issue 54,argument 180,205 提纲

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Issue 54"History teaches us only one thing: knowing about the past cannot help people to make important decisions today."
大部分肯定
1．了解历史，有益重新审视过去的成就和失败，为今后办事总结经验和教训
2．了解历史，掌握事物发展规律，预测未来，为人们今后指明方向
3．一味孤立地研究历史，脱离当今现实，不易作出正确决定

Argument 180
The following is a recommendation from the personnel director to the president of Acme Publishing Company. 【180】
"Many other companies have recently stated that having their employees take the Easy Read Speed-Reading Course has greatly improved productivity. One graduate of the course was able to read a five-hundred-page report in only two hours; another graduate rose from an assistant manager to vice president of the company in under a year. Obviously, the faster you can read, the more information you can absorb in a single workday. Moreover, Easy Read costs only $500 per employee—a small price to pay when you consider the benefits to Acme. Included in this fee is a three-week seminar in Spruce City and a lifelong subscription to the Easy Read newsletter. Clearly, Acme would benefit greatly by requiring all of our employees to take the Easy Read course."
1 用很多其它公司的情况和ACME相比欠缺。员工素质不同，也许ACME的员工素质很低即使参加也很难达到其它公司的效果
2 两个员工的例子的理由不充分，不足以说明能把ACME的全部员工水平提高
3 ACME里可能并使不是所有员工都需要参加这个学习

Argument 205
The following appeared in a recommendation from the president of Amburg's Chamber of Commerce. 【205】
"Last October the city of Belleville installed high intensity lighting in its central business district, and vandalism there declined almost immediately. The city of Amburg has recently begun police patrols on bicycles in its business district but the rate of vandalism there remains constant. Since high intensity lighting is apparently the most effective way to combat crime, we should install such lighting throughout Amburg. By reducing crime in this way, we can revitalize the declining neighborhoods in our city."
1.Belleville和Amburg的情况可能不同包括人口素质，地理面积等
2.破坏公物只是犯罪的一个方面，不能推断出因为破坏公物的事件少了犯罪就降低
3.高照度灯光只能推论出减少破坏环境并不能推出是犯罪的最有效途径