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从作文版挖过来的帖子,改twe一样用.这样不用在每个修改的地方上色,呵呵
成品就是这样的,看效果的同时,贴一篇优秀aw给大家欣赏:)
黑色字样是happypeal的习作,兰色字样是我的修改
TOPIC:ISSUE 184 - "It is a grave mistake to theorize before one has data."
theorize: to form a theory about; to propose as a theory.
提纲
1、承认数据资料对建立理论的重要性
2、指出也有一些当今被接受的理论在建立之处只是假说
3、如果过分强调建立理论前的数据资料,会阻碍新理论建立
During the formation of any theories any theory吧, data plays an important and indispensable role. Some people even believe that it is a grave mistake to theorize before one has data. 1&2 As far as I am concerned, I totally agree with the significance of data for theory establishment. Meanwhile, it should also be pointed out that not all theories are based on data, and that the excessive emphasis on data will barricade the emergence of many wise and far-sighted theories as far as 到这里是3 Wise theory,搭配有点怪。.
我从别的帖子里粘了些东西过来,
开头要写些什么:
1 交待与主题有关的背景(一两句话)
2 将重点转到主题上,使读者明白文章的中心集中在什么问题上(一两句)
3 在开头的结束时,用以两句话声明在topic上的立场,也就是文章的主题。
happypearl写的开头,3条都做到了,第1条没有时间可以不写的。
对于AW作文,第3条表明自己的立场是很重要的,注意不要只说I agree/disagree就完了,一定要写明自己赞成/反对的理由。
Admittedly让步 , adequate data is a vital factor for building up a convincing theory. In various academic fields, data lays the important foundation for analyzing, reasoning, inducing and concluding, the process of which can give birth to theories.简单清晰的TS,后面跟过渡。 Without necessary data, many researches will become nothing but pure imagination and their results do not deserve people's attention and time.这里有点问题。没有数据的research怎么是pure imagination?至多是没有信服的theory作为结果。 Take the formation of genetics theory for example. Mendel, the father of genetics, devoted eight years in gathering data of the biological characteristics of peas in several generations. Based on the data he acquired, Mendel made important discoveries on the laws of heritance 这个是laws of heredity吧,Mendel’s Laws, basis of modern hereditary theory…老孟的 among generations, thereby establishing the theory of genetics. When the theory was refined later, Mendel's 这里加个形容词,“大量的”,感觉更好。 data from experiments were still proved to be of great value. This example shows that data are essential for significant discoveries that help to establish new theories. If it were not for the support from data, many researchers can never achieve inspirations achieve inspiration这样的搭配不对 on new ideas, not to mentions theories.
例子说完了有段内小结。例子很好的支持了data对theory的重要性。较为少见的例子,贴合题目的同时比较新颖。
Nevertheless 信号词2,转折开始了, there are also many far-reaching theories that start from great assumptions. History tells us that not all theories, which have been widely accepted today since the first day of their establishments , are based on exact data at the embryonic stage. Some theories are brought about by scientists’ assumptions, which are founded on affluent experiences, rather than objective data. The establishment of continental drift theory can be an apt illustration for this point. Inspired by the world map, Wenger, an American geologist Wegener, German , found that the main continents' edge could roughly match together. Hence, he assumed the possibility of continents drifting to their current position from the original big chunk. With this great assumption, Wenger proposed the continental drift theory. Years later, he founded the biological similarities between the matched continental edges and further proved his theory. Apparently, some theories are not founded on concrete data, but were born as assumptions, which could be substantiated with data afterward. Accordingly, I hold that apart from theorizing with previous data, making assumptions is another way for building theories.
漂亮!
Exclusive emphasis on data before theorizing will probably hamper the development of innovative theories. If we take it for granted that people cannot theorize until the data is ready, then scholars will probably postpone theorizing forever. Because theories that are based on assumptions, as is mentioned above, may never be established since their supporting data is usually acquired later. 后面跟着解释,有些supporting data是要在理论的指导下researchers才会去collect的 It is due to the assumed theory that a series of researches and experiments, which follow its methodology, are set in motions and further substantiate the theory. 这个句子好像有问题 For example, Hawking's theory of the world's origin is considered a masterpiece. However, according to the speaker's principle, Hawking's theory is purely a mistake since no substantial data is quoted to support it. It is ridiculous to think so because, as a matter of fact, current research conditions are still inadequate for gathering data to support Hawking's theory, which is wildly widely acknowledged in scientific world. We can believe that there surely will be one day when scientists can find out clues and persuasive data, since Hawking's ideas have already been implanted in many scientists' mind.
感觉这一段的结尾没有上一段的结尾漂亮。B2说有些理论来自某种假设和灵感,这一段可以直接说有些人的理论和思想transcend时代,没有measurement可以提供数据。最后提出对未来的展望,好像就怕读者对霍金的理论有什么质疑。其实前面几次accepted, considered强调够了,即使这个理论是错的又有什么关系? 科学本来就是在颠覆中前进,theory不一定非要是对的。感觉多少受到了B2的影响。
In short, I concede the importance of data in the theorizing process. However, I believe there are at least two ways of building theories. One is concluded from sufficient data, while the other is based on assumptions but will later be proved by data. It is unnecessary arbitrary to say that theorizing before one has data is a grave mistake.
结构工整,开头结尾都不错,段与段之间的衔接,段内的过渡与小结,非常清晰。语言流畅,没有多余的句子。例子也很贴实。
调了一些小毛病,瑕不掩瑜。至少是5分。
[ 本帖最后由 yogurt4 于 2006-4-23 04:50 编辑 ] |
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