Issue48 FLY AW小组第21次作业（491字）

夜一UID: 2130338

Issue48  第7篇 让砖头来得更猛烈些吧！
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作者：寄托家园作文版普通用户     共用时间：52分13秒     407 words
从2006年5月28日17时58分到2006年5月28日18时52分
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The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten.
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Many events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten. However, in the realm of history study, individuals rather than groups of people are usually focused, seeming away from the truth of history. In my opinion, this circumstance does not indicate that individuals are over focused, but is determined by the research schemes as well as the targets of history study.

First of all, it is necessary to document the more important individuals instead of the numerous ordinary people, because the basic scheme of history study is to document accurate records in detail, which is restricted by people, supplies, and time available. Documenting every single person in history affairs, such as ceremonies, campaigns, and wars, is too energy consuming, money consuming, and time consuming to be conducted by any individuals, organizations, or governments. Moreover, even if the vast majority of human beings have been documented, the amount of data will be too large to preserved and maintained. As it is impossible to record the numerous ordinary people, choosing those more significant individuals to write down is necessary, though it is rather pity for those ordinary people, who also have contributed greatly to the development of history.

Besides, it is efficient to document the more significant individuals rather than the numerous ordinary people, as the targets of history study are to conclude history evolvement rules and help make future decision. A super detailed history document, with every single person's daily activities and temporary ideas, will be too complicated to be analyzed and studied. In stead, people usually use history records, only involving the more remarkable individuals and relevant affairs, to represent the complex status of society, and conclude the evolvement of social tendencies. Take the study of hurricane's developing progress for example, instead of describing the movement of each small cloud, it is efficient to document the most crucial parts of the hurricane, such as the center, the maximum wind speed area, and the maximum convection area, to find out the factors of hurricane generalization and conduct future prediction. For human society, a subject which is a million times more confusing than a hurricane, emphasizing the most representative individuals is much more efficient than documenting the numerous common residents on earth.

In conclusion, it is unreasonable to claim that the study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. On one hand, as the basic scheme of history study is to make accurate and detailed documents, which is restricted by people, supplies, as well as time available, it is necessary to record the more significant or important individuals instead of the vast majority of people. On the other hand, as the targets of history study is to conclude history evolvement rules and help make future decision, it is efficient to record the more representative individuals and relevant affairs rather than document the unprocessed appearance of human society.

[ 本帖最后由 夜一 于 2006-6-28 19:40 编辑 ]

夜一UID: 2130338

Argument71  第7篇 让砖头来得更猛烈些吧！
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作者：寄托家园作文版普通用户     共用时间：0分2秒     0 words
从2006年5月29日10时16分到2006年5月29日10时0分
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Copper occurs in nature mixed with other minerals and valuable metals in ore, and the proportion of copper in the ore can vary considerably. Until fairly recently, the only way to extract pure copper from ore was by using a process that requires large amounts of electric energy, especially if the proportion of copper in the ore is low. New copper-extracting technologies can use up to 40 percent less electricity than the older method to process the same amount of raw ore, especially when the proportion of copper in the ore is high. Therefore, we can expect the amount of electricity used by the copper-extraction industry to decline significantly.
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逻辑分析：
(1)        the old technologies to extract copper are energy consuming, especially when the proportion of copper in the ore is low +the new technologies use less electricity, especially when the proportion of copper in the ore is high = the new technologies use less electricity to extract copper
(2)        less electricity is used to extract copper = less electricity is use by the copper-extraction industry
破题顺序：
(1)        It is unverified to claim that the new technologies use less energy than the old ones in copper extracting processes. (fail to examine the energy cost to extract copper from ore either rich or poor; the actual proportion of copper in the ore which is most commonly used)
(2)        Even if the new technologies can save electricity in copper extracting processes for all kinds of ore, it is unsubstantiated to assert that electricity using will decline in the entire copper-extraction industry. (other processes, such as preparation, preservation, and transportation processes)

夜一UID: 2130338

Issue43  第7篇 让砖头来得更猛烈些吧！
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作者：寄托家园作文版普通用户     共用时间：0分2秒     0 words
从2006年5月29日15时36分到2006年5月29日15时0分
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To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards.
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关键词：an effective leader
定义：a person who can make groups of people perform efficiently and achieve anticipated goals
立场：reject
结构安排：
(1)        Admittedly, an effective leader has to maintain considerably high ethical and moral standards, in order to establish credibility and authority among groups of people.
(2)        However, it is not necessary, or even harmful, for an effective leader to maintain the highest ethical and moral standards.

[ 本帖最后由 夜一 于 2006-7-1 17:09 编辑 ]

seltaUID: 2157580

energy consuming, money consuming, and time consuming
哈哈，看到这句就想到那个词汇串讲～～～～～～
说两句，逻辑很清楚，不过我觉得是不是可以再丰满一些：
从方法和目的方面来讲主要都是把焦点放在个人在历史研究中极具代表性这一特点上，在文章中可以考虑增加为什么个人具有代表性，为什么个人在历史事件中重要的内容。
恩，就这样，这篇写得偶好郁闷，像挤牙膏一样往外面挤，痛苦啊～～～～

夜一UID: 2130338

Argument216  第7篇 让砖头来得更猛烈些吧！
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作者：寄托家园作文版普通用户     共用时间：0分3秒     0 words
从2006年5月29日16时0分到2006年5月29日16时0分
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The following appeared in a magazine article about planning for retirement.
'Because of its spectacular natural beauty and consistent climate, Clearview should be a top choice for anyone seeking a place to retire. As a bonus, housing costs in Clearview have fallen significantly during the past year, and real estate taxes remain lower than those in neighboring towns. Nevertheless, Clearview's mayor promises many new programs to improve schools, streets, and public services. Retirees in Clearview can also expect excellent health care as they grow older, since the number of physicians in the area is far greater than the national average.'
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逻辑分析：
(1)        the spectacular natural beauty and consistent climate = Clearview is a perfect place to retire
(2)        housing costs in Clearview have fallen significantly + real estate taxes remain lower than neighboring towns = living in Clearview will save money
(3)        many new promised improvement on schools, streets, and public services = residents in Clearview will receive excellent school, streets, and public services
(4)        the number of physicians in the area is far greater than the national average = residents can obtain good health care as they grow older
破题顺序：
(1)        Though Clearview has spectacular natural beauty and consistent climate, the living conditions of retirees are influenced by many factors, such as the status of living places, the development of public services, and the quality of health care.
(2)        The status of living place in Clearview is suspicious, for the housing costs in such a naturally pleasant area have fallen significantly during the past year. (poor housing construction, inconvenient living supplies, or serious pollution)
(3)        It is unverified to claim that Clearview will achieve perfect development of school, streets, and public services. (current status; conditions even after the mentioned improvement)
(4)        It is unsubstantiated to assert that retirees in Clearview can receive excellent health care. (the quality of physicians; other kinds of doctors; drugs and instruments available)

夜一UID: 2130338

Argument9  第7篇 让砖头来得更猛烈些吧！
------摘要------
作者：寄托家园作文版普通用户     共用时间：0分2秒     0 words
从2006年5月29日16时29分到2006年5月29日16时0分
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The following appeared in a memorandum from a dean at Omega University.
'Fifteen years ago, Omega University implemented a new procedure that encouraged students to evaluate the teaching effectiveness of all their professors. Since that time, Omega professors have begun to assign higher grades in their classes, and overall student grade averages at Omega have risen by thirty percent. Potential employers apparently believe the grades at Omega are inflated; this would explain why Omega graduates have not been as successful at getting jobs as have graduates from nearby Alpha University. To enable its graduates to secure better jobs, Omega University should now terminate student evaluation of professors.'
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逻辑分析：
(1)        students at Omega University began evaluating their professors fifteen years ago + professors started assigning higher grades in classes = students receive higher grades because of evaluation
(2)        students get higher grades because of evaluation + Omega graduates have not been as successful as getting jobs as Alpha’s = potential employers believe the grades at Omega are inflated
(3)        to enable graduates to secure better jobs = terminating student evaluation of professors
破题顺序：
(1)        It is unverified to claim that students receive higher grades because of their evaluation of professors.
(2)        It is unsubstantiated to assert that potential employers regard the grades at Omega as inflated.
(3)        It is unreasonable to attribute the unsatisfying situation of job securing simply to the student evaluation of professors.

夜一UID: 2130338

原帖由 selta 于 2006-6-29 16:03 发表
energy consuming, money consuming, and time consuming
哈哈，看到这句就想到那个词汇串讲～～～～～～
说两句，逻辑很清楚，不过我觉得是不是可以再丰满一些：
从方法和目的方面来讲主要都是把焦点放在个人 ...

嗯，本来也这样打算的
比如说用修建大厦来做类比
第一当然是不可能把每个工人什么时间在哪里放了怎样的砖头都记起来
第二这样繁杂的记录根本不可能用来研究建筑物的结构、功能和风格，相比之下，针对主设计师和工程师来研究才更有效率
当时写的时候没有想好，而且写写就已经快500了，于是放弃了。。
以后的话，可以把原来的内容精简一些，把这个类比加上去：）
谢谢selta：）