issue43 天道酬勤小组7.6作业

DavidBoyUID: 2140040

题目：ISSUE 43 - "To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards."
字数：371          用时：0:46:52          日期：2007-7-5
An effective leader should have a high level of ethinical and moral santands,however, emphsizing that to a too important level is not necessary and even harmful.

To begin with, the public official acting as a role of power and prestige, have more affection on other people or even a nation's destiny. A public official with high ethinical and moral standards would lead the nation to a bright future. To the opposite, a leader with a greedy and jealous heart may lead the nation to the hell. Take Yuan Shikai in Chinese for example, a careerist whose ambition is just to be the emperor, took no care about what living is the people holding. During the time he being the leader of China, Chinese people were having a terreble lives. The poors were not able to keep living that a lot of people had to sell thier childen. A public official without morality could only bring the public miserable lives.

What is more, a public official usually making important dicission for the public or the nation,  must have a high ethical and moral standards to support that. Or the public won't believe in him or her and vote for him or her. To be aeffective leader must have the public's trust so the command and instruct would have person to follow. Every person should be moral while the public official offen has more eyes on that anything not moral may be discovered easily. Only a moral one can win public and last long.

However, ethical and moral standards are important part of a leader, therefore it doesn't mean all the quality a leader should have is only quality or a public official has a high ethical and moral must be a effective leader. There are also other qualities that a effective leader should hold equally: capability, insight,affinity and intelligence and so on.Too emphasize on the moral level will conduct the public to a erroneous way.

To sum up, a high ethical and moral standards are important part for a public official to be an effective leader. While there are other qualities an effective leader should hold that we can't emphasize the moral level to too high a place that it doesnt deserve.

[ 本帖最后由 DavidBoy 于 2007-7-7 14:17 编辑 ]

DavidBoyUID: 2140040

态度：negative
1，   高德高尚并不是优秀领导人的条件
2，  以私德来评价领导人，反而会产生反效果
3，  应该通过良好的制度和法纪来保证优秀的领导人的产生。

No matter the five great emperors’ tale about the daybreak of China civilization, or the records of King David in the Bible, represent similarly the human nature, oriental and occidental , ancient or modern, of hoping be governed by morally stainlessness leaders. Therefore, it is nature public inclining to judge a public official by his/her ethical and moral performance. Ironically, the following statement will demonstrate that is an unwise choice.

To begin with, only in Utopia should the public official be chosen by their mind nobilities. In the practical society, the government, inevitably violating citizens’ freedom and wealth, is essentially the “necessary evil”. Public choose to suffer it to avoid society disorder and chaos. Hence, a individual with a crystal heart can not be capable to administrate a government. How can public characters have clear insights of the desire and afraid of the public or their subordinates’ desire and fear, both inevitably have seven deadly sins or darkness inside, if their hearts are pure as crystals? And without such insights, how can they correctly estimate the situation, undercover the problem, plot the reform plans and eventually execute the plans? Imaging Mother Teresa or Mahatma Gandhi is elected as the president, what will happen? A case in China history might tip us the answer. During the Song dynasty, a reform was proposed by Prime Minister Wang Anshi, famed for his selflessness and indomitable. Given his reform policy concerns to be practical, if not perfect, by later critics, his reforming efforts bring nothing but financial disasters and almost terminate the emperor. Because he cannot predict the corruption and cheating of his subordinators, who should be the main force to propose and execute the reform command. No one can blame his good intension to this reformation, like the British say however, “The way to hell is paved with good intension.”  

What is worse, history reality suggests using moral and ethic as the public official’s criterion can even poison the atmosphere of both politic sphere and the society. And as consequents, the honest will be displaced by cynics and liars. In a society officials supposed to be with highest moral standard, politicians and media, with kinds of political motivations, always accuse public officials irresponsibly. Unfortunately, because of the vague and evolving character of moral and ethical criterions, no public characters can be blameless. George Washington keeps slaves and supports annihilating the American Indians. Lincoln violated the constitution to start the civil war. And Franklin Roosevelt used violence to oppress the workers’ strikes to secure his reform.  Then to maintain his/her public impression, to avoiding accuses, a politic will choose to doing nothing but accusing back, or manipulate media to propagandize about his/her moral character. I am convinced that scene is familiar for us in voting campaigns, on one hand candidates dare not to do anything meaningful to avoid lurking mistakes, on the other hand never hesitate to expose other competitors’ scandals. It is the tradition to choose are morally stainless person to be the leader distorting the voting democracy.

However, I am not to argue that the effective of public official have nothing to do with his/her moral and ethic performance. In fact it is the behaviors of officials’ accordance to the public majority justify the existent of government. Person, threefold by id, ego and super ego, is a combination of selfish desire and noble idea. His/her moral standard is something dynamically molded by the environment, rather than fixed concept unchanged since the birth. Hence, it is constructive to construct a regime which encourages officials to behave morally and leaves them no room to corrupt down, rather than simply make ethical judgments. It is committed by the constitution fathers therefore they divided the United States political right into three independent branches, namely the Legislation, the Executive and the Judicial Branch. With the principle of dividing and supervising the three Branches regime secure the officials from un-supervised power, convinced to toxic politic leaders mind, the United States government has functioned healthy and effectively for over 200 years. It is not the honest and self-restraint of the president but the farsighted design guarantees it.

In conclusion, it is meaningless to choose the public leader by his/her moral and ethic. To find a regime and legal system which encourages and fosters the great leaders is significant.