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本帖最后由 sindytt 于 2009-7-12 18:23 编辑
TOPIC: ARGUMENT25 - The following appeared in a memo from the mayor of the town of Hopewell.
"Two years ago, the town of Ocean View built a new municipal golf course and resort hotel. During the past two years, tourism in Ocean View has increased, new businesses have opened there, and Ocean View's tax revenues have risen by 30 percent. The best way to improve Hopewell's economy, and generate additional tax revenues, is to build a golf course and resort hotel similar to those in Ocean View."
In this argument, the mayor concludes that he should build a golf course and resort hotel to improve its economy. To strengthen this conclusion, the arguer provides evidence that there is a rise in tourism and new businesses in Ocean View, after building a new municipal golf course and resort hotel. The author also cites a supporting evidence that the government gets 30 percent more tax revenues ever since. At first glace, the argument might be somehow reasonable, but close scrutiny reveals that it contains several unconvincing assumptions and is therefore unpersuasive.
First of all, the author is engaged in “after this, therefore, because of this" reasoning. The line of reasoning is that because the golf course and resort hotel was built before the rise in tourism and new businesses, the former event caused the latter. But this is fallacious reasoning unless other possible casual explanations have been considered and ruled out. For example, perhaps the general economy over the country becomes better than two years ago. Or perhaps the government has carried out a new policy favorable to tourism and business. As a result, without a thorough overlook of the economic condition in Ocean View, it is unwarranted to draw the conclusion that it is the golf course and resort hotel that caused the increased tourism and new businesses.
In the second place, even if the recent trends in Ocean View are attributable to the construction of the new golf course and hotel there, the author provides no evidence to support the assumption that the golf course and hotel will continue to benefit that town's overall economy. What if the trends reverse? If the golf course destroy the beautiful scenery in Hopewell, it might lead to a definite decrease in tourism.
Finally, even assuming that the golf course and resort hotel do have and will have impacts on tourism and business, the author commits the fallacy of false analogy. The mayor unfairly assumes that Hopewell can improve its economy through a similar strategy as that adopted by Ocean View. The particular situation in Ocean View might not be representative. The mayor comes to the conclusion too hastily that Hopewell will benefit by following Ocean View's example, without taking differences such as economic condition, geography, custom, local consumption level etc. into consideration.
To sum up, the author's suggestion to build a new municipal golf course and resort hotel in Hopewell is not well illustrated and supported as it stands. To bolster it, the author must provide the relation between the construction of golf course and hotel and the rise in tourism and new businesses. The mayor, in my opinion, should have a long-term insight and a overall command of all the situations in Hopewell, so that he can get a all-sided and better way to improve Hopewell's economy.
TOPIC: ISSUE11 - "All nations should help support the development of a global university designed to engage students in the process of solving the world's most persistent social problems."
WORDS: 533
The issue of whether to support the development of a global university is a complex and controversial one. Differenct people hold different oppinion due to
their respective ways of looking at an issue. From my perspective, the advantage of the development of a global university outweigh its disadvantage. I fundamentally occur with the author to this point. Nonetheless, there are several problemd deserving careful and overall thinking such as hwo to operate the university, how to deal with the difference in habits and custom, or even the sense of worth. My view can be greatly illustrated by the following discussion.
In the first place, a global university offers a space for people from different university with various background to express their opinion, discuss international social problems and share ideas to solve them. It is most likely that spark of wisdom might be created through the discussion. Plus, one can also get enlightment from others and come to a solution in his country by refering to others. For instance, India can get some pragmatic practic from China in the construction of infrastructure, while China, in turn, may follow India's excellent educational system in IT. Two heads are always better than one. No matter how developped and advanced the country is, there are still a good many aspects where it can learn from other countries.
What's more, the development of a global university meets the needs of current trend of globalization. In the process of globalization, our society calls for a mass of talents with international insights and commnunication skills, who a global university can provide. As the world becomes smaller and the countries are tied
more tightly and closer, more cooperations in all aspects such as economy, politics, cultre,etc. are required. In addition, cooperation is also needed in health care. Take the current epidemic of H1N1 flu for an example. If there is a global university where students and faculty can give valuable advice on how to cooperate and commnuniicate with respect to the participating nations, then there would be closer global cooperation on technology, medical care, education , and global aid, which would reduce the damage brought about by these global diseases.
In spite of the foregoing benefits a global university would bring to us, we still have to consider the feasibility of the university. The most pratical problem is where the university is built , how to emply teachers and how the universivty gets financial support. Moreover, although most countries share similar persistent social problems, but every nation put different emphasis on each problem. They have to agree on comples issues like which problem to prioritize, and which area of research dserves most investment. And we should also take the difference in eating habits, daily behaviours as well as the diversity in religious belief and
sense of value into consideration. In this case, there might be myriad administrative obstacles in setting up such a university.
In conclusion, a global university can aggregate intelligence of alll nations and promote coopration to solve the most persistent social problems. However, many obstacles still exist and needs to be carefullt considered. There is a long way the global university might travel to solve these thorny problems.
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