issue13+argument36+111提纲 FLY AW小组

zqznedUID: 2114587

*13. Many of the world's lesser-known languages are being lost as fewer and fewer people speak them. The governments of the countries in which these languages are spoken should act to prevent such languages from becoming extinct.

The government of countries should make great effort to protect endangered languages.

As there are some languages spoken in the world widely, many languages which are less known are becoming extinct.

A language is a represent of a culture, so it is essential for local government to protect the language in order to keep the culture.

A language is one part of the wealth of human beings, so not only should national governments but also all people throughout the world should take action to preserve the language from extinction.

zqznedUID: 2114587

36.The following appeared in an article written by Dr. Karp, an anthropologist.
"Twenty years ago Dr. Field, a noted anthropologist, visited the island of Tertia and concluded from his observations that children in Tertia were reared by an entire village rather than by their own biological parents. However, my recent interviews with children living in the group of islands that includes Tertia show that these children spend much more time talking about their biological parents than about other adults in the village. This research proves that Dr. Field's conclusion about Tertian village culture is false, and thus that the observation-centered approach to studying cultures is invalid. Because they are using the interview-centered method, my team of graduate students working in Tertia will establish a much more accurate understanding of child-rearing traditions there and in other island cultures."

First, the children studied in the survey include children from Tertia and other islands, so the overall outcome might be wrong to apply to Tertia.

Second, the argument is based on a problematic assumption that Dr. Field’s conclusion about Tertian village culture is false.

Third, the arguer provides no evidence to show that the observation-centered approach to studying culture is invalid.

zqznedUID: 2114587

111.The following appeared in a memo from the vice president of marketing at Dura-Sock, Inc.
"A recent study of Dura-Sock wearers suggests that our company is wasting the money it spends on its patented "Endure" manufacturing process, which ensures that our socks are strong enough to last for two years. Dura-Sock has always advertised its use of the "Endure" process, but the new study shows that the average Dura-Sock customer actually purchases new Dura-Socks every three months. Furthermore, Dura-Sock customers surveyed in our largest market, northeastern United States cities, say that they most value Dura-Sock's stylish appearance and availability in many colors. These findings suggest that Dura-Sock can increase its profits by discontinuing its use of the "Endure" manufacturing process."

First, the new study might be not correct for the people and amount might not represent all the people using Dura-Sock.

Second, there is no evidence that customers surveyed in northeastern Untied States cities do not consider the endurance of socks.

Third, if Dura-Sock discontinue its use of the “Endure” manufacturing process, the profits may not increase.