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楼主: 草木也知愁

[同主题写作] 【ISSUE--introspect into our own minds】 about examples [复制链接]

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16楼

发表于 2009-6-29 00:53:12 |只看该作者

好贴留印，以后重温。

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17楼

发表于 2009-7-8 13:55:17 |只看该作者

顶～～

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18楼

发表于 2009-7-8 13:56:37 |只看该作者

强帖留名

那些无法击垮我的东西，只会使我更加强大.

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Galano
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19楼

发表于 2009-7-8 20:29:37 |只看该作者

本帖最后由 Galano 于 2009-7-8 20:31 编辑

关于罗斯福那篇文章最后两段的素材，我实在才疏学浅，没看出什么来...
"The test of our progress," he said in his second Inaugural, "is not whether we add more to the abundance of those who have much, it is whether we provide enough for those who have too little." 这部分的东西似乎可以用到某些少数对多数的题中？不过我没怎么熟悉题库，不清楚有没有能对上的

还有最后一大段讲It's Roosevelt's world的。哄rater开心是挺好的，如果把类似的结构用在其他有对比的例子里也许也不错。

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20楼

发表于 2009-7-25 16:42:44 |只看该作者

如此好贴，为什么没人尝试……又能得到草木的指点
我做个砖头来试试吧……

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21楼

发表于 2009-7-25 16:47:46 |只看该作者

下面一半是关于执政细节和depression的，你们自己挑一下试试，练习练习我上面说的东西，挑好之后，可以在本贴后面跟楼，我会给前三名同学的挑选做分析和解答

总体来讲我的感受是，我的理解实在是很粗浅，找不出草木说的那些可以更加深化和引申的地方……唯一就是能在这些段落里找到一点可以用作例子的素材。
认为这段比较适合的题目有
1 所有leader的题目。包括很多leader相关的素质与问题，前瞻性，极权与分权，新思维，等等。
2政治和历史的话题。这个草木提过了。历史人物的评说啦，之类的。
3我在文章里写了，修锐分类里的当务之急与百年大计的相关内容，几乎都可以用，因为他是临危受命嘛。

When he came to office in 1933, laissez-faire放任主义 had undermined the temples of capitalism,thrown a quarter of the labor force out of work, cut the gross national productalmost in half and provoked mutterings of revolution. No one knew why thingshad gone wrong or how to set them right. Only communists were happy, seeing inthe Great Depression decisive proof of Karl Marx's prophecy that capitalismwould be destroyed by its own contradictions.

Then F.D.R. appeared, a magnificent, serene,exhilarating personality, buoyantly embodying new ideas, new courage, newconfidence in America's ability to regain control over its future.（5年换一次leader的那个issue的正例，即换leader带来新思维）His New Deal swiftly introduced measures forsocial protection, regulation and control. Laissez-faire ideologues andRoosevelt haters cried that he was putting the country on the road tocommunism, the only alternative permitted by the either/or creed. But Roosevelt understood that Social Security, unemployment compensation,public works, securities regulation, rural electrification, farm pricesupports, reciprocal-trade agreements, minimum wages and maximum hours,guarantees of collective bargaining and all the rest were saving capitalismfrom itself.（leader遵循particular principles and objectives的那个issue可用，不受popular观点左右）  "The test of ourprogress," he said in his second Inaugural, "is not whether we addmore to the abundance of those who have much, it is whether we provide enoughfor those who have too little." The job situation improved in the 1930s,aided by the Works Progress Administration, the famous WPA, with whichgovernment as employer of last resort built schools, post offices, airfields,parks, bridges, tunnels and sewage systems; protected the environment; andfostered the arts. By the 1940 election, the anticapitalist vote, almost amillion in 1932, had dwindled to 150,000.  The New Deal never quitesolved the problem of unemployment. Though F.D.R. was portrayed as a profligatespender, his largest peacetime deficit was a feeble $3.6 billion in 1936 — farless, even when corrected for inflation, than deficits routinely produced 50years later by Reagan. It took World War II and the Defense Department tocreate deficits large enough to wipe out unemployment, proving the case for acompensatory fiscal policy. （感觉这个经济问题解决的整个过程都可以用作“当务之急与百年大计”一类话题） Before F.D.R., theU.S. had had a depression every 20 years or so. The built-in economicstabilizers of the New Deal, vociferously denounced by business leaders at thetime, have preserved the country against major depressions for more than ahalf-century.（individuals vs groups）
F.D.R.'ssignal domestic achievement was to rescue capitalism from thecapitalists.  "We are fighting," he said in 1936, "tosave a great and precious form of government for ourselves and for theworld." F.D.R.'s brilliant (and sometimes not so brilliant) improvisationsrestored America's faith in democratic institutions. Elsewhere on the planet,democracy was under assault. Hitler was on the march in Europe. Japan hadinvaded China and dreamed of a Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere underJapanese domination. F.D.R.'s educationin foreign affairs had been at the hands of two Presidents he greatly admired.（这句感觉推广下可以用做个很好看的段落主题句，就类似于阅读的时候段首出现名词复数可以用来展开一样） Theodore Roosevelt, his kinsman (a fifthcousin), taught him national-interest, balance-of-power geopolitics. WoodrowWilson, whom he served as Assistant Secretary of the Navy, gave him the visionof a world beyond balances of power, an international order founded on thecollective maintenance of the peace. F.D.R.'s internationalism used T.R.'srealism as the heart of Wilson's idealism.  But Americans, disenchantedwith their participation in the Great War, had turned their backs on the worldand reverted to isolationism. Rigid neutrality acts denied the Presidentauthority to discriminate between aggressor states and their victims andthereby prevented the U.S. from throwing its weight against aggression.

To awaken his country from its isolationist slumber,Roosevelt began a long, urgent, eloquent campaign of popular education, warningthat unchecked aggression abroad would ultimately endanger the U.S. itself.（还是leader不应受盛行观点左右的例子） "Let no one imagine that America willescape, that America may expect mercy," he said. The debate in 1940-41between isolationists and interventionists was the most passionate politicalargument of my lifetime. It came to an abrupt end when Japanese bombs fell onPearl Harbor.

As war leader, F.D.R. picked an extraordinary team of generals and admirals. Inpartnership with Churchill, he presided over the vital strategic decisions. Andalso, in the footsteps of Wilson, he was determined that victory should producea framework for lasting world peace.  He saw the war as bringingabout historic changes — the rise of Russia and China, for example, and the endof Western colonialism. He tried to persuade the British to give India itsindependence and tried to stop the French from repossessing Indochina. In theFour Freedoms and, with Churchill, in the Atlantic Charter, he proclaimed waraims in words that continue to express the world's aspirationstoday.  Remembering America's reversion to isolationism after World WarI, he set out to involve the U.S. in postwar structures while the war was stillon and the country still in an internationalist frame of mind. "Anybodywho thinks that isolationism is dead in this country is crazy," he saidprivately. "As soon as this war is over, it may well be stronger thanever."  In a series of conferences in 1944, he committed thecountry to international mechanisms in a variety of fields — finance and trade,relief and reconstruction, food and agriculture, civil aviation. Most of all,he saw the United Nations, in the words of the diplomat Charles E. Bohlen, as"the only device that could keep the U.S. from slipping back intoisolationism." He arranged for the U.N.'s founding conference to takeplace in San Francisco before the war was over (though it turned out to beafter his own death in April 1945 at the age of 63).
（感觉这文章不怎么想提他做了第三任总统的事儿。不过我在用例子的时候，真是觉得他的历程特别适合作5年换一次leader的那个issued的全部分析。） The great riddle for the peace was theSoviet Union. Perhaps Roosevelt, as some argue, should have conditioned aid toRussia during the war on pledges of postwar good behavior. But the fate of thesecond front in the west depended on the Red Army's holding down Nazi divisionsin the east, and neither Roosevelt nor Churchill wanted to delay Stalin'smilitary offensives — or to drive him to make a separate peace with Hitler.  Withthe war approaching its end, the two democratic leaders met Stalin at Yalta.Some say that this meeting brought about the division of Europe. In fact, farfrom endorsing Soviet control of Eastern Europe, Roosevelt and Churchill securedfrom Stalin pledges of "the earliest possible establishment through freeelections of governments responsive to the will of the people." Stalin hadto break the Yalta agreements to achieve his ends — which would seem to provethe agreements were more in the Western than the Soviet interest. In fact,Eastern Europe today is what the Yalta Declarations mandated in1945.  Take a look at our present world.It is manifestly not Adolf Hitler's world. His Thousand-Year Reich turned outto have a brief and bloody run of a dozen years. It is manifestly not JosephStalin's world. That ghastly world self-destructed before our eyes. Nor is itWinston Churchill's world. Empire and its glories have long since vanished intohistory.  The world we live in today is Franklin Roosevelt's world.Of the figures who for good or evil dominated the planet 60 years ago, he wouldbe least surprised by the shape of things at the millennium（这段也是美国人的自豪吗？！……不过至少句式上写得很神气，先抑后扬的。）. And confident as he was of the power andvitality of democracy, he would welcome the challenges posed by the century tocome.  Franklin Delano Roosevelt, said Isaiah Berlin, was one of thefew statesmen in any century "who seemed to have no fear at all of thefuture."  Pulitzer prize-winning historian Arthur SchlesingerJr. is the author of The Age of Roosevelt. He is currently at work onhis memoirs

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