ARGUMENT188 =August Rush=小组第5次作业 by Mason.PD

Mason.PDUID: 2592013

188.A new report suggests that men and women experience pain very differently from one another, and that doctors should consider these differences when prescribing pain medications. When researchers administered the same dosage of kappa opioids-a painkiller-to 28 men and 20 women who were having their wisdom teeth extracted, the women reported feeling much less pain than the men, and the easing of pain lasted considerably longer in women. This research suggests that kappa opioids should be prescribed for women whenever pain medication is required, whereas men should be given other kinds of pain medication. In addition, researchers should reevaluate the effects of all medications on men versus women.

一项新报告表明，男性和女性对于疼痛的感受是有显著差异的，医生在开止痛药方的时候应该考虑到这种差异。当研究者把相同剂量的kappa

opioids--一种止痛药--分发给智齿刚刚被拔除的28名男子和20名女子的时候，女性报告的她们感受的痛楚要比男性小的多，而且止痛的时间女性更长。这一研究说明当需要止痛药时，应该给女性服用kappa

opioids，而应该给男性服用其他的止痛药。而且，研究人员应该重新评估所有药品对于男性以及女性的效用。

提纲（比较草 别介意啊）

1实验样本不足（这个有数字可以驳斥）身体痛感能否作为标准？

2kappa  opioids比同类药物都好？没有对照组。女性止痛长时间是否是kappa  opioids造成的？

3疼痛感是否是要求研究人员重新评估药品的标准？疗效。。

Mason.PDUID: 2592013

TOPIC: ARGUMENT188 - A new report suggests that men and women experience pain very differently from one another, and that doctors should consider these differences when prescribing pain medications. When researchers administered the same dosage of kappa opioids-a painkiller-to 28 men and 20 women who were having their wisdom teeth extracted, the women reported feeling much less pain than the men, and the easing of pain lasted considerably longer in women. This research suggests that kappa opioids should be prescribed for women whenever pain medication is required, whereas men should be given other kinds of pain medication. In addition, researchers should reevaluate the effects of all medications on men versus women.
WORDS: 491
TIME: 00:50:35

DATE: 2009/7/21 23:17:12

Grounding on a new report involved about the different degrees about men and women experience pain, and considering the study showing that the women feel less pain than the men after using Kappa opioids after extracting their wisdom teeth, the author concludes that Kappa opioids should be applied for women, not for men whenever pain medication is required. He also states that researchers should reevaluate the effects of all medications on both man and women. However, there are still some intermediate steps that one should think about before jumping into the conclusion.

To begin with, the study is too weak to bolster the arguer' opinion, if it is merely operated like the report states. First, the experiment sample is so limited. Are 28 men and 20 women adequate to show the different degrees of pain? Maybe the 48 samples are so small that it happens to show the coincidence that women feel much less and longer pain. Second, the experiments result is so vague. We can not accept the pain feelings given by the tested men and women as the result. As we know, the feelings vary from different individuals. So feelings can not be easily determined as the criterion. Lacking such evidence, the author can not draw any conclusion saying women should use Kappa opioiods while men use others.

Moreover, it is presumptuous to conclude that Kappa opioiods should only be prescribed for women whenever pain medication is required. This experiment lacks some control groups. What about the ones feel who does not use any kinds of pain medicine, and what about the ones feel who uses other kinds of pain medication? It is likely that people feel less pain if they do not use Kappa opioiods or they use other ones. Besides, the considerably longer pains of women need to be questioned. Does the long pain caused by the Kappa opioiods? Without ruling out the alternatives above, the author can not make any conclusion.

Last but not the least, even if the Kappa opioiods do have a more significant positive effect on women than men in all the aspects, the author still commits a false analogy. No evidence are proved that all medications are same with the Kappa opioiods when dealing with the pains varying from men to women. Apart from that, the author alleges researchers should reevaluate the effects of all medications based on the different pain on men versus women. Is it worth to do so only because the different pain? It is said that, a good medicine tastes bitter. We focus on the effects on both sexes, not only the pain.

To sum up, judging from the aforementioned analysis, the author fails to make his conclusion convinced. To bolster his conclusion, the author should provide more detail about the study. He also need to evaluate the value to retest all medications. Apart from these, I strong recommend the study to be tested again, adding some control groups, considering other possibilities into considerations.

crepuscularlywUID: 2645654

附件~