3、"It is more important to allocate money for immediate, existing social problems than to spend it on long-term research that might help future generations."
不同意。
1短期投资解燃眉之急护短,热门社会问题总是会层出不穷,目标之多容易造成资金短缺和投资亏损。
2长期投资项目看起来现在没有明显的好处,但是无形中改善整体环境,并渐渐使有的热门问题从根本上解决。长期投资项目都会得到人们的慎重考虑,不易造成资金的浪费和投资方向错误。在科技发达的现代,追求可持续发展是时代的召唤。
9"Academic disciplines have become so specialized in recent years that scholars' ideas reach only a narrow audience. Until scholars can reach a wider audience, their ideas will have little use."
不同意。
1学术性研究过于专业化,确实会减少一时的读者。但是专业化的专业所在就是专职研究。专业研究不会因为时间的推迟而改变其实质的内容。学术研究都是具有科学依据的,而刚开始的读者人少,只是因为其文化载体过于专业普通人读不懂而已。
2学者把专业知识平民化,这确实需要一个过程。在这个过程中,其所在的研究中心不会改变,不会变的一文不值。
19"If a society is to thrive, it must put its own overall success before the well-being of its individual citizens."
不同意。
1整个社会繁荣能给个人功成名就提供各种稳定条件,但是社会繁荣是建立在多人的个人成就基础上的,两者相辅相成,而不是像题中提到的一定要社会先变强。
22"Many people believe that a few individuals or small groups (family, friends, teachers, celebrities, for example) have caused them to think and behave in the way they do. Yet it is always society as a whole that defines us and our attitudes, not a few individuals."
同意。
1一个人生活的环境在一生中有众多变化。小时候被家里人影响,后来变成学校,然后进入社会,小环境随着时间的变化在转移,具有不稳定性。
2而大环境无时不刻地在影响着一个人的生活。大环境对个人的影响力深远,既可以直接影响也可以间接的影响。大环境作为一个文化背景,让人从小模仿吸收,于是便有了各个社会不同的风俗习惯。受大环境影响的其他群体,进而通过媒体等其他媒介影响个人。
23"Contemporary technology makes available many small pieces of factual information. As a result, people have become so preoccupied with bits of fragmented information that they pay too little attention to the larger issues and overall perspectives."
不同意。
1科技不发达时期,人们只能看看书,或者通过口头传递消息和知识。人们的视角狭小无法全面触及到整个社会的大潮流。
2发达的科技让人们的消息不再闭塞,新闻媒体不再独占鳌头,人们进入发达的网络信息时代。这让人们全面的了解到各方面的知识,同时更加关注社会大问题和全局远景。
29"Public figures such as actors, politicians, and athletes should expect people to be interested in their private lives. When they seek a public role, they should expect that they will lose at least some of their privacy."
同意。
公众人物经常出入人们视线,人们对其形象的印象也便无形中形成了固有模式。这个模式并不影响名人的行为举止,但是与该模式有出入的那些行为便成了人们口中津津乐道的话题——隐私里的丑闻。公众人物与平常百姓一样的生活着,有的生活习惯和行为举止被报告是因为名人身份,自己收敛了,媒体挖不到新闻,自然不会受到隐私侵犯。成名了,媒体要追随你,这是常理之中的事。
33"Creating an appealing image has become more important in contemporary society than is the reality or truth behind that image."
不同意。
1本质才是真正的内在,只有真正强的本质实力才能在社会上发挥其作用来长久立足。比如一个公司的运转,办公环境很好,可是办公人员都很涣散工作效率都很低,这样的公司很难立足。
2包装好看,但是如果实力不强就像建了别墅在天天在里面喝粥一样,没有余力干大事。
所以要讲究实在,包装作为辅助条件来运用更合适。
41"Such nonmainstream areas of inquiry as astrology, fortune-telling, and psychic and paranormal pursuits play a vital role in society by satisfying human needs that are not addressed by mainstream science."
1这些非主流分支科学可以概况成迷信,主要是满足人的精神需要,有很久的历史,在科技不发达的时间尤其。
2但是随着主流科学的发展,越来越多的人认识到非主流科学缺乏根据性,而更有根据性的心理学从生理和心理上深刻剖析人的内在世界并不断的完善自身,现代人们更趋向去进行心理治疗。
46"While some leaders in government, sports, industry, and other areas attribute their success to a well-developed sense of competition, a society can better prepare its young people for leadership by instilling in them a sense of cooperation."
合作与竞争是相互相成的。
政府领导,顶级运动员,高级企业都是以竞争激烈出名。只有拥有强大个人竞争力的人可以担当。这个要求个人的全面高素质才能力压群雄。
但是每个强大个人身后必有一个团队的支持。团队里的人员相互合作力推,站在前面的人才更有底气,没有合作带来的好处,领头的也无法发挥极致。
所以对于年轻人的培养,要讲究综合运用合作与竞争。
49"Imaginative works such as novels, plays, films, fairy tales, and legends present a more accurate and meaningful picture of human experience than do factual accounts. Because the creators of fiction shape and focus reality rather than report on it literally, their creations have a more lasting significance."
虚构作品并不能真实准确展现人们经验阅历。虚构作品的意义不在于展现人的生活形态,而在于其欣赏价值。