【辉太郎杀G大队】7/10作业by Applemango (Issue31;Argument162)

ApplemangoUID: 2661244

Argument 162


提纲
1.
如果调查不科学，样本不足以代表整个北美人民。
2.
调查真实可信，亚洲人民比北美少罹患以上症状不一定是因为吃大豆。生活饮食习惯不同。
3.
虽然大豆有预防疾病的功效。没有证据表明大豆可以预防哪些疾病，也不代表大豆可以防止疲劳和沮丧等症状。

The recent study claims that the North Americans should start to eat soy regularly so as to avoid symptoms as fatigue and depression. To support this claim the author points out that eating soy every day help to relax the symptoms to some extent. He also cites various other evidences that the Asian comparatively suffer less from such symptoms mainly because they eat soy every day, but the North Americans do not. Careful examination of this supporting evidence, however, reveals that it lends little credible support to the author’s claim.

To begin with, the argument unfairly assumes that there is higher possibility for the North American to suffer from such symptoms than the Asian do. The author provides no evidence that the study is validate and run scientifically. The respondents are highly possible to be people living in the urban area or those over 50 years old. In fact,samples chosen from the big cities and the elder are not representative of the whole North American. Those urban respondents may suffer from fatigue and depression due to their polluted living environment and high working pressure. The elder respondents may have more chances to have such disease because of their age. If so, then the author’s conclusion from the study might amount to poor advice for the people suffering from such symptoms.

Moreover, the argument relies on what might be a false analogy between the North American and the Asian. Admittedly, there’s big distinction between the North American and the Asian. They have different living condition, different diet habit, and they belong to different races. At the meantime, the author provides no clear evidence that eating soy helps the Asians to get rid of fatigue and depression. Perhaps the well-balanced diet and the optimistic attitude of the Asians largely contribute their health rather than merely eating soy. Thus, without better evidence the argument remains unconvincing that the North Americans can prevent such symptoms by eating soy as the Asian do.

Finally, even if the isoflavones in soy are proven to prevent some diseases, the author provides no firm evidence that the certain phytochemicals can relax fatigue and depressions. Perhaps isoflavones are naturally found in other grains such like corns or rice, and it might only work on insomnia or dyspepsia.

In conclusion, the argument is unpersuasive as it stands .To bolster the argument, the author must provide clearer evidence that eating soy can avoid fatigue and depression. Such evidence might include the following: (1) the demographic information of the respondents; (2) eating soy is the key for the Asians to relax such symptoms; (3) the certain diseases the isoflavones can work on.


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Issue 31"Money spent on research is almost always a good investment, even when the results of that research are controversial."

提纲
平衡观点
研究投资基本上是好的
1.        1。研究的作用在解决未知问题，推动社会发展。对于研究的投资是非常有必要的。
2.        2。研究的结果即便有争议，不符合社会公认真理，也不代表该议题没有研究意义；
如果假定该结果有争议而不去研究，将不利于社会发展)


3.        研究投资也有不明智的时候



争议1.研究结果将会影响社会道德风潮或威胁人民安全的(cloning, nuclear power )
4.
2. 研究经费花在不急需或者没有意义的项目上，不明智，机会成本高
N(North Korea missile research instead of developing agronomy, economy development- starvation after the 1997)


结论：有明确目标的，对社会发展有推动作用的研究就是好的投资。反之，则是不好的。钱花在刀刃上

In general, I agree with the assertion that it is almost good to invest in research. Research plays a dominate role in accelerating social development and it has long-lasting influence on the whole human beings. Yet, in my view, the speaker overlooks certain hazardous outcomes, if the research is meaningless or the results are dangerous to the society.

Consider the fundamental objectives and natural of research, it is compelling for people to agree that it is always wise and necessary to invest in research. Scientists do researches to solve the social problems, to explain the unknown world and to invent new ways so as to facilitate social life. Countless researches help human beings to better understand themselves and advance the development of society. Deciphering the cuneiform characters is a powerful example that the research result enables us to understand more ancient Babylonia history. The invention of automobiles also distinctively shortens the distance between cities and countries.

Secondly, it might be impropriate to reject a research on basis that the outcome may be controversial.
Even some outcomes challenge people’s way of thinking, they shouldn’t be considered as barriers of research. The theory of heliocentric system was considered heterodox, but it was finally proved true after hundreds of years. If researchers heisted to invest in research merely because of unknown results, then the society will no longer move forward.

However, we must firmly restrict the investment in the research when the outcome risks social morality and human rights. Those kinds of investment violate the main aim of research, and undoubtedly hinter the development of society. The research on cloning or stem cells is not good investment, because the results will definitely raise serious moral questions in the near future. And the research on nuclear power is also unwise investment which provides new energy resources on the cost to threaten human lives. The explosion at the Chernobyl nuclear power station on Saturday, April 26, 1986, was undoubtedly the world's greatest nuclear accident. While only about 3% of the reactor core escaped, it was enough to kill those near it, and damage food and crops worldwide

Finally, it is also important to note that, an investment in the research of vague objectives or speculative potential benefits can never be considered as a good investment. Money should be spent toward addressing pressing social problems; otherwise the opportunity costs will be high. One apt illustration of this point involves the famine of North Korea in 1997. The exorbitant amount of money spent on military research and ignorance of agricultural study directly result in the tragedy.

In sum, it is a good and rewarding investment to spend money on research. Research results often bring us the key to understand the world and push society forward. However, it is definitely a wrong decision to spend money frivolously and unwisely on the research with morally or socially harmful results, or on the research without certain pressing objectives. In a word, money should be spent on most vital things.



个人感觉Issue受老爷爷范文的影响太大，怎么都写不好。。。。Dragon同学多多指教~

lmcdragonflyUID: 2601914

Argument162
The recent study claims that the North Americans should start to eat soy regularly so as to avoid symptoms as fatigue and depression. To support this claim the author points out that eating soy every day help to relax the symptoms to some extent. He also cites various other evidences that the Asian comparatively suffer less from such symptoms mainly because they eat soy every day, but the North Americans do not. Careful examination of this supporting evidence, however, reveals that it lends little credible support to the author’s claim.

To begin with, the argument unfairly assumes that there is higher possibility for the North American to suffer from such symptoms than the Asian do. The author provides no evidence that the study is validate and run scientifically. The respondents are highly possible to be people living in the urban area or those over 50 years old. In fact,samples chosen from the big cities and the elder are not representative of the whole North American.（感觉例证很好，偶就举不出来，学习） Those urban respondents may suffer from fatigue and depression due to their polluted living environment and high working pressure. The elder respondents may have more chances to have such disease because of their age. If so, then the author’s conclusion from the study might amount to poor advice for the people suffering from such symptoms.
Moreover, the argument relies on what might be a false analogy（这里好像不是类比，至多是不科学的比较，而作者后文的主要攻击也来自因果关系上） between the North American and the Asian. Admittedly, there’s big distinction between the North American and the Asian. They have different living condition, different diet habit, and they belong to different races. At the meantime, the author provides no clear evidence that eating soy helps the Asians to get rid of fatigue and depression. Perhaps the well-balanced diet and the optimistic attitude of the Asians largely contribute their health rather than merely eating soy. Thus, without better evidence the argument remains unconvincing that the North Americans can prevent such symptoms by eating soy as the Asian do.
Finally, even if the isoflavones in soy are proven to prevent some diseases, the author provides no firm evidence that the certain phytochemicals can relax fatigue and depressions. Perhaps isoflavones are naturally found in other grains such like corns or rice, and it might only work on insomnia or dyspepsia.（这段再来一两句可能会更平衡）

In conclusion, the argument is unpersuasive as it stands .To bolster the argument, the author must provide clearer evidence that eating soy can avoid fatigue and depression. Such evidence might include the following: (1) the demographic information of the respondents; (2) eating soy is the key for the Asians to relax such symptoms; (3) the certain diseases the isoflavones can work on.（这样的并列很有范文风范呵，学习。）
评语：Argument相对issue还是容易一些。感觉除了第二个攻击点值得商榷，作者在行文和结构上都已经相当成熟。如果能够最终控制好时间，Argument应该是容易突破的。


Issue31
In general, I agree with the assertion that it is almost good to invest in research. Research plays a dominate role in accelerating social development and it has long-lasting influence on the whole human beings. Yet, in my view, the speaker overlooks certain hazardous outcomes, if the research is meaningless or the results are dangerous to the society.

Consider the fundamental objectives and natural of research, it is compelling for people to agree that it is always wise and necessary to invest in research. Scientists do researches to solve the social problems, to explain the unknown world and to invent new ways so as to facilitate social life. Countless researches help human beings to better understand themselves and advance the development of society. Deciphering the cuneiform characters is a powerful example that the research result enables us to understand more ancient Babylonia history. The invention of automobiles also distinctively shortens the distance between cities and countries.

Secondly, it might be impropriate to reject a research on basis that the outcome may be controversial.
Even some outcomes challenge people’s way of thinking, they shouldn’t be considered as barriers of research. The theory of heliocentric system was considered heterodox, but it was finally proved true after hundreds of years. If researchers heisted to invest in research merely because of unknown results, then the society will no longer move forward.（例子很出色）
However, we must firmly restrict the investment in the research when the outcome risks social morality and human rights. Those kinds of investment violate the main aim of research, and undoubtedly hinter the development of society. The research on cloning or stem cells is not good investment, because the results will definitely raise serious moral questions in the near future. And the research on nuclear power is also unwise investment which provides new energy resources on the cost to threaten human lives. The explosion at the Chernobyl nuclear power station on Saturday, April 26, 1986, was undoubtedly the world's greatest nuclear accident. While only about 3% of the reactor core escaped, it was enough to kill those near it, and damage food and crops worldwide（举有公认争议的例子的时候感觉不能只捡对自己有利的，毕竟这些技术还有许多好的应用，不能凭可以避免的风险就完全否定，应该两面都提一下。毕竟汽车也会撞死人，每年撞死的都比核事故多。观点可否改进为，研究是研究，只要规范应用就好）

Finally, it is also important to note that, an investment in the research of vague objectives or speculative potential benefits can never be considered as a good investment. Money should be spent toward addressing pressing social problems; otherwise the opportunity costs will be high. One apt illustration of this point involves the famine of North Korea in 1997. The exorbitant amount of money spent on military research and ignorance of agricultural study directly result in the tragedy（例子很新颖）.

In sum, it is a good and rewarding investment to spend money on research. Research results often bring us the key to understand the world and push society forward. However, it is definitely a wrong decision to spend money frivolously and unwisely on the research with morally or socially harmful results, or on the research without certain pressing objectives. In a word, money should be spent on most vital things
评语：在Issue上看到了与作者不小的差距哈。作者的例子用的很好，也很新颖。语音水平超过我可以修改的范围了。向作者学习。