Issue43 [黄金十二宫——白羊] 第十五次作业

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43"To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards."
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１.作为一个优秀的领导者，需要关注民众的物质和精神两个方面，显然道德只是考虑了一个方面，即使如此，它也不是最重要的
２．当然领导者的道德品质低的话往往不利于社会
３．优秀的领导又不是道学家，不用要求这么严格，即使犯了小错，只要不危害社会就问题不大了。


The speaker asserts that  a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards for being an effective leader. According to my suggestion , the speaker may be  a man believing god, who consider loftiness and moral  as standard weigh a leader's affection. In my view this statement is too extreme, in some respects. I tend to partially agree with it.

Firstly, it is essential to make sure that way to advance efficiency of leader's work. Apparently, it can be divided into matter and  spirit respects. Such as development of economy belonging  to corporeal parts of his work  is unable to be improved by the salt of the earth. Even if we merely concern with the reform of people's spirit respect ,it does not mean that nicer morality  play a central role in a leader's work.   John W. Gardner, former Secretary of  the U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare pinpointed some moral goals of a leader for example ,releasing human potential, balancing the needs of the individual and the community, defending the fundamental values of the communityand instilling in individuals a sense of initiative and responsibility. The role of the leader is to enhance ,tranform,coach,care, trust, and cheerlead. The activities of the leader are to educate, sponsor, coach, and counsel using appropriate timing ,tone, consequences, and skills. Compared with these, high thical and moral standards seems unuseful .It is hardly to believed that a leader just like an oracle can do works effectively unless all  member are undeviating adherent.

Admittdely, having a high  ethical  and  moral standard  is not a bad thing to a lead at least.if a public official is inferior even nefarious, it must draw down  many enormous damages. Turning over the record about Watergate, Nixon had covered up the action that some people wiretap and screen opposed party's classified information and told a lie for  exculpating them .Nixon's resignation please his critics but also initiated a prolong ed crisis of confidence. A 1974 poll asked people how much faith they had  in the executive branch of government. Only 14 percent answered " a great deal"; 43 percent said " hardly any". Restoring  credibility and respect became the primary challenge facing Nixon's successors. Unfortunately, a new array of economic and foreign crisis would make that task doubly difficult. Hitler, is also a vivid case.In the hope of   making  Berlin the capital of the world and conquering  the entire world undoubtedly cause  baleful nesses all around the world.For instance, he institued sterilization and euthanasia measures to enforce his ided of racial purity  among German people and caused the slaughter of millions of Jews, Sinti and Roma, Slavic peoples, and many others ,all of whom he considered inferior. So , it is clearly that  a sage is   unlikely to become an excellent leader , and an evilness one like Satan must not be too.


Undeniably, as a public official leader , we do not need consider him as a moralist and  importune him has higher level of morality than everyman. He also does  some mistake to the extent. Taking into account his error whether injure the benefit of community or not is prerequisite. Clinton was plagued during almost his entire presidency by accusation of wrong ding, The Lewinsky affair is  the most famous by everybody. In a nationally televised address broadcast on August 17,1998, United States president Bill Clinton admitted having had a relationship that was"not appropriate" with former White House intern Monica Lewinsky. He denied the more serious  allegations that he had lied under oath about the relationship and had entreated Lewinsky to do the same . Though his individual character is squalid, his ability of dealing with  domestic affairs such as economic policy , social policy and foreign allair about The Middle East and  Korea is  predominant .Compared with president's romance , the population more care of their improvement of  economical condition during Clinton 's tenure of president.

In sum, overstating the importance of high ethical and moral standards to a leader is not indispensable . If he can lead us improve our live is more important.