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chailybai
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电梯直达

楼主

发表于 2010-4-27 09:39:36 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览

本帖最后由 chailybai 于 2010-4-28 15:00 编辑

目前是大三下，四月初考的T，一个月的脱产自学终于考到了100+。
本来报了6G,但由于时间仓促且之后的一段时间会有大量专业课考试，且在备考T的过程中深刻认识到量变才能引发质变的道理，我的质变还需要时间与积累，所以准备转战10G了。

目前情况是单词还没背到两遍，issue写了10多篇，A的提纲列了几十篇。
每天大致能抽出6-8小时复习，复习专业课期间可能少一点，1-2小时吧~~

目标是600+800+4

暑假准备不回家留校复习了，为了自己的梦想无论如何也要拼搏一回~~请版主大人们相信我的决心~~

希望与大家一起并肩作战~~~

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沙发

发表于 2010-4-27 22:36:09 |只看该作者

以后把每天的进度写在这里吧~~~
4.27 ---今天的进度：
1）早上复习了300多个词汇。记忆率80%多吧
2）认真的看了一下ETS的官方ISSUE讲解，收获还是挺多的。然后自己练过issue的基础上重新分析了一下ETS给出的范文，感觉满分那篇太牛逼了，绝对是nativer写的，我是可望而不可及的，但是4---5分的文章是在可以努力的范围内的。
3）看了一些哲学类issue论据。
4）晚上写了一篇argument, 模仿满分范文写的，第一次写用了一个小时，字数居然快700字了，看来还有很长的路要走啊。

今天因为事情比较多没有背单词，罪过啊罪过，看来以后只能早点起来背了。
然后因为决定将考试顺延到10月，以后要加强阅读的练习了，明天开始杨鹏难句的分析与训练。
今天开始为GPA和10G奋斗！

【2025FALL】全站祈福已开放~~来领祈福章，求offer得offer

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板凳

发表于 2010-4-27 23:46:55 |只看该作者

嗯。标题可以改下格式。改成半角。继续加油~

那些无法击垮我的东西，只会使我更加强大.

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taoseo UID: 2805782 taoseo 当前离线最后登录 2010-4-27 在线时间 0 小时寄托币 16 声望 0 注册时间 2010-4-27 阅读权限 5 帖子 0 精华 0 积分 6 UID 2805782 禁止发言声望 0 寄托币 16 注册时间 2010-4-27 精华 0 帖子 0 主页发消息	地板发表于 2010-4-27 23:58:15 \|只看该作者提示: 作者被禁止或删除内容自动屏蔽

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5楼

发表于 2010-4-28 21:51:06 |只看该作者

看大家都用Economist 做阅读资料，于是去看了下economist的文章，确实有很多GRE单词啊，那么以后开始一天一篇也不错。

第一篇选的比较简单，但是语言很适合issue的风格，从正反两个角度阐述csi effect的作用，很值得学习。

The “CSI effect”
Television dramas that rely on forensic science to solve crimes are affecting the administration of justice
Apr 22nd 2010 | From The Economist print edition

红色--生词，绿色--红宝书单词，蓝色--好的表述与运用

OPENING a new training centre in forensic science at the University of Glamorgan in South Wales recently, Bernard Knight, formerly one of Britain’s chief pathologists, said that because of television crime dramas, jurors today expect more categorical proof than forensic science is capable of delivering. And when it comes to the gulf between reality and fiction, Dr Knight knows what he is talking about: besides 43 years’ experience of attending crime scenes, he has also written dozens of crime novels.

The upshot of this is that a new phrase has entered the criminological lexicon: the “CSI effect” after shows such as “CSI: Crime Scene Investigation”. In 2008 Monica Robbers, an American criminologist, defined it as “the phenomenon in which jurors hold unrealistic expectations of forensic evidence and investigation techniques, and have an increased interest in the discipline of forensic science.”

Now another American researcher has demonstrated that the “CSI effect” is indeed real. Evan Durnal of the University of Central Missouri’s Criminal Justice Department has collected evidence from a number of studies to show that exposure to television drama series that focus on forensic science has altered the American legal system in complex and far-reaching ways. His conclusions have just been published in Forensic Science International.

The most obvious symptom of the CSI effect is that jurors think they have a thorough understanding of science they have seen presented on television, when they do not. Mr Durnal cites one case of jurors in a murder trial who, having noticed that a bloody coat introduced as evidence had not been tested for DNA, brought this fact to the judge’s attention. Since the defendant had admitted being present at the murder scene, such tests would have thrown no light on （理解为not enlighten的意思吧）the identity of the true culprit. The judge observed that, thanks to television, jurors knew what DNA tests could do, but not when it was appropriate to use them.

Cops and robbers
The task of keeping jurors’ feet on the ground falls to lawyers and judges. In one study, carried out by Dr Robbers in 2008, 62% of defence lawyers and 69% of judges agreed that jurors had unrealistic expectations of forensic evidence. Around half of respondents in each category also felt that jury selection was taking longer than it used to, because they had to be sure that prospective jurors were not judging scientific evidence by television standards.

According to Mr Durnal, prosecutors in the United States are now spending much more time explaining to juries why certain kinds of evidence are not relevant. Prosecutors have even introduced a new kind of witness—a “negative evidence” witness—to explain that investigators often fail to find evidence at a crime scene.

Defence lawyers, too, are finding that their lives have become more complicated. On the positive side, they can benefit from jurors’ misguided notion that science solves crimes, and hence that the absence of crime-solving scientific evidence constitutes a reasonable doubt and grounds for acquittal. On the other hand they also find themselves at pains to explain that one of television’s fictional devices—an unequivocal match between a trace of a substance found at a crime scene and an exemplar stored in a database, whether it be fingerprints, DNA or some other kind of evidence—is indeed generally just fiction.

In reality, scientists do not deal in certainty but in probabilities, and the way they calculate these probabilities is complex. For example, when testifying in court, a fingerprint expert may say that there is a 90% chance of obtaining a match if the defendant left the mark, and a one in several billion chance of a match if someone else left it. In general DNA provides information of a higher quality or “individualising potential” than other kinds of evidence, so that experts may be more confident of linking it to a specific individual. But DNA experts still deal in probabilities and not certainties. As a result of all this reality checking, trials are getting longer and more cases that might previously have resulted in quick convictions are now ending in acquittals.

Criminals watch television too, and there is evidence they are also changing their behaviour. Most of the techniques used in crime shows are, after all, at least grounded in truth. Bleach, which destroys DNA, is now more likely to be used by murderers to cover their tracks. The wearing of gloves is more common, as is the taping shut—rather than the DNA-laden licking—of envelopes. 【Investigators comb（梳理） crime scenes ever more finely（细微的） for new kinds of evidence, which is creating problems with the tracking and storage of evidence, so that even as the criminals leave fewer traces of themselves behind, a backlog of cold-case evidence is building up.
】

The CSI effect can also be positive, however. In one case in Virginia jurors asked the judge if a cigarette butt had been tested for possible DNA matches to the defendant in a murder trial. It had, but the defence lawyers had failed to introduce the DNA test results as evidence. When they did, those results exonerated the defendant, who was acquitted.

Mr Durnal does not blame the makers of the television shows for the phenomenon, because they have never claimed their shows are completely accurate. (Forensic scientists do not usually wield guns or arrest people, for one thing, and tests that take minutes on television may take weeks to process in real life.)【 He argues that the CSI effect is born of a longing to believe that desirable, clever and morally unimpeachable individuals are fighting to clear the names of the innocent and put the bad guys behind bars.】 In that respect, unfortunately, life does not always imitate art.（最后这句话点醒了我啊，以后讨论art和reality的关系时可以用这个例子。）

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发表于 2010-4-28 22:26:35 |只看该作者

这篇文章太神奇了，出现了好多GRE单词，the economist是个好东西啊~~我把这篇看做GRE阅读了，对issue来说没什么借鉴意义。。。

A still-enchanted island

Will Yemen’s magical island manage to stay aloof?

Apr 22nd 2010 | HADIBOH, SOCOTRA | From The Economist print edition

Just a normal dragon’s-blood tree

MAROONED in pirate-infested （海盗横行的）waters（海域）off the Horn of Africa but tied to unruly Yemen 400km (250 miles) away, the archipelago of Socotra has a forbidding look. Scorching summer winds strand ships. So fierce is the constant gale that it has whipped beachfuls of blinding white sand into dunes hundreds of metres high that ride up the cliffs. Even in winter it is blisteringly hot. Rats, the sole occupants of one rocky islet, are so ravenous that seasonal fishermen sleep in their skiffs, afraid to languish ashore.

Yet Socotra, whose main island is the size of Majorca or Long Island, is one of the world’s last enchanted places. The 50,000 native Socotris, speaking four dialects of a singsong ancient language unintelligible to other Yemenis, subsist on fish, goats and not much else. But they inhabit a wildly varied landscape of surreal beauty. The sea teems with giant lobsters, turtles and leaping dolphins. A unique breed of civet cat roams the limestone plateaus that are seamed with gorges carved by rushing streams, and spiked by finger-like granite towers rising to 1,500 metres. The cats are just one among 700 native species of plants and animals found nowhere else on earth.

Most astonishing are the trees. The dragon’s blood species, oozing red sap and looking like a cross between a steroidal mushroom and a monster broccoli, towers to 15 metres and lives for up to 500 years. The bottle tree, plump and leathery at its base, tapers to a sprout of twisting, hand-like little branches clutching bouquets of pink flowers. But even the ordinary here seems odd. Socotri cows, a breed recorded in Egyptian reliefs dating to 1,400bc, could be Friesians or Jerseys, except that they are barely waist-high.

Since Yemen’s government tarmacked（tarmac的变形，动词解释为乘飞机进行短程竞选游说，但是这里应该是建轨道的意思） an old British air force strip（这里应该是轨道的意思） in 1999, jets land on Socotra, bringing a daily handful of tourists, environmental do-gooders and bales of qat. Paved roads now link the main towns. Even some of the troglodytic hamlets of the rocky interior sport satellite dishes. Time, which used to follow the 13-day months of an ancient Socotri calendar, is falling into rhythm with the rest of the planet. The Socotris, whose sultan was deposed by the Marxists of South Yemen and later found themselves ruled from even-more-distant Sana’a, feel aloof from （远离）Yemen’s troubles. Will their enchantment last?

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7楼

发表于 2010-4-29 09:08:00 |只看该作者

4.28
早上复习了3个LIST，背了3个LIST。记忆率80%吧
下午做了看了两篇economist的文章
然后改了别人的argument两篇。

昨天因为乱七八糟的事情比较多，没有写issue或者argument，罪过啊。。今天补上~~~

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8楼

发表于 2010-4-29 23:57:35 |只看该作者

4.29
早上复习了6个LIST，没有来得及背单词就去上课了，结果上课完全不能集中注意力复习啊，杯具。。
看了economist的阅读一篇
列了ISSUE的提纲5篇
写了issue186，耗时1小时左右，500多个字，杯具的发现有点偏题了。明天找人帮我看过之后改写一下吧。。

这两天有篮球赛比较累，明天开始可以完全地按照进度来啦~~~

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9楼

发表于 2010-4-29 23:59:03 |只看该作者

还是发上来吧，希望有人能给我点意见~~~
issue 186-----Practicality is now our great idol, which all powers and talents must serve. Anything that is not obviously practical has little value in today's world

Practicality is a philosophical notion that refers to certain pattern of people preferring useful and achievable things. It to some extent accords with our emphasizing on materials and interests in the contemporary time. So some people make the proposition that practicality now represents our great idol, anything without practical use valued little. I disagree with the assertion considering other elements greatly functioned in our lives.

First of all, besides materials and achievements we chase and have already gain, the moral satisfaction fulfilled is of equally significance. Under contemporary atmosphere where pressure surrounds us everywhere, we call for emission of negative psychological emotions and the pursuit of positive ones. Things which could provide us such moral satisfaction, regardless of its practical usefulness and worth, they value greatly in providing us morale and confidence towards anything we meet with, while they to some extent bring psychological support for our chasing of practical things. Thus we could come to the conclusion that moral satisfaction is what we should serve powers and talents to as well.

An equally important aspect is that there also exist some social spirits we are always chasing like the religions, liberty, ideality, artistry and endless others. They play indispensible roles in today’s world. For instance, the liberty, which costs people long time and great efforts to achieve, from the Revolution of America, to the foundation of People’s Republic of China, from the Declaration of Independence to the continuous announcement of self-governed nations. People never cease their footsteps in attaining liberty. Even today, when formal and political liberty has been achieved, individual’s liberty is especially cherished and needed. Such social spirits should never be overlooked of their authentic value.

However, pragmatism actually stands superior to anything else in some certain situations. Corporates make all efforts to maximize their profits while students struggle to get higher scores, since those profits and grades, which represent the judging standard in society, could provide useful awards as well as promising futures. We need those practical things to certify a better life since the contemporary emphasize so much on the pursuit of material and interest.

So the correct attitude towards pragmatism, from my perspective, is to counterbalance it with the pursuit of emotional satisfaction and social spirits. Living in current atmosphere which greatly concentrate on the practical use of certain things, we must not overlook the importance of achieving materials , interests and other practical things. However, other personal or social moral things could also be taken into account, basically the social spirits like liberty and religion bring solid foundation for us and allow us to concentrate on attaining other things without distraction. And personal moral satisfaction, which seemingly more private, is one of the decisive elements of our quality and effectiveness in getting those practical things.

In sum, overemphasize on the value of practical things actually is a unsuitable attitude and may cause emotional loss. We should keep a good balance when considering things’ practical and spiritual and moral value. Thus pragmatism along can not create sufficient wealth. Only by combined with personal and social emotion could individual’s and material’s value be fulfilled.

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10楼

发表于 2010-4-30 23:17:38 |只看该作者

今天的进度
早上复习了一个LIST，背了3个LIST
做了两篇ECONOMIST阅读
列了5篇提纲
杨鹏难句10句，发现在看过ECONOMIST阅读之后，杨鹏难句居然不那么难了，果然还是需要积累的啊~

版主大人快点把我加到群里吧，我不想一个人孤军奋战啊:dizzy:

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11楼

发表于 2010-5-4 12:25:48 |只看该作者

五一有点荒废了，把这几天的进度统一写到一起吧。。

1）单词背了6个LIST，复习了6个LIST。
2）阅读两个单元，平均错了5个。其实文章意思看得懂，但是做题怎么总是做不对呢。。而且奇怪的发现短篇文章错的比较多啊。。
3）economist看了两篇
4）看了一个mass intelligent的debate，挺有用的。。

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发表于 2010-5-4 12:33:36 |只看该作者

China, America and the yuan

Over to you（交给你了）, China
America has dampened a currency row with China. Now Beijing must let the yuan rise
Apr 8th 2010 | From The Economist print edition

IT DID not win him friends in Congress, but Tim Geithner, America’s treasury secretary, was right to postpone a decision, due by April 15th, on whether or not to declare China a currency manipulator. By putting off the release of a semi-annual report on China’s exchange rate he defused, at least temporarily, Sino-American tension over the value of the yuan, which has been pegged tightly to the dollar since July 2008. Even better, he did so in a way that maximises the odds of a resolution of the currency problem.
TG成功的延缓了一条关于中国是否有资格成为货币操纵国的决议，缓解了人民币的压力。
Chinese policymakers now have several months to allow the yuan to strengthen without appearing to be caving in to bilateral American pressure—no small consideration, given China’s fierce nationalist sensitivity. Mr Geithner also tried to shift the terms of the debate away from bilateral threats, by making clear that forthcoming multilateral meetings, especially those of the G20, are the right places to discuss China’s currency. And his willingness to stand up to domestic political pressure (130 congressmen had sent him a letter demanding immediate action), set a good example to policymakers in Beijing. To be sure, the decision was not driven only by economics. America’s administration wants China to support tough sanctions on Iran, for instance. But the economic diplomacy was deft. America has shown it can behave responsibly. China must now do the same—by allowing the yuan to rise.
TG想通过多边会议向中国施加压力，要求他们让人民币升值，他的想法得到了许多议员的大力支持。他的决议不只是是出于经济需要，还有政治因素的考量。

A stronger yuan would not just avoid a trade war between America and China. It would also help China by rebalancing its economy towards domestic consumption and making it easier to control inflation by giving China’s central bank a freer hand to raise interest rates. With consumer prices accelerating, that is becoming more urgent. Not surprisingly, China’s central bank is the main internal proponent of reform. But this week a senior government economist also hinted at a coming shift.
升值的人民币不仅可以防止中美贸易战争，还能扩大中国内需，让中央银行更易控制通货膨胀。因此中央银行应该是对人民币升值最大的内部支持者。
Opponents of a stronger yuan argue that the country can ill-afford to harm job-creating exporters, especially since much of the recent credit binge（信贷热潮） from government stimulus benefited capital-intensive heavy industries which create relatively few jobs (see page 81). But China’s economy is disproportionately skewed to heavy industry in part because of its undervalued exchange rate. A stronger currency would, by reducing the price of imports, increase Chinese households’ purchasing power and favour non-traded businesses such as services, which tend to be labour-intensive. That alone will not be enough to rebalance China’s economy.
All manner of structural reforms, from corporate governance to taxes, are also needed. But a stronger currency would be a good start.
关于这项决议的反对者认为这会损害中国出口所创造的巨大利益和大量职位。然而中国经济过于依赖重工业及出口，人民币的升值可以降低进口价格，促进服务业等无贸易领域的发展，使中国经济更趋向于平衡。
Now’s the time
Although domestic matters are higher on the Chinese government’s agenda, the external benefits of currency appreciation are not to be sniffed at. America is the loudest complainant, but it is other emerging economies, such as India and Brazil, that suffer most from the cheapness of China’s currency. So far, their governments have stayed remarkably quiet, but that is unlikely to last, especially if the yuan becomes a focal point of the G20 discussions.
除美国之外，还有许多国家对中国过低的出口价格不满。
Judged by its official trade rules, China is more open than most big emerging economies, but its hidden subsidies and barriers are legion, and recent actions, such as new government-procurement rules that favour domestic producers, point in the wrong direction. Trade disputes with China are spreading across the globe. Given the country’s growth and economic heft（importance）, that is probably inevitable. But allowing the yuan to appreciate (这里是升值的意思)would allow China to appease its trading partners at the same time as helping itself.
中国现行的许多政策，包括最近政府对国内企业采购的偏好，指向了错误的方向。人民币升值不仅可以帮助中国平息与他国间的贸易纠纷，也可以帮助自己保持经济比例的平衡。

Comment:
not happy after reading that, I fell strongly that USA just demand yuan's appreciation out of personal interest and preferring, not as it pointed out ---considering China's unbalanced propotion in her economical stucture. For me, it's just a deceptive declaration, regardless how reasonable it seems.

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