issue212 [加州阳光]第九次作业

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TOPIC: ISSUE212 - "If a goal is worthy, then any means taken to attain it is justifiable."

WORDS: 568 （超时10分钟）      
提纲：（有保留的反对）
1.承认在某些时候需要尽力去完成目标，以布鲁诺为例不惜牺牲自己的生命来宣传真理（不知恰当否）
2.但是，任何手段都不能超越道德伦理的界限，以克隆人为例
3.有时几个目标是相互冲突的，不择手段实现此目标会妨碍其他目标的实现，以工业与环境两个目标为例

The speaker claims that it is justifiable to attain a goal by any means if the goal is worthy. I concede that we should endeavor to attain the worthwhile goal whereas the means we used must be proper and reasonable.

Admittedly, only trying as many ways as we can to attain the worthy goals especially in science, does our society make progress. Take Giordano Bruno for example, Bruno, Italian Renaissance philosopher, used Copernican principles in formulating his cosmic theory of an infinite universe, which went against the Church doctrine. In order to persuade people to convince the truth, he traveled around the Europe and argued with the people who were suspicious of his theory although the supreme Pontiff had considered him as heresy and attempted to get rid of him. Due to his endeavor, more and more people were persuaded at the same time the supreme Pontiff fell into scare. In 1592 Bruno was taken into prison and intimidated to give up his theory if he wanted to be alive, yet he refused. His behavior enraged the Western Church and he was burned to death in 1600. To achieve his worthy goal, Bruno even lost his life. For that matter, the speaker's claim is reasonable.

However, most time, we should take some basic moral standards and ethic into account, otherwise the claim that any means could be taken to accomplish a valuable goal lose meaning. For instance, incontestably to overcome the incurable diseases is human’s worthy goal. Since Dolly's birth has announced, some scientists assume that we can use this technology to clone human beings or organs to solve the incurable diseases. Some scientists even think that we can transplant the cloned human beings' organs, which can ignore rejection. A film named The Island has predicted these conceive. Some scientists view these cloned people as no affection while in fact they do have emotion. These cloned people's lives terminate when the patients need their organs. If we can take any means to attain our goal, well then seeing cloned human as medicinal materials is reasonable. Yet it is too cruel, inhuman and immoral. Therefore, although some means can easily attain the goal, we cannot take this mean since it is against the moral and ethic.

In addition, sometimes, such worthy goal may conflict with another valuable goal. The case which can expound the point best is the dilemma of choosing between the development of industry and the environment. Both of them are our worthy goals. We want to develop the industry result in living more comfortable and convenience while we try to protect our environment from polluting so that we can live in a clean world. If we choose to take any means to develop the industry, then the earth would be improper for any creatures to live in a foreseeable future; if we choose to take any means to protect the environment and close up all the factories, the society would face innumerous problems such as unemployment, the stagnancy of the society. Both of them can benefit all the people, yet neither of them can be taken any means to attain. Hence, the proper means rather than any means to attain the goals.

In sum, we should try our best to attain the goal but cannot beyond the moral standard and ethic. Most time, we should take a balance which can attain not only one single goal.