【☆09GRE作文冲刺组☆】 3月7日号作业

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两篇一起！谢谢批改！
A觉得写得有点乱！


184.It is a grave mistake to theorize before one has data.
“Is it a grave mistake to theorize before one has data”? As I peceive the issue,we should regard this statement on different cases. It might be tempting to agree with the speaker based on many scientific research programs. However, a far more copelling argument can be made that datas are of no value and indispensable in some cases,such as arts and philosophy. My argument for this point are listed as follows.

As a threshold matter, in some fields, especially science and techology, adequate experimental datas are the basis of the theoization, and many scientific invention and discoveries are received based on accrate datas. 精彩句子My personal experience leads to support the claim. Once I did a simple resarch about children’s study in professional course.At first, I was too busy to make the survey to get actual datas, so we attempted to counterfiet datas to theorize that students’ achievements are direclty influenced by their homework time with emprical experience. When handing in the report, I found other students who had accurate datas reach a disparate conlusion.I realized my mistakes and finished the report once again based on true datas. I believe most scientists are precise in datas which is a crutial fator determining their theorization.One of my favorite subject---history-------are full of datas. I am interested in rememeber the dates important events and trends in history. It is obvious that we can’t come back to a former state, thus, the theorization must be concluded by datas. Without accurate datas, history will lose reliability and value to human beings because the theorization lose significant evidence.

Neverthelss, some datas are infinite which will be redundant for theorization, as aptly illustrated by usage circumference ratio in maths .Cirmference ratio is a unlimited decimal between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927. Until now scientists have not finished the accrate data about it. But it doesn’t matter to count and theorize in pratical exertion. I remembered that when we faced to caclulations in elementary school, teacher told us circumference ratio is just approximate 3.14 through which we theorized simple conclusions successufully. As such, accurate datas are not needed for theorization forever, while pursuing datas excesslively will block theorizaiton.

In addtion, data is not essential for theorization sometimes either. “The Relative Theory” proposed by German-born American physicist---- Einstein,is one typical example to substantiate this. As everybody knows, Einstein draw this conclusion with his copious supposition rather than complicated datas.”Bulbs” are invented great American inventors ----Edison is another case of this point. At first, Edison could not find a suitable materials which could make bulbs shiny in long time. It is rather than data but attempts of more than one thousnad time and experience based on failure. It proves that the theory is right and proper in later reaserch and use. Consequetly, data is not an indispensable part in some situations given that in scientific fieds.

Last but not least, some other subjects have no need of datas so much, such as philosophy ,Whose thoery are based on phlosopher’s experience and thought from their lives. As is known to everyone,” Platonic love” is proposed by philosopher----Plato. It is impossible for him to ge the theorization based on datas, personal experieces and inner thoughts are obviously more important. Art is applied to prove my point. Reading detective novel needs theorization of the plots to which that we may use sixth sense and imagination.By this time, datas were abondoned by majority people. Data may react sometimes, but we can’t say”it is a great mistake to theorize before one has data”.

Consider all the factors above, the aruger fails recognize that his or her arguemts is applicable in each case. When it comes whether we should theorize based on data, the key determinant is not theorization and datas, but the speculative clients on the process. And there is no dengying that we should attach importance on datas. Simulatneously, it is improper for us rely on datas in every subjects.


A162 A recent study shows that people living on the continent of North America suffer 9 times more chronic fatigue and 31 times more chronic depression than do people living on the continent of Asia. Interestingly, Asians, on average, eat 20 grams of soy per day, whereas North Americans eat virtually none. It turns out that soy contains phytochemicals called isoflavones, which have been found to possess disease-preventing properties. Thus, North Americans should consider eating soy on a regular basis as a way of preventing fatigue and depression.



In the passage, to support the recommendation that North American should consider eating soy on a regualr basis to prevent fatigue and depression, the author points out that people living on the continent of North America suffer more chronic fatigue and depression than do people living on the continent of Asia according to the study. Furthermore, “Asians eat 20 grams of soy everyday, but North American eat none” is aslo cited by the writer to prove the conclusion that phytochemicals in soy had been found to possess desease-preventing properties and his suggestion. The argument suffers a series of logical flaws, such as incomplete information,which render it questionable as it stands.

As a threshold matter, the mere fact through the study substantiate nothing about fatigue and depression. The author provides no information about the clients and
process of the survey. Perhaps the it was conducted by minority people in North America and Asia which couldn’t be be representative of public opinions. Maybe the respondents are forthright to resarchers. Also, the length of the study which isn’t mentioned in the article is a siginficnat part determining the results. Consequently, the crediblity of the survey is doubtable, thus, we couldn’t reach any conclusion or convince the adivice.

Next, no direct evidence is showed that it is the deficiency in soy which results in more chronic fatigue and depression. Alternative explanations could also account for this problem. Perhaps it is resuted from different life styles, North Americans have less sleeping time owing to busy work of companies. Maybe other bad eating habits in
North Amercians leads to more chronic fatigue and depression. The author cannot rule out all these possiblities influencing the conclusion, the owner’s assertion can’t be taken seriously. Morever,Granted that phytochemicals in soy has effect in disease-preventing, the diesase might not be fatigue and depression but other illness not including in the article.

In addition,even assumping that lacking soy leads to more fatigue and depression to North Americans, the author makes an ovesimplified analogy between two areas which can’t be comparable at every aspect. In most cases, there is an unwarranted assumption for the simple reason that things rarely remain the same from place to place. As we know, many factors should be taken into the consideration, sucha s demogrphics of the poplulation, eating habits and life styles mentioned above,
Without showing that all other conditions in the two areas have been essentially the same, the author cannot convince me that the method is suitable for North America. Furthermore,” chronic fatigue and depression” is a desparate concept from” fatigue and depression”, the writer’s accuracy of words are questionbale either.

In sum, the writer cannot justify his or her conclusion and suggestion based on scant evidence provided in the passage, and he or she overlooks many possiblities.To evaluate the argument more efficiently, the author needs provide specific information about the comparison in two different areas about the fatigue and depression. In order to assess the recommendation, we need to know that additional measures is not so useful as the author’s, and the feasibitly of the methods.