the damage of radiation. Or perhaps, some species may be much better at producing large number of eggs and hatching at a quicker and more effective speed. What's more, the author ignores the possibility of species gaining benefits from the radiation and even result in increase their population. Without accounting for possible difference between those creatures, we can not confidently generate the population decline of other species.

To sum up, the argument is not well supported on the basis of scant evidence provided. Consequently, not until sufficient information is gathered including the cause-and-effect relationship between less eggs and the ultraviolet radiation when other reasons are concerned, the possible effects on the hatching of eggs by salamander, the variance between different species react to the increasing ultraviolet radiation, can we come to a more insightful and persuasive decision.