[分享] 一些关于英雄的资料，来自时代周刊

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时代周刊世纪人物回顾特辑，里面谈到的东西可能会对写英雄之类的题目有所启发，与大家共享。不仅观点可以借鉴，里面也谈到了很多人物，其他作文可能也可以拿来做例子。另外，由于是手工输入，虽然已经用Word纠错功能改正，但是错误在所难免，请大家多多包涵。

TIME June 14 1999

100 HEROES AND ICONS OF THE 20th CENTURY

发刊词

What They're made of

[U][B]It's often said these days that journalists like to build up heroes so they can tear them down. That's a bit of a misunderstanding. What journalists appreciate about heroes is the kind of journey they are on. It makes a great story, not least because the hero is taking a dangerous new path, fraught with setbacks and surprises. But it's the third act that really makes the story newsworthy, when "the hero comes back from his mysterious adventure with the power to bestow boons on his fellow man",[/B] [/U]   as Joseph Campbell described the classic story line in The Hero with a Thousand Faces. In this magazine we bring you 20 such stories of heroes and icons, our choices of the people whose personal journeys were the most inspirational and provocative of the century. It's the fifth of our Time 100 special issues profiling the hundred most influential people of the era. For the complete list of 100, see this issue's final page.

[U][B]You might think it would be hard to find heroes these days who stand up to scrutiny. True, we no longer have those all-purpose, old-fashioned heroes, the king or teacher or paragon who is right all the time. But we do have plenty of people with heroic passages in their lives, who bravely shatter a limitation of convention and open up new possibilities for others. As we selected our 20th century heroes, we found a pattern: the ones who changed society the most were those who liberated a segment of humanity that had been fenced in by prejudice. [/B]  [/U]  Jackie Robinson broke the color line in U.S.baseball; Helen Keller smashed old notions about the blind and deaf; Emmerline Pankhurst marched through the gender barrier at the polls.

Some heroes took a giant leap for all of humankind in journeys that were lonely by definition. The flight of Charles Lindbergh and the climb of Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay showed where people can go on the planet if they have the wit and endurance. It's not enough for a would-be hero to have talent and persistence. It's not enough to be a winner. To take hold of the public, a real hero must have the ability to engage those who look to him for lessons. Muhammad Ali (the former Cassius Clay) did it with sweetness and sass, Pele with kinetic exuberance, Mother Teresa with saintly stubbornness. As a group, American G.I.s made countless excursions in the world, demonstrating selfless commitment to a larger cause, no matter what the cost.

We also include a special kind of exemplar: the icon, the embodiment of an ideal that affects how we live and act. Marilyn Monroe, the original platinum goddess, became an indelible work of Pop Art. The Kennedys gave off an aura in which Americans basked, happy to think that the U.S. had become a place where one could grow up to be royalty. Princess Diana became a symbol of every woman’s search for happiness.

Now we begin the task of picking a Person of the Century, which will be announced in December. And later this year we launch a series of issues called Visions, in which we pose (and try our best to answer) 100 thought-provoking questions about the coming century. We'd love to hear your suggestions for these future issues. Please write us, e-mail us or visit our website at time.com/asia to offer your ideas.

Stephen Koepp
Executive Editor

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Who Should Be the Person Of The Century?



A great enterprise encountered difficulties. Employees were lad off, factories shuttered; morale and confidence were at an incredible low. A new CEO took over. He started working on a tournaround. He took dramatic steps. First, he included all workers in a program that allowed them to participate in the future success of the enterprise. This gave hope and started to life morale. Then the CEO forged an alliance with a challenger, and together they beat their worst opponent. Meanwhile, he started a major proprietary development program that made his enterprise different from the other members of the alliance.



He pursued this high-risk, energetic strategy, which allowed the enterprise to emerge as the global trendsetter and leader, even as he suffered from a debilitating illness. The enterprise? The U.S. The CEO? Franklin Delano Roosevelt, my nominee for Person of the Century for dealing with the mega-challenges of our age-the Great Depression, Nazism and communism-and for setting the stage for lasing U.S. leadership of our world.

--Andy Grove, chairman of Intel



Anwar Sadat

Egypt's assassinated President stands as a towering rebuke to anyone who questions whether a visionary leader can change history through the force of his own courage and character. Notwithstanding the huge risks involved, Sadat was dedicated to what he called the "sacred mission" of achieving peace in the Middle East. And by embracing his former enemies during his historic visit to Israel, this courageous Arab head of state transformed the course of events in the region and around the world. Like Gandhi, Sadat taught us that it is possible for human beings to put ideals above self-interest. Also, tragically, like the father of modern India, Sadat died for the cause that he ennobled.

--Gerald R. Ford, former President of the U.S.



I vote for Neil Armstrong, the first man to walk on the moon. His was the most spectacular, singular feat of the century. The resources used to assist him accelerated mankind's progress into the new millennium. His achievement forced us to rethink ourselves as members of "one household".

Jack Morris  Norcross, Ga.

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比较敏感的东东，至于跟政府与极端行为之类的题目扯不扯得上关系是一回事，但我觉得不管政府如何诠释，不管真相究竟如何，我们有必要听听不同的声音来自己思考判断，并且有必要建立一种社会责任感与良知，谁对谁错难以简单判断，但惨痛的历史不应该被蓄意地掩盖淡化。人们常言热血青年以现其幼稚冲动，但青年如果不热血还是青年吗？一个国家连青年的血都不热了，是多么的冷漠和恐怖。但愿我们的血，仍未冷。

Keeping Freedom's Flame Alight

Around 70,000 people-twice as many as last year-gathered last week for a candlelit vigil in Hong Kong's Victoria Park to honor those killed when a student pro-democracy protest in Beijing's Tiananmen Square was crushed 10 years ago. Organizers want a political reassessment of the event, but China's Foreign Ministry spokesman insisted that the suppression had been "necessary for...stability", adding. "There will be no change whatsoever on this." Hong Kong is the only part of China where such public commemorations are allowed. On the Mainland, Chinese authorities rounded up several dissidents, and cut off reception of CNN and other satellite channels. Tiananmen Square itself is surrounded by s steel hoarding while renovations are carried out, but in separate incidents two protesters managed to reach the square before being swiftly led away. In Victoria Park, the crowd chanted slogans such as "Release the dissidents" around a replica of the Goddess of Democracy statue created by the Tiananmen protesters. "It proves that Hong Kong people still care and are ready to stand up," says Szeto Wah, chairman of the organizing committee. "It gives us courage to fight for another 10 years."

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科技决定道德？

Approved. The Birth Control Pill, after a controversial nine-year deliberation by Japan's Ministry of Health and Welfare; in Tokyo. The delay angered many of the nation's women's groups, particularly when Viagra, an impotency remedy primarily for men, went on sale earlier this year just six months after being submitted for approval. Before giving their O.K. to the pill, officials argued it carried negative side-effects and would destroy the nation's morals.

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回到英雄话题上来

HEROES AND ICONS

They trilled us and brought tears to our eyes. And we shaped our lives with the lessons of their fervor and folly, their tragedies and triumphs.



By Howard Chua-Eoan
......

We need our heroes to give meaning to time. Human existence, in the words of T.S. Eliot, is made up of "undisciplined squads of emotion," and to articulate our "general mess of imprecision of feeling" we turn to heroes and icons--the nearly sacred modules of humanity with which we parse and model our lives...For it is heroes--through their triumphs and follies--who teach us how to live.