issue115 and argument11

48778UID: 209221

TOPIC：ISSUE 115 - "It is through the use of logic and of precise, careful measurement that we become aware of our progress. Without such tools, we have no reference points to indicate how far we have advanced or retreated."
WORDS：435          TIME：0:45:00          DATE：2005-12-14

The speaker concludes that we become aware of progress and retreat through the use of logic and careful, precise measurement. I agree with the speaker. In addressing the issue it is helpful to consider the scientific area, culture and ideology.

To begin with, what we got in scientific areas can withstand the logic scrutiny. In other words, the logic tells us that we have made great progress. Facing various problems in our living world somebody assert that what we get in scientific fields are damaging the world we are living in. Such as the polluted environment and war, which have been immediate problems we must solve .In fact these problems are brought by the high techniques. These modern methods have  brought convenience to us similarly. Through the logic analysis we know that we are making progress, rather than retreating though some serious problems appear.

In addition, after a new culture is born whether it is a progress different individual has his own viewpoint. Under this condition logic analysis and careful, precise measurement can tell us the right answer. As case in point is the trend of the pop music. Nowadays there is a kind of music which is presented by saying instead of singing and is also accompanied by various instruments. Some persons, especially the old men, can not enjoy it and reject it .They believe that the music is destroying the traditional music. Nevertheless careful measurement shows that it is a progress in the music field. It is based on more advanced instruments and presents the music in another way which can make people's lives more interesting. So we can not assess a new thing in a traditional view, instead by a logic way.

Finally, the change in ideology field can not be assessed by our banal thoughts, yet the logic can praise it rationally. Different ideas have the basis of its existence .people treat them in different attitude on the basis of their various backdrops. For instance people always believe that their spirits are the only right. In fact different nations all have their belief. Which is the best one and whether it is a progress in this area? Sometimes we can not have a proper answer due to lacking a reasonable standard. After logical analysis we can understand them to some extent
In sum, given the above offered reasons which analyze the condition of different fields it is comfortable to reach the conclusion we should assess whether we have make progress and whether a new thing is advanced the logic and precise and careful measurement are the best tools. Through them we will be no longer to suspect the outcomes which we obtained after great indigence.


TOPIC：ARGUMENT 11 - The following appeared in a memo from the mayor of the town of West Egg.

"Two years ago, our consultants predicted that West Egg's landfill, which is used for garbage disposal, would be completely filled within five years. During the past two years, however, town residents have been recycling twice as much aluminum and paper as they did in previous years. Next month the amount of material recycled should further increase, since charges for garbage pickup will double. Furthermore, over ninety percent of the respondents to a recent survey said that they would do more recycling in the future. Because of our residents' strong commitment to recycling, the available space in our landfill should last for considerably longer than predicted."
In this article, to some extent, the offered facts contribute to the idea that people's attitude to the recycling the landfill is changing. However careful scrutiny reveals various logical problems which make the recommendation that the available space in the landfill should last for considerably longer than predicted unconvincing.

To begin with, Based on the fact that town residents have been recycling twice as much aluminum and paper than previous year, the author infers that the rubbish in the landfill will decrease .However this is not necessarily the case. Perhaps aluminum and paper are only a small part of the waste in this place. In this way even if people recycle lager number of these wastes the landfill is still full of the rubbish. It is also possible that the number of the paper and aluminum is very small in previous years, so the "twice "is not a significant increase. In short without ruling out the possibility the author can not convince us.
Another point worth considering is that the author fails to assume that the amount of material recycled will further increase because charge for garbage pickup will double.  While this is the case, it is possible that only several materials’ price will be increased, others’ price is still same as the before, so it can not draw people’s attention. It is also possible that the double price of the garbage does not indicate a significant improving. Since the article fails to account for these alternative explanations the author can not make his conclusion sound.
Finally, the statistical reliability of the study is questionable .Convincing result relys on a sample which a sufficient in size and representative of the overall. However there is no a accurate sample provided. Perhaps the amount of the sample is only 100 which can not be used to reflect the whole condition. It is also possible that most of the people who are surveyed have a better awareness about the environment. Without providing a accurate information on the sample the author cannot draw the conclusion with any confidence on the basis of the sample.
In sum, the assertion that the landfill can last for considerably longer than predicted is untenable in light of a variety of alternative explanations and unreliable statistics. To strength it he author must provide whether other garbage, except for paper and aluminum, are being recycled and the accurate price of the rubbish. To better the argument we would need more information about people’s reaction to the recycling garbage.

yogurt4UID: 198389

不要在一个贴里放2篇文章
多发一个帖子好了
否则后来人搜索旧帖子会有问题
谢谢

48778UID: 209221

首先谢谢你的修改,下边我说说我的看法.
)1It is based on more advanced instruments and presents the music in another way which can make people's lives more interesting. (这一句话感觉有点问题吧，可能，如果是两个句子并列的话，那 presents 前面没主语；如果presents 做谓语动词的话，那也是说不通的，请考虑考虑)  如果把the music 换成us 说的过去吗,请多多指教.
2)嘎然而止，作者是不是还应该说明一下为什么凭logical analysis能让我们做出判断！）
这个提的很好,当时由于我限时写,时间来不急了,我就转到写结尾.没想好例子,麻烦指点一下什么例子可以说明这个问题,我想了好久也没个合适的.
3)we should assess whether we have make progress and whether a new thing is advanced the logic and precise and careful measurement are the best tools. (这句话有点长，总感觉最后一部分有点问题，最后一部分是做为句子成分呢？还是……)

这句话确实有问题,如果改成when we assess whether........,你看可以吗.

4)对于argument开头是为了套模板,我想表达的是这些论据在一定程度上可以说明.....,然而它并不能证明结论...... 你看这样可以吗

你修改的十分细,十分感谢.