Issue41 FLY AW作文组第15次作业（427字）

夜一UID: 2130338

Issue41  第7篇 让砖头来得更猛烈些吧！
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作者：寄托家园作文版普通用户     共用时间：57分25秒     331 words
从2006年5月20日9时54分到2006年5月20日10时57分
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Such nonmainstream areas of inquiry as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits play a vital role in society by satisfying human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science.
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Mainstream sciences are so greatly developed today that most human needs can be satisfied by them. Agriculture sciences ensure people's food and clothes. Architecture protects people from wind and rain. Industry provides people with increasing resources. Various natural, social, and cultural sciences make people's life colorful and interesting. However, there are still areas that cannot be accessed by current mainstream sciences, and nonmainstream areas, which meet the need of exploration and communication in these unknown areas, play an important role in society.

First of all, nonmainstream studies provide people schemes to explore unknown areas. Because people want to foretell their future in order to grasp chances and avoid disasters, future prediction, including the fate of humans, the development of countries, and the evolvement of nature, has been existing as a research area ever since the beginning of human history. Astrology, based on the movement of stars, and fortune-telling, based on the appearance of people and nature, have been developed and applied in future prediction. Some areas such, as the fate of humans, which are still unclear today, remain to be greatly dependent on these nonmainstream studies, while some other areas, such as the prediction of floods and droughts, which used to rely on astrology and fortune-telling, are no longer studied by nonmainstream schemes because of the development of mainstream sciences such as meteorology. Nonmainstream studies offer people ways to explore areas which are unavailable through mainstream schemes.

Besides, nonmainstream studies give people opportunities to communicate with unreachable areas. When the movement of stars was not accessible to human beings, astrology was used as the main implement to communicate with this great but mysterious phenomenon by associate it with future prediction. With the development of astronomy, since the previous inaccessible star movement gradually becomes clear and understandable, astrology gradually loses its fundamental theories. People find astronomy a useful tool to communicate with stars, and therefore astrology becomes less important in society. On the contrary, since the appearance of people remains unclear in mainstream studies, nonmainstream areas, such as fortune-telling, are still applied as the main implement of relevant communication. Nonmainstream studies provide people with ways to communicate with areas which are inaccessible through mainstream approaches.

Similarly, psychic studies satisfy human needs of exploring the truth of life and communicating with ancestors and spirits, while paranormal pursuits enable people to explore phenomena beyond current understanding and communicate with the unknown world. In conclusion, nonmainstream areas play a vital role in society by satisfying human needs of exploring and communicating in unknown domains which are unreachable through contemporary mainstream schemes.

夜一UID: 2130338

Issue41  第7篇 让砖头来得更猛烈些吧！
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作者：寄托家园作文版普通用户     共用时间：0分2秒     0 words
从2006年5月19日15时57分到2006年5月19日15时0分
------题目------
Such nonmainstream areas of inquiry as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits play a vital role in society by satisfying human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science.
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Key words:
Astrology: The study of the positions and aspects of celestial bodies in the belief that they have an influence on the course of natural earthly occurrences and human affairs
Psychic: Capable of extraordinary mental processes, such as extrasensory perception and mental telepathy
Paranormal: Beyond the range of normal experience or scientific explanation

Questions:
1.        主流学科包括那些？自然学科与人文学科。
2.        主流学科可以满足的人类的需求有哪些？
3.        非主流科学科有哪些？占星术，算命，通灵术，超能力研究。
4.        非主流学科的功能有哪些？
5.        非主流学科对社会的作用有哪些？

论点：非主流学科的确可以满足人们那些不能被主流学科满足的需要，而且对社会有很重要的作用。

    首先，非主流学科的研究内容，是源于人们对未知领域的渴求。虽然主流学科可以满足人们大部分的需要，农业科学让人们丰衣足食，建筑学为人们遮风挡雨，工业科学给人们更多可利用资源，众多的自然科学与人文科学让人们生活丰富。但即便是在知识爆炸的当今社会，人类的知识领域也总是有限的，不能被现有知识所揭示的未知领域始终存在。比如对未来的预测，在人类千百万年的历史中，始终不能由主流学科的科学知识准确预测到。所以人们尝试着用主流学科以外的手段去探求，这些手段就是非主流学科，比如以研究星体运行为手段的占星术，以及以研究人相与手相等为手段的算命。而当某些未知领域被逐渐可知化的时候，就被排除在非主流学科的研究内容之外了。比如说对气候变化的预测，曾经是占星术与算命等等非主流学科的研究内容，但随着气象学的发展，现在已经没有人用天气预报以外的手段来预测第二天是否下雨了。所以说，非主流学科事实上是给予了人们研究未知领域的一种方法，解决当时的人们想要探求却又无从下手的矛盾状态。

其次，非主流学科的研究方法，是源于人们与未知领域的敬畏交流。同样以对未来的预测为例。在人们不知道星体的实体的时候，天体运行就作为神圣的存在，占星术作为与宇宙交流的途径而极尽辉煌。人们用占星术预示个人的命运，气候的变化，甚至国家的前途。然而随着天文学的发展，原本的未知的天体运行规律被逐渐可知化，占星术的理论基础遭到动摇的时候，占星术也就逐渐的没落了。但相对的，以研究人相与手相等为手段的算命并没有遭到类似于占星术的命运，因为人类至今尚不明确人相与手相的产生与变化规律。所以说非主流学科实际上给予人们一种对未知领域的感情的表达方式，也是当时的主流科学所不能提供的人们与这些未知领域的交流方式。

同样，因为需要与祖先与灵魂的交流，以及对生命来源与归属的探求，通灵枢就这样发展起来。因为需要与未知自然的交流，以及对超日然现象的探求，超能力研究应运而生。所以说，主流学科所不能满足人们的对未知世界的探求与交流的需要，被非主流学科填补了，也正是因为这样，非主流学科对于社会发挥着重要的作用。

夜一UID: 2130338

虽然自我的感觉，对于satisfy human needs说的还是比较清楚的，但是对于play a vital role基本上没有说明
我想还是应该说说，为什么satisfy these needs对于社会来讲是重要的，可是我实在不知道这些东西实际上是否重要，又为什么重要
我还是继续去看书吧，说不定会有些灵感。。。

夜一UID: 2130338

也许可以这样说，社会的发展依赖于未知领域中的探索与交流，所以是很重要的
嗯嗯，也许行得通，而且只要在最后一段加一句话改一改就可以了

Similarly, psychic studies satisfy human needs of exploring the truth of life and communicating with ancestors and spirits, while paranormal pursuits enable people to explore phenomena beyond current understanding and communicate with the unknown world. These explorations and communications are so crucial that they induce new discoveries, inventions, and changes, which contribute to the development of society. Thus, nonmainstream areas play a vital role in society by satisfying human needs of exploring and communicating in unknown domains which are unreachable through contemporary mainstream schemes.

xmbjowlUID: 2182375

哈哈，夜一不要自言自语啦，我刚才一直在思考非主流研究领域中不同学科的具体作用。其实我也认为非主流研究fulfill the human needs 与contribute to the development of society 是不兼容的， 我文章中的观点是，非主流研究can to some extent meet the humanities' needs, to some extent 对依赖于此的人们甚至有麻弊作用，虽然满足了部分人的需求，但对社会弊大于利。不知可否？

[ 本帖最后由 xmbjowl 于 2006-6-22 17:34 编辑 ]

xmbjowlUID: 2182375

我晕！就加了一个contribute to the development of society，不过倒也合情合理。
请教一下，用简要的将主流科学与非主流的研究进行比较吗？我的初衷是想驳斥非主流研究的社会贡献