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ARGUMENT 76 - The following appeared as part of an article in a health and beauty magazine.
"A group of volunteers participated in a study of consumer responses to the new Luxess face cream. Every morning for a month, they washed their faces with mild soap and then applied Luxess. At the end of that month, most volunteers reported a marked improvement in the way their skin looked and felt. Thus it appears that Luxess is truly effective in improving the condition of facial skin."
The arguer concludes that Luxess is truly effective in improving the condition of facial skin. To bolster it, the arguer cites a study of consumer responses who are composed of a group of volunteers reported a marked improvement in the way their skin looked and felt after washing with mild soap and using Luxess every morning for a month. However, in my views, some fallacies hidden in the argument will disclosed after a close example and scrutiny as follows.
In the first place, the arguer fails to provide detailed information on the study. First, we have no information that whether the department developing the study is authority or not. Second, whether the number of volunteers participating the study are enough to substantiate the whole circumstance. Third, whether the responses to the new Luxess face cream can represent other responses' suggestion. Without aforementioned information, we have reasons to doubt the credibility of the study. If it is not the case, then the conclusion in the argument will be deserved to suspect.
In the second place, even if the study is true, it is not guaranteed that it is Luxess is truly effective in improving the condition of facial skin just in that the arguer fails to rule out other aspects that will be beneficial to the face skin. It is possible that the effect of mild soap plays a important role in improving the condition of skin. Perhaps, the responses' skin is well keep even if they do not use Luxess. Maybe, they use other protect skin products, which are not refered in the argument. Consequently, if it is the case, then the conclusion will be remarkably weakened.
Finally, the arguer says that most volunteers report a marked improvement. However, it is a vague number and has little support to the conclusion. Perhaps, the volunteers reporting the condition of facial skin is very few and in turn they have enough to substantiate the true circumstance. In addition, we have no detailed information about the facial skin before and after using Luxess, therefore, it is not comprehensive comparison and it is hard to valuate the true effect of Luxess. In a word, without more information, the conclusion is not convinced us.
To sum up, based on what has discussed above, it is more clear that the conclusion is invalid and unreasonable. To make it more persuasive, the arguer should provide more detailed information on the study, rule out the effect of mild soap and other protecting skin products, as well as the information the specific facial skin change before and after using Luxess. |
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