0910G 同主题写作第六期 Issue157 WDI小组 By xydeng [复制链接]

xydeng
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电梯直达

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发表于 2009-6-26 12:26:06 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览

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lucarl
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沙发

发表于 2009-6-26 17:06:43 |只看该作者

157"There is no such thing as purely objective observation. All observation is subjective; it is always guided by the observer's expectations or desires."

The speaker claims there is no completely objective observation in this world, and all observation is led by the observer’s perspectives. From my own lens, I’m inclined to agree with the speaker’s claim that the observation can not prevent from being shaped by a perspective of the observer. However, I believe a relatively objective observation could be accessible (accessed) if our views would be examined by a relatively scientific and objective approach which restricts the influence of our subjective matters.

We should admit that the means of human’s observation are strongly connected with our subjective matters, such as own interests, identity in terms of ethnicity and gender, cultural, religion, ideology, personal life experience, and so on. Owing to lacking a relatively uniform view of world and value, often, the observations in realms of society and individual life are more difficult to be objective than that (those) of scientific research. Confronting a same fact of warfare, people from different nations often make completely different comments on it. Take the early life of Saddam Hussein as an example; many people in Iraq may perceive Saddam Hussein as a national hero due to his boldness during the Iraq-Iran war in the 1980s. The people in most Arabic countries, such as Saudi, even Kuwait, thought Saddam as a proctor of all Arabic world who stopped the potential threat from Iran. However, the Iran governors definitely thought Saddam as a completely tyrant. This case clearly indicates that the means of people’s observations are influenced by own interests and religious backgrounds.

例子太贴切了！很佩服！mark一下思路：这一段说的是所有observations多少都要受到主观因素的影响。

However, I believe it is entirely possible that attaining a relatively objective observation of some social affairs which can be judged by human’s collective value of morality and law, such as common senses of righteousness（justice） and common notion of right and wrong.(这里有点重复) It is also easier to be achieved when people are sharing common interests. I am also confident to see an objective standard has been established in studies of science and engineering, even social sciences（social subjects, 不论如何，我总觉得将social和science放在一起，很不妥。Anyway, 批判性接受吧~呵呵）. We should admit that a certain degree of differences in terms of identity, culture, and religion exist, but human clearly are sharing some collective value of morality and law. For example, I notice that killing innocent citizens during a war is strictly forbidden by the military laws of all the countries in this world. It substantiates that protect the innocent is one of common value notions which are respected by all people in the world. If such killing occurred, the killers should be condemned and punished by their own side without a doubt.又是一个很好的例子！很完美的证明了point. Therefore, a relatively objective observation can be obtained based upon a common notion of morality. The well-established axioms, principle and theory in sciences research help people to fulfill a relatively reliable and convinced process of science research which ensure the result of the research can be proved by other people who use same method. The objectiveness of the methodology guarantees that a particular research result would not change if it is examined by other people. And it avoids at most the potential influence of any subjective matters which mentioned above.科学的客观性，体现在它的可重复性！完美！
我怎么就想不到。。。Social science同上, like economics, also has established a relatively objective research approach which greatly benefits from the analysis of statistics. Due to the objectiveness of statistics and methodology, the result of the report also would not change if there was not any effect of subjective factors. For example, the result of GDP of a particular nation during a certain period is always objective and unique number and not be changed by differences of perspectives.

继续mark思路：先说sharing some collective value of morality and law，用滥杀无辜证明之；再说a relatively reliable and convinced process of science research ensuring others can prove the results using the same method, 写出了科学的客观性。
完全清晰的思路！

All in all, I agree with the speaker’s claim that the observation can not prevent from being shaped by a perspective of the observer if we are dealing with an issue is strongly relevant with personal life, interest, and any other subjective matters. However, I believe a relatively objective observation could be accessible we are dealing with some social affairs which can be judged by human’s collective value of morality and law, such as common senses of righteousness and common notion of right and wrong. And in science studies, our views are also relatively objective, if we examined it by a relatively scientific and objective approach which restricts the influence of our subjective matters.

请允许我非常惭愧的没有指出什么可行性的批评~
我昨天在写这篇Issue的时候，脑子完全纠结住了。现在看到你这篇文章，感觉非常舒服，很流畅的就把事情说清楚了。满眼都是完美的论据，非常好的佐证了你的points。

不过改作文，批评比赞扬要有用处的多，所以这篇文章的互改，实际上我没有起到帮助的作用。要说积极作用，可能能给点信心吧~呵呵。

最后说一点：
你说同意“任何observations都不能避免被主观因素作用”，但是“相对客观的observations是完全存在的”。

在证明相对客观的observations存在时，你选择的主观因素是interests, 个人利益使得人们产生分歧，共同利益使得人们达成一致。如果将样本范围再扩大，比如说算上外星人，他们觉得“滥杀无辜”是好事情，因为人口太多了。那么这样一来，地球人和外星人岂非各执一词，都是主观observations了？都是代表各自的interests了？所以，达成共识不能证明不存在主观因素作用了。

不过，在证明科学研究方面，“客观的科学实验的可重复性”这一论据非常完美！因为只有剔除了subjective的研究，才可被复制。而剔除subjective的工具，就是已经建立起来的科学体系，可能这个科学体系还不完美，还不能完全剔除研究者的主管因素，但是，我们是在朝着一个正确的方向前进的！

好啦，就是这样，本文对我的启发甚大，准备修改Issue157~

Bow，受教了~

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