Issue48 【永往直前小组】第五次作业by269750640

269750640UID：2358012

The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events
and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people
whose identities have long been forgotten.
提纲：部分的认同，我的观点：
1.在过去的历史，有些事件，比如战争，对抗灾难的确是团体的努力，但是在科学，艺术，道德等方面，
并没有过多的给与，是恰当的。
2.在现代的历史中，历史并没有过于重视个人，相反，由于哪个行业都需要更多的人来协同工作，历史更
多的开始重视群体。
所以，对历史，我们应该对近代，古代历史区别对待。对近代，观点错了，对古代，只有一些行业评价是
不公正的，科学艺术等行业还是公正的。
TOPIC: ISSUE48 - "The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most
significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by
groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten."
WORDS: 369          TIME: 上午 12:40:29          DATE: 2007-7-24
I can not agree more with the attitude that history might ignore the function of group
people in some realms in the past  ,but once the assertion expends to that"history places
too much emphasis on individuals , and group people usually play a more paramount role than
'famous few' in history' it loses my support anymore.
In my view,To judge the importance of the individuals and group of people should involve the
consideration of era and realm .
Admittedly,  in past time ,when the productivity was low, success of individuals, who were
dedicated in science, art ,and some realms which usually relied a lot on individuals’
talent , always might be rooted in themselves, for instance , Einstein accomplished his
relativity theory when he worked in a government department , where no body would be
interested in science . and Curie, whose success might be rooted not in assistance from her
companions but rather her patience and insistence , was noted down by history forever,
moreover ,Copernicus' reputation was mostly attributable to his tenacious personality but
not others' helps . in short , in the area referring mostly to mental work in the past time
, history treats the individuals and group people without prejudices.
Nevertheless, even historian would not object that many great architectures and wars noted
by history would be the reason for individuals' achievements. take the Great Wall ,a miracle
of world, as an example , history informs us that a whim of the empire at that time provided
the initial spark of this miracle ,however , how could we explain the thousands of human
bones buried besides the Great Wall , uncountable taxes poured into the palace, and even the
tremendous soldiers who got to implement this cruel order? Obviously, without the help of
all these above people, it is impossible for the outcome of Great Wall . Accordingly ,
history indeed might be more inclined to emphasize individuals than groups of people in
cooperated work.
However, sweeping social changes, progressing of science, and political reforms results in
the coming democracy and cognition of the importance of cooperation, which change the value
of society from individualism to cooperation in near history .,after ” the little boy
“thrown by American to Japan, the winning key  was  attributable  not to ‘famous few’-
America-but rather to the whole union, including China , Russia and so on. Moreover, when it
comes to the field of science, in which individuals could be more inspired than group people
in the past time,
variation seems take place similarly , the dramatic increase of the problem difficulty
renders the accomplishment impossible to single-handed scientists , cooperations betweent
the individuals ,even the groups-like Human Genome Project- listed at initial part, are
universal in near histories . accordingly, we may deduce ,with few exceptions, history could
be more fair when judge the attribute of success in modern history , and group people also
played a more important role than individuals.
In conclusion , conceding that history indeed prefer individuals to group people in some
realms in the past time ,but it was deserving ,on the contrary , when history runs into the
modern times , group people gained its concern instead .

********************************************************************************************
54"History teaches us only one thing: knowing about the past cannot help people to make
important decisions today." 54． 历史只教会我们做一件事：了解过去并不能帮助今天的人们在重大
的事情上做决定
1历史让我们了解过去
2历史可以告诉我们前人的经验并让我们借鉴来对现在的重大事情上做出决定
3何为重大决定？
********************************************************************************************
120."So much is new and complex today that looking back for an understanding of the past
provides little guidance for living in the present." 120． 现在的生活日新月异，对过去的研究
学习没有实际的指导意义
1过去的研究学习对现代的生活有一定的指导意义
2 即使现在的生活日新月异，也会遵循一定的客观规律
********************************************************************************************
221."The chief benefit of the study of history is to break down the illusion that people in
one period of time are significantly different from people who lived at any other time in
history." 221． 研究历史最明显的好处就是完全消除了这样的错觉，某个时代的人们与历史上另一个时
代的人有很大的差别。
1某个时代的人与另一个时代的人有差别
2时代不同，人的性格品质都会不同
********************************************************************************************
190."As long as people in a society are hungry or out of work or lack the basic skills
needed to survive, the use of public resources to support the arts is inappropriate—and,
perhaps, even cruel—when one considers all the potential uses of such money." 190． 当人们
挨饿、失业或者缺少维持生活最基本的技能时，用来支持艺术的公众资源就显得很不合适了，或者更残忍
一些，还有人妄图独吞这些资金。
1人们的基本生活始终是最重要的，生存才是最为关键的问题
2妄图独吞这些资金自然是非常不应该的，人们的基本生活是保障幸福生活的前提。

[ 本帖最后由 269750640 于 2007-7-24 21:24 编辑 ]

sweetbettyUID：2359460

I can not agree more with the attitude that history might ignore the function of group people in some realms in the past  ,but once the assertion expends to that "history places
too much emphasis on individuals , and group people usually play a more paramount role than
'famous few' in history' it loses my support anymore.In my view,To judge the importance of the individuals and group of people should involve the consideration of era and realm .
     Admittedly,  in past time ,when the productivity was low, success of individuals, who were dedicated in science, art ,and some realms which usually relied a lot on individuals’ talent , always might be rooted in themselves, for instance , Einstein accomplished his relativity theory when he worked in a government department , where no body would be interested in science . and Curie, whose success might be rooted not in assistance from her companions but rather her patience and insistence , was noted down by history forever, moreover ,Copernicus' reputation was mostly attributable to his tenacious personality but not others' helps . in short , in the area referring mostly to mental work in the past time , history treats the individuals and group people without prejudices.
Nevertheless, even historian would not object that many great architectures and wars noted
by history would be the reason for individuals' achievements. take the Great Wall ,a miracle
of world, as an example , history informs us that a whim of the empire at that time provided
the initial spark of this miracle ,however , how could we explain the thousands of human
bones buried besides the Great Wall , uncountable taxes poured into the palace, and even the
tremendous soldiers who got to implement this cruel order? （有点突然可以稍微加两句过渡一下）Obviously, without the help of
all these above people, it is impossible for the outcome of Great Wall . Accordingly ,
history indeed might be more inclined to emphasize individuals than groups of people in
cooperated work.
However, sweeping social changes, progressing of science, and political reforms results in
the coming democracy and cognition of the importance of cooperation, which change the value
of society from individualism to cooperation in near history .,after ” the little boy
“thrown by American to Japan, the winning key  was  attributable  not to ‘famous few’-
America-but rather to the whole union, including China , Russia and so on. Moreover, when it
comes to the field of science, in which individuals could be more inspired than group people
in the past time, variation seems take place similarly , the dramatic increase of the problem difficulty
renders the accomplishment impossible to single-handed scientists , cooperations betweent
the individuals ,even the groups-like Human Genome Project- listed at initial part, are
universal in near histories . accordingly, we may deduce ,with few exceptions, history could
be more fair when judge the attribute of success in modern history , and group people also
played a more important role than individuals.
In conclusion , conceding that history indeed prefer individuals to group people in some
realms in the past time ,but it was deserving ,on the contrary , when history runs into the
modern times , group people gained its concern instead .
结构比较清晰但是整体的逻辑稍微有点乱整理下应该是篇不错的文章

joyceningUID：2314914

下载一下吧