【08火箭小组】第二次作业A188

闹闹喵UID: 2500331

A也好难写啊:vomit:

俺的第一篇A，凑合着看吧orz

In this argument, the arguer claims that when prescribing, doctors should consider the fact that men and women experience pain differently, for a new research have discovered a different effects of kappa opioids( kappa ) over men and women. It sounds reasonable, but the evidences and analysis are just too poor to support the conclusion. There are several fatal logical flaws that can be pointed out easily.

First of all, the statistics lack credibility. If kappa functions the same percentage on men and women, no doubt that there will be more male who feel the medicine useless, for there are more men than women in this research. And only 48 people are under tested, that is a week number, for there are millions of men and women who experience pain everyday, and 48 among them may consists of totally different persons which have nothing in common. A university professor may be more sensitive of pain than an athlete or some one whose job requires more physical labor. White and black and yellow may have something different in body system, which results various reactions about pain. Painkiller may affects a woman who barely taking medicine more easily than a weak man who treats drugs like meals. Thus it makes the results over-desultory. To diminish the diversities, it should provide statistics of a much larger group.

Secondly, it failed to take into account that when having kappa, are these persons all took the same dose or perhaps women are more concerned about their health and would make sure they got the right dose while men show little care. It's a common sense that under-dose has little effects against the pain, and over-dose, on the other hand, may cause side effect, which will probably heavy the pain. And it is also unknown whether these 48 persons have taken other medicines that might disturb kappa or not right then, or they might suffer several kinds of body aches which can spare the targets where the painkiller functions.

And it also cannot convince people by providing only one painkiller's effect over a single kind of body aches. Kappa may function in a different chemical way from other analgesic such as aspirin, which perhaps is the reason that makes the difference between male and female, rather than the biology diversity. When it's available for teeth pain, there is no evidence to conclude that it can also be used for other body aches and cause a similar effect. So it sounds totally unsound to prescribed kappa for women "whenever pain medication is required".

To sum up ,the conclusion is weak and not well reasoned. The statistics and cites only give support from one contrary. To strengthen it, the arguer should provide more information over various analgesics to form analogy rather than offering only kappa opioids, also evidences that kappa opioids is truely available for any other pains that might occur to women; and statistics should be picked up from much larger group of people.  

chibiUID: 2477825

[ 本帖最后由 chibi 于 2008-6-10 09:42 编辑 ]

chen_aoxiangUID: 2369512

用法应该注意的楼上说了，我给你说说逻辑错误方面的问题

In this argument, the arguer claims that when prescribing, doctors should consider the fact that men and women experience pain differently, for a new research have discovered a different effects of kappa opioids( kappa ) over men and women. It sounds reasonable, but the evidences and analysis are just too poor to support the conclusion. There are several fatal logical flaws（fatal？） that can be pointed out easily.

First of all, the statistics lack credibility. If kappa functions the same percentage on men and women, no doubt that there will be more male who feel the medicine useless, for there are more men than women in this research.（看不懂）And only 48 people are under tested, that is a week number, for there are millions of men and women who experience pain everyday, and 48 among them may consists of totally different persons which have nothing in common. A university professor may be more sensitive of pain than an athlete or some one whose job requires more physical labor. White and black and yellow may have something different in body system, which results various reactions about pain. Painkiller may affects a woman who barely taking medicine more easily than a weak man who treats drugs like meals. Thus it makes the results over-desultory. To diminish the diversities, it should provide statistics of a much larger group.

Secondly, it failed to take into account that when having kappa, are these persons all took the same dose or perhaps women are more concerned about their health and would make sure they got the right dose while men show little care.（这里你讲的问题好像不是逻辑错误吧，因为文中既然已经讲了是服用相同的剂量，那就当它是个事实）It's a common sense thatunder-dose has little effects against the pain, and over-dose, on the other hand, may cause side effect, which will probably heavy the pain.

And it is also unknown whether these 48 persons have taken other medicines that might disturb kappa or not right then, or they might suffer several kinds of body aches which can spare the targets where the painkiller functions.And it also cannot convince people by providing only one painkiller's effect over a single kind of body aches. Kappa may function in a different chemical way from other analgesic such as aspirin, which perhaps is the reason that makes the difference between male and female, rather than the biology diversity. When it's available for teeth pain, there is no evidence to conclude that it can also be used for other body aches( headache, stomachache… 可以用点具体例子) and cause a similar effect. So it sounds totally unsound to prescribed kappa for women "whenever pain medication is required".（这一段的思路很好，逻辑也不错）

To sum up ,the conclusion is weak and not well reasoned. The statistics and cites only give support from one contrary. To strengthen it, the arguer should provide more information over various analgesics to form analogy rather than offering only kappa opioids, also evidences that kappa opioids is truely available for any other pains that might occur to women; and statistics should be picked up from much larger group of people.  

总结：你这里讲了三个逻辑错误第一和第二都是讲的实验不可靠，建议你最好看看论坛里有关统计与调查是否要写得讨论，在精华区里有。最后一段讲到实验的不同可能不是由于个体差异造成的而是由于药物本身作用的，同时指出不同疼痛可能也有不同的特征，这段不错。

https://bbs.gter.net/thread-620337-1-1.html

https://bbs.gter.net/thread-810600-1-1.html      

[ 本帖最后由 chen_aoxiang 于 2008-6-10 13:08 编辑 ]