[i习作temp] issue144 argu4 [复制链接]

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电梯直达

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发表于 2005-12-16 22:35:25 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览

TOPIC：ISSUE 144 - "It is the artist, not the critic,* who gives society something of lasting value."

*a person who evaluates works of art, such as novels, films, music, paintings, etc.
WORDS：440 TIME：0:35:41 DATE：2005-12-16
1. 艺术家创造了持久的价值
2. 批评家也有自己的作用
3. 不能忽视艺术家的负面作用
The speaker claims that it is the artist who gives society something of lasting value. I fundamentally agree with the speaker. In my view, although the critic has its value, however, the lasting value is provided by the artists, as discussed following.

The art is the production of the artist's authentic passion, a manifestation of the artist's creative impulse, and a creation of the artist’s spirit. Art can inspire people and enhance their spirit and hence make people more understanding of humanity. For example, Shakespeare’s Hamlet proved that revenge only brought tragedy to all people. And Romeo and Julie showed people what was the true love. Art can also show people something that is very beautiful and people would like to enjoy. For instance, Da Vinci's Mona Lisa shows people the mysterious smile that attracts the entire world. Another value of art is that it can provide people some unique perspective of the society. The works of Mark Twains serves as apt illustration of this point. Running for governor reflected the election of the nineteenth century in America which informs us that we should struggle for democracy. So, the art provides lasting value for the society from the spirit, beauty and insights of the society.

However, critics have values too. Their interpretation and evaluation of arts can serve as a filter, which help people determine the works that worth their time and money. For example, some author publishes a new book which would attract many people. But the critic can point out that these compositions have no change with the former books of this author. Then people would spend time on thing that are more worthwhile. Also, for critics are familiar with the works of the artists, so they can provide some guidance which would help us have better understand of the works. And critics can provide some advice back to the artists which will help them improve their skills if accepted. All these equate to that the effect of critics should not be ignored.

We should not ignore the negative effect of critics either. History is replete with examples that the judgment of critics goes opposite with the truth. Although Voltaire's criticize the works of Shakespeare for they did not conform to neo－ classic principles, people now regard these operas as classic pluses. So the evaluation of critic is only the view of one, but can not serve as a determination of the work's value in the stage of art. In sum, artists provide the lasting value for society, while critics only subordinate to the art. While critics have some guidance, we should not ignore the negative effect of them.

TOPIC：ARGUMENT 4 - The following was posted on an Internet real estate discussion site.

"Of the two leading real estate firms in our town-Adams Realty and Fitch Realty-Adams is clearly superior. Adams has 40 real estate agents. In contrast, Fitch has 25, many of whom work only part-time. Moreover, Adams' revenue last year was twice as high as that of Fitch, and included home sales that averaged $168,000, compared to Fitch's $144,000. Homes listed with Adams sell faster as well: ten years ago, I listed my home with Fitch and it took more than four months to sell; last year, when I sold another home, I listed it with Adams, and it took only one month. Thus, if you want to sell your home quickly and at a good price, you should use Adams."
WORDS：383 TIME：0:25:30 DATE：2005-12-16

1. 代理的多少与营业利润无关
2. 去年的盈利不代表情况总是如此
3. 作者的经历不具有代表性
The arguer claims that Adams Realty (A) is clearly superior， compared to Fitch Realty (F). To justify this conclusion, the arguer points out that A has more agents and higher revenue. In addition, the arguer also concludes that homes listed with Adams sell faster through his experience. However, a careful scrutiny would reveal the analysis is based on groundless assumption.

First of all, the arguer fails to prove the relationship between the number of agency and the work of the company. Although A has almost twice agents of F, it can not that these agents bring twice profits of F. It is possible that the agents of F are more capable than those of A, and bring more profit to F while A earns little profits. So, the author can not prove that A is superior in this respect.

Secondly, the revenue of only one year can not prove that A always earns more. It is possible F earned more revenue than A for five years and last year F adjusted its service and does not focus on the profit. In addition, the arguer ignores the growth rate, which is much important for the development of a company. Although A earned more revenues last year, but it is possible that the growth rate is negative while the revenue growth by fifty percent.

Finally, the experience of the author can not prove that homes listed with A sell faster. It is possible that ten year ago, A would spend ten months to sold home compared to four months of F. And it is also, possible that F now can sell home within half a month compared to a month of A. And the experience of the author can not represent the whole condition of the company. In order to prove A is faster; the author should give and compare the average time of sell home of the two companies.

In sum, the arguer fails to convince us that A is superior. To strengthen the conclusion, the arguer should point out that agents of A bring more profits than F and A will earn more revenue than F for long time. To better evaluate the conclusion, the arguer should also prove that all home sold by A is faster or the average time is less.