【☆09GRE作文冲刺组☆】03.07号作业

xiaoyao36UID: 2392780

TOPIC: ISSUE184 - "It is a grave mistake to theorize before one has data."
WORDS: 586
TIME: 00:45:47
DATE: 2009/3/7 16:40:43

The author claims that theories put forward without data should be considered as a grave mistake. I concede that data plays a key role in coming up with a final theory. However, from my point of view, the author unfairly overemphasizes the importance of data in proposing a theory.

In the first place, the importance of data takes the irreplaceable part in theorizing. Based on the summary of the statistics, can the researchers or scientists build a hypothesis or put forward a new theory. Such collected data will help the researchers to find out the internal coherence within the group or the common characteristics among different groups, which is essential to analyses of the trends or the foundation of a certain principle. History is replete with such examples. To illustrate this point, we need to look no further than economist Adam Smith and his masterpiece Wealth of Nations. Smith collected a large amount of data which concerns the developmental experience since Capitalism of different countries. Through further analyses and logical reasoning, he finally published the Wealth of Nations, to which the governors referred for decades as the formulation of governmental economic policies. Without these data, Adam Smith may hardly find out the common characters that all countries share and the key role that governments play in economy.

Furthermore, statistics also provide precious suggestion on testing a hypothesis or modifying a certain theory, so as to make them more practical, thus could be applied to the contemporary use. When we have put forward a result based on the useful data, further statistics can be used to test whether this is practical or not. For instance, pharmacy may create a new medication according to the previous knowledge about certain group of chemicals, but this is not the end. More zoometric and clinic experiments have to be carried out in order to collect more statistics to test whether this medication can efficiently and safely applied to clinical treatment. Furthermore, as time elapses, some principles may be not suitable for the contemporary needs any more. Hence, new data are required to offer useful suggestions on revision. Take the Wealth of Nation as an example again. With the development of international trade market and the further combination of different countries, the theory of absolute advantage can no longer be a convincing interpretation of new economic cases. According to the new facts, latter economists revise this theory into comparative advantage, thus making the principles more efficient as the contemporary reference.

However, the author should not overstate the significance that data plays in building a new theory, since a multitude number of theories are founded through logical reasoning and critical thinking, rather than simply analyses of the statistics. This is the case especially in those pure theoretical fields, such as mathematics and astronomical physics. In these realms, there can hardly be some useful data that the scientists can refer to. Instead, previous theories and knowledge can provide with the basic reference. Through a series of reasoning and deducing, new theory may be built with the solid foundation of logic. From this point, data is not that necessary as the author claims.

In general, data and theories can seldom be set apart from each other, in that the data is mostly the foundation to build and revise a principle, while the principle, on the contrary, guide to generate more data. However, if we overstate the significance of data, it may restrain our thoughts and inhibit the brilliant assumption, thus limiting the developing pace.

ratoUID: 2563435

The author claims that theories put forward without data should be considered as a grave mistake. I concede that data plays a key role in coming up with a final theory. However, from my point of view, the author unfairly overemphasizes the importance of data in proposing a theory.

In the first place, the importance of data takes the irreplaceable part in theorizing. Based on the summary of the statistics, can the researchers or scientists build a hypothesis or put forward a new theory. Such collected data will help the researchers to find out the internal coherence within the group or the common characteristics among different groups, which is essential to analyses of the trends or the foundation of a certain principle. History is replete with such examples. To illustrate this point, we need to look no further than economist Adam Smith and his masterpiece Wealth of Nations. Smith collected a large amount of data which concerns the developmental experience since Capitalism of different countries. Through further analyses and logical reasoning, he finally published the Wealth of Nations, to which the governors referred for decades as the formulation of governmental economic policies. Without these data, Adam Smith may hardly find out the common characters that all countries share and the key role that governments play in economy.

Furthermore, statistics also provide precious suggestion on testing a hypothesis or modifying a certain theory, so as to make them more practical, thus could be applied to the contemporary use. When we have put forward a result based on the useful data, further statistics can be used to test whether this is practical or not. For instance, pharmacy may create a new medication according to the previous knowledge about certain group of chemicals, but this is not the end. More zoometric and clinic experiments have to be carried out in order to collect more statistics to test whether this medication can efficiently and safely applied to clinical treatment. Furthermore, as time elapses, some principles may be not suitable for the contemporary needs any more. Hence, new data are required to offer useful suggestions on revision. Take the Wealth of Nation as an example again. With the development of international trade market and the further combination of different countries, the theory of absolute advantage can no longer be a convincing interpretation of new economic cases. According to the new facts, latter economists revise this theory into comparative advantage, thus making the principles more efficient as the contemporary reference.

However, the author should not overstate the significance that data plays（這裡可以用play嗎，很奇怪） in building a new theory, since a multitude number of theories are founded through logical reasoning and critical thinking, rather than simply analyses of the statistics. This is the case especially in those pure theoretical fields, such as mathematics and astronomical physics. In these realms, there can hardly be some useful data that the scientists can refer to. Instead, previous theories and knowledge can provide with the basic reference. Through a series of reasoning and deducing, new theory may be built with the solid foundation of logic. From this point, data is not that necessary as the author claims.

In general, data and theories can seldom be set apart from each other, in that the data is mostly the foundation to build and revise a principle, while the principle, on the contrary, guide to（可以這么搭配的嗎） generate more data. However, if we overstate the significance of data, it may restrain our thoughts and inhibit the brilliant assumption, thus limiting the developing pace.

我已經可以看文就知道是你寫的了，哈，，每個人都有每個人的習慣
不過你簡直是我的偶像呀，，太厲害了
可是我有點不明白你大多數thus的用法

xiaoyao36UID: 2392780

2# rato

嗯，应该是influence that exerts好一些吧？
然后后面那个改成 the guidance to 吧

ratoUID: 2563435

後面那個不是接principle嗎，，要動詞吧
然後其實我也想不到換什麽比較好