【辉太郎杀G大队】7/8作业by Aliciasun

AliciaSunUID: 2660743

TOPIC: ISSUE235 - "Most people are taught that loyalty is a virtue. But loyalty-whether to one's friends, to one's school or place of employment, or to any institution-is all too often a destructive rather than a positive force."
WORDS: 470
TIME: 00:21:55
DATE: 2009-7-7 17:29:54

TOPIC: ISSUE235 - "Most people are taught that loyalty is a virtue. But loyalty-whether to one's friends, to one's school or place of employment, or to any institution-is all too often a destructive rather than a positive force."
WORDS: 240
TIME: 00:28:24
DATE: 2009-7-7 16:07:19



Since long time ago, loyalty has been identified as a virtue of moral nature, which has been advocated to be taught and learned, both in education area and public opinion. By contributing to the stability and equality of all sorts of social organizations, “virtuous” loyalty benefits people to live and study in a relatively positive environment. Though “blind” loyalty is sometimes destructive for people's development in their career or life, customarily, virtuous loyalty still represents a positive character of individuals and groups, which should be respected and inherited by human being.

In the sense of a moral standard, loyalty is regarded as a virtue, which results in well-deserved reputation and credibility. For friends, loyalty is the only way to last the friendship in good direction. It hurts if a friend betrays you or spreads your secrets intentionally, and obviously for both sides, resentful feelings will come out due to such kind of disloyal behaviors. For schools and institutions students belong to, loyalty on the research progresses will help the organizations preserve the achievements which they have attained, thus a benign and positive competition environment will be gradually set up which also contributes to the education/research atmosphere. Similarly, for companies, keeping the merchant secrets, regarded as loyalty, is a condign characteristic behavior for all employees. Exactly because of the existence of loyalty in society, positive society can be built up based on it.

Moreover, in the practical perspective of individual development and that of society, loyalty can help people commit to their research and dreams, and only with this persistence can deepen the perception on a specific area, guiding long-term innovation and development. Contrarily, the uncertainty which violate the spirit of loyalty can confuse people themselves and easily lead to giving up on a previous target.

Nevertheless, blind loyalty, which can also been named as monomania, is not advisable for it often obstructs correct acknowledge and development. Throughout history, the political advisors could have suggested better policy advices if they did not just flatter the emperor in the name of loyalty. Some heresies have also manipulated the monomania and wrong understanding from people and obtained their controlling purpose. Therefore, loyalty should be taken carefully with clear and accurate recognition.

To sum up, loyalty as a virtue in general sense should be advocated and continued, while blind loyalty should be discarded. As long as we keep loyal in a right way, loyalty will contribute to the moral configurations and social development in a positive direction.


TOPIC: ARGUMENT15 - The following appeared in a newsletter offering advice to investors.

"Over 80 percent of the respondents to a recent survey indicated a desire to reduce their intake of foods containing fats and cholesterol, and today low-fat products abound in many food stores. Since many of the food products currently marketed by Old Dairy Industries are high in fat and cholesterol, the company's sales are likely to diminish greatly and their profits will no doubt decrease. We therefore advise Old Dairy stockholders to sell their shares and other investors not to purchase stock in this company."
WORDS: 454
TIME: 00:26:33
DATE: 2009-7-7 17:29:54

This argument presents a survey result of people’s desire to reduce the intake of high-fats and cholesterol food, leading to a conclusion that the stock of OD Industries should be sold, which is typically not well reasoned and committed partially a logical mistake. I find this advice specious on several grounds.

First of all, there is insufficient evidence showing how much the survey result translates into the sales of OD products. Admittedly, more and more people are concerned about their health conditions in regard to
the food they take now, but it doesn't prove that the high fat products will disappear in the market, because what people desire are not exactly what they will spend money on. Moreover, the composition of respondents was not mentioned in the argument, which hides the possibility that the respondents are young ladies and girls who care much more about their good-looks while the OD high fats products customers are men and people who care more about the enjoyment rather than its results. Hence, the survey cannot directly indicate that there will be no market for OD high-fats products.

Secondly, although many of the food products currently marketed by OD are high in fat and cholesterol, it doesn't mean the profits of the company will no doubt decrease. No mention of any other products of the company that may be low-fat and appeal to future desire of public, the OD company must also keep a group of old customers who prefer the high fats products and will continue in a long future. Meanwhile, the company can always increase the price of the high-fats products if the sales amount are really affected. The total profits depends on a lot of input parameters of markets, thus it's hard to simply judge the profits will decrease or not.

At last, for the stockholders, as the profits and development trend for OD cannot be clearly identified based solely on a survey, the advice for people to sell their current shares and not to purchase stock of it sounds not reasonable. The financial market has its own balancing mechanism and a survey cannot really represent the must-be situation in future.

To sum up, if the argument tries to make the reasoning more analytical, the following characters should be provided, 1) whether the survey respondents are the regular customers of OD high fats customers, 2) whether the customer desire equals to what their next-step actions, 3) Whether the OD company has other low fats products to offset the trend that people give up the high fats products. With all the parameters clear, it will become more convincing and easily to be agreed.

chqzouxiUID: 2661626

Since long time ago, loyalty has been identified as a virtue of moral nature, which has been advocated to be taught and learned, both in education area and public opinion. By contributing to the stability and equality of all sorts of social organizations, “virtuous” loyalty benefits people to live and study in a relatively positive environment. Though “blind” loyalty is sometimes destructive for people's development in their career or life, customarily, virtuous loyalty still represents a positive character of individuals and groups, which should be respected and inherited by human being.
In the sense of a moral standard, loyalty is regarded as a virtue, which results in well-deserved reputation and credibility. For friends, loyalty is the only way to last the friendship in good direction. It hurts if a friend betrays you or spreads your secrets intentionally, and obviously for both sides, resentful feelings will come out due to such kind of disloyal behaviors. For schools and institutions students belong to, loyalty on the research progresses will help the organizations preserve the achievements which they have attained, thus a benign and positive competition environment will be gradually set up which also contributes to the education/research atmosphere. Similarly, for companies, keeping the merchant secrets, regarded as loyalty, is a condign characteristic behavior for all employees. Exactly because of the existence of loyalty in society, positive society can be built up based on it. (两个society在一起有点儿重复，前者可以删了)
Moreover, in the practical perspective of individual development and that of society, loyalty can help people commit to their research and dreams, and only with this persistence can deepen the perception on a specific area（can 后面是不是应该有个主语）, guiding long-term innovation and development. Contrarily, the uncertainty which violate （violates） the spirit of loyalty can confuse people themselves and easily lead to giving up on a previous target.
Nevertheless, blind loyalty, which can also been named as monomania, is not advisable for it often obstructs correct acknowledge and development. Throughout history, the political advisors could have suggested better policy advices if they did not just flatter the emperor in the name of loyalty. （对待忠诚问题的典型例子，要是能够讲一个简短故事来论证就更好了。）Some heresies have also manipulated the monomania and wrong understanding from people and obtained their controlling purpose. Therefore, loyalty should be taken carefully with clear and accurate recognition.
To sum up, loyalty as a virtue in general sense should be advocated and continued, while blind loyalty should be discarded. As long as we keep loyal in a right way, loyalty will contribute to the moral configurations and social development in a positive direction. （结尾不错）


总结：
1、作者的观点很平和，积极和消极两方面都有谈到，而且论述充分。
2、因为是平和的观点，所以力量感稍微有点儿弱，如果能针对某一个关键论点进行展开，比如将blind loyalty的坏处说得更加充分，以及非blind loyalty的界定和好处展开更多，文章将更加漂亮。

TOPIC: ARGUMENT15 - The following appeared in a newsletter offering advice to investors.
"Over 80 percent of the respondents to a recent survey indicated a desire to reduce their intake of foods containing fats and cholesterol, and today low-fat products abound in many food stores. Since many of the food products currently marketed by Old Dairy Industries are high in fat and cholesterol, the company's sales are likely to diminish greatly and their profits will no doubt decrease. We therefore advise Old Dairy stockholders to sell their shares and other investors not to purchase stock in this company."
WORDS: 454
TIME: 00:26:33
DATE: 2009-7-7 17:29:54
This argument presents a survey result of people’s desire to reduce the intake of high-fats and cholesterol food, leading to a conclusion that the stock of OD Industries should be sold, which is typically not well reasoned and committed partially （partially committed?） a logical mistake. I find this advice specious on several grounds.
First of all, there is insufficient evidence showing how much the survey result translates into the sales of OD products. Admittedly, more and more people are concerned about their health conditions in regard to the food they take now, but it doesn't prove that the high fat products will disappear in the market, because what people desire are not exactly what they will spend money on. Moreover, the composition of respondents was not mentioned in the argument, which hides the possibility that the respondents are young ladies and girls who care much more about their good-looks while the OD high fats products customers are men and people who care more about the enjoyment rather than its results. (例子不错) Hence, the survey cannot directly indicate that there will be no market for OD high-fats products.
Secondly, although many of the food products currently marketed by OD are high in fat and cholesterol, it doesn't mean the profits of the company will no doubt decrease. No mention of any other products of the company that may be low-fat and appeal to future desire of public, the OD company must also keep a group of old customers who prefer the high fats products and will continue in a long future.
（题目没有要求讨论OD是否应该保留其高脂高胆固醇的食品，这句话有点儿不相关。）Meanwhile, the company can always increase the price of the high-fats products if the sales amount are really affected. The total profits depends on a lot of input parameters of markets, thus it's hard to simply judge the profits will decrease or not.
At last, for the stockholders, as the profits and development trend for OD cannot be clearly identified based solely on a survey, the advice for people to sell their current shares and not to purchase stock of it sounds not reasonable. The financial market has its own balancing mechanism and a survey cannot really represent the must-be situation in future.（语言不错）

To sum up, if the argument tries to make the reasoning more analytical, the following characters should be provided, 1) whether the survey respondents are the regular customers of OD high fats customers, 2) whether the customer desire equals to what their next-step actions, 3) Whether the OD company has other low fats products to offset the trend that people give up the high fats products. With all the parameters clear, it will become more convincing and easily to be agreed.

总结：
1、
作者从调查、OD本身经营策略、股东决策依据是否充分三方面进行辩论，很充分。
2、
关于OD经营策略这段论述稍微逊色。如果真的有了低脂食品的潮流，OD反而提高高脂食品的价格，这个策略是否会对盈利有积极贡献？

zinc05UID: 2629768

由loyal的定义“giving or showing firm and constant support or allegiance to a person or institution”，loyalty的对象应该是person or institution。
文中第3段给我一种感觉，楼主向loyalty添加了更多的devotion的意味（devotion的对象可以使a person, an activity或a cause ），或者实际上将loyalty替换为devotion了。
感觉“忠于”一项事业和对某人（或组织）忠诚还是有些不一样的。