[分享]我的难句小总结

草篓UID: 162493

可能有和杨鹏的重复的
给6g它们用吧
总结的还是太少，如果大家有热心，也把自己的难句总结帖上来吧，众人拾柴火焰高呀。 多的话让斑竹整理一下。 不管怎么说，杨鹏的难句还是不够练的。
今天的阅读看起来挺简单，但我还是太慢了。有不少是我看着哪个选项和我的胃口，就选它了。我想阅读的时间也是一个普遍的问题吧。我再重复一遍前人的话，阅读不管多简单（这句是我的），一定要花时间练。


一
1 They are committed,not just to psychology in general,but to Freudian psychoanalysis.
  他们所信奉的不只是一般的心理学方法，而是弗洛伊德的精神分析法。
  be committed to 信奉
2 As for the left-eyed and right-eyed flatfish,their difference,however striking,appears to be an evolutionary red herring.
  至于左眼比目鱼右眼比目鱼，其区别尽管多么引人注目，看起来好像是进化论中的熏鲱鱼，实在是转移注意力的闲扯。
  an evolutionary red herring 进化论中的熏鲱鱼，英语成语。作者认为比目鱼是左眼比目鱼还是右眼比目鱼，跟进化机制没有关系，就好像捕鱼时用小船拖着熏制的鲱鱼把星鲨从鱼群引开一样，同进化论的主题并没有关系。
3 G.H.Parker reasoned that if for example a flatfish's left eye migrated when the right optic nerve was on top there would be a twisting of nerves,which might be mechanically disadvantageous.For starry flouders,then,the left-eyed variety would be selected against,since in a starry flouder the left optic nerve is uppermost.
  G.H.帕克曾推论：例如，假如比目鱼右视觉神经在上端，左眼迁移时，左右视觉神经就会缠绕起来，这可能引起既能损害。那么，对于星蝶比目鱼来说，由于左视觉神经在最上端，左眼品种就不会被选择。
  against 读到这个词，第一反应容易理解为介词，但后面没有介宾成分，实际是副词，要注意此词的副词用法。由于左视觉神经连接右脑，右视觉神经连接左脑，比目鱼在双眼移到同一侧前，两条是神经已经是交叉的了。
4 The author implies that a mineral must either be or readily supply which of the following in order to be classified as an aluminum ore?
  作者暗示要被归入铝矿石，必须是或者容易提供下列哪一种矿石？
  readily 容易的
5 The appropriateness of such an approach may seem self-evident for a tradition commencing with spirituals and owing its early forms,rhythms,vocabulary,and evangelical fervor to Wesleyan hymnals.
  对于起源于圣歌，并从韦斯利赞美诗集那里汲取其早期形式、韵律、词汇和传教热情的美国黑人诗歌传统来说，这种分析方法显然是非常合适的。
  The appropriateness may seem self-evident for a tradition().
6 The absolute temperature changes,however,are from 5 to 14 times greater than would be expected on the basis of carbon dioxide's own ability to absorb infrared radiation,or radiant heat.
  可是，气温变化的绝对值是根据二氧化碳自身吸收红外辐射能或辐射热能的能力预期能产生的气温变化的5倍到14倍。
7 That theory maintains that a density wave of spiral form sweeps through the central plane of a galaxy,compressing couds of gas and dust,which collapse into stars that form a spiral pattern.
  那种理论主张：一种螺旋形式的密度波席卷星系的中心平面，压缩气尘云使之塌缩成呈螺旋形分布的星球体系。
8 The common belief of some linguists that each language is a perfect vehicle for the thoughts of the nation speaking it is in some ways the exact counterpart of the conviction of the Manchester school of economics that supply and demand will regulate everything for the best.
  某些经济学家的共同信念是每一种语言都是传达该语言民族的思想的完美工具。这种信念同曼彻斯特经济学学派认为供应与需要会把一切调节到最佳状态的信条在某种程度上是极其相似的。
9 With regard to this last question,we might note in passing that Thompson,while rightly restoring laboring people to the stage of eighteenth-century English history,has probably exaggerated the opposition of these people to the inroads of capitalist consumerism in general.
  关于最后这一点，我们也许可以顺便提到汤姆森。他虽然正确的恢复了劳动人民在18世纪英国历史舞台上的地位，却也许夸张了这些人总的反对资本主义消费主义侵蚀的程度。
10 These questions are political in the sense that the debate over them will inevitably be less an exploration of abstract matters in a spirit of disinterested inquiry than an academic power struggle in which the careers and professional fortunes of many women scholars only now entering the academic profession in substantial numbers will be at stake, and with them the chances for a distinctive contribution to humanistic understanding,a contribution that might be an important influence against sexism in our society.
  这些问题在如下含义上是政治性的；对于这些问题的争论必将是：与其说这是以一种无私的探究精神来探索深奥问题，倒不如说这是一场学术权力之争。在这场争斗中，许多女学者（只是现在才大量进入学术专业领域）的学术生涯和专业命运将处于危机之中；而对人文学科的理解作出与众不同的贡献的机遇也和她们同在。这种贡献也许能在当今社会反对歧视妇女的事业中产生重要的影响。

二
1 Canonand Islanmic law,on the contrary,were dominated by dualism of religion and state,where the state was not,incontrast with Judaism,an alien power but the political expression of the same religion.
  相反，天主教法和伊斯兰教法为其宗教与国家二元论所支配，因而同犹太教形成对照。在此，国家并不是一种异己的力量，而是同一宗教的政治表现形式。
2 This is so even though the armed forces operate in an ethos of institutional change oriented toward occupational equality and under the federal sanction of equal pay for equal work.
  即使军队在机构朝着职业平等方向变革的气氛中、以及在联邦政府同工同酬的法令指导下运转，事情还是这样。       
3 In natural harmony with this choice of subject matter are the social sensibilities of the artist,who remains active today with the Cinque Gallery in Manhattan,which he helped found and which is devoted to showing the work of minority  artists.
  跟这种题材选择自然和谐的是艺术家对社会的敏感。艺术家至今仍然积极从事曼哈顿五点画廊的工作。该画廊是他帮助创办的，专门用来展出少数民族艺术家的作品。
4 The demarcation of philosophy from science was facilitated by the development in the early  nineteenth century of a new notion,that philosophy's core interest should be epistemology,the general explanation of what is means to know something.
  促使把哲学从科学中区分开来的是19世纪初发展起来的一种新观念，即哲学的核心兴趣应该是认识论，用来一般的解释认识某事的含义。
  demarcation n. 分界，定界；划分，区分
5 It is not known how rare this resemblance is,or whether it is most often seen in inclusions of silicates such as garnet whose crystallography is generally somewhat similar to that of diamond;but when present,the resemblance is regarded as compelling evidence that the diamonds and inclusions are truly cognate.
  现在还不知道这种相似情况的罕见程度，或者这种相似情况是否最经常在诸如石榴石这样的硅酸盐包体中可以看到。这种石榴石包体的结晶体结构一般同钻石的结晶体结构有些相似。但是，这种相似情况的存在，被认为是钻石同这种硅酸盐包体实际上是同族的最有说服力的证据。
  silicate n. [化]硅酸盐； garnet n. [矿]石榴石
6 Although,at present,scientists cannot explain how these relatively small molecules combined to preduce larger,more complex molecules,some scientists have precipitously ventured hypotheses that attenmpt to explain the development, from these larger molecules,of the earliest self-duplicating organisms.
  虽然科学家目前还不能解释这些较小的分子是怎样合成较大较复杂的分子的，但是有些科学家则仓促而大胆的提出了种种假说，试图解释这些较大的分子是怎样发展成为最早期的具有自我复制能力的生物体的。
  这一句中最值得关注的词是precipitously, 仓促而大胆，是表示怀疑态度的语气词。
7 Since science tries to deal with reality,even the most precise sciences normally work with more or less imperfectly understood approximations toward which scientists must maintain an appropriate skepticism.
  既然科学要探究显示，甚至最精确的科学通常也是以多少尚未完全理解的近似醒来进行工作。因而对于这种近似性，科学家必须保持适当的怀疑态度。
8 The quantum theory,however,suggests otherwise,for every observation involves the passage of a complete quantum from the object to the subject,and it now appears that this passage constitutes an important coupling between observer and observed.
  然而，量子理论不这样认为，因为所有的观察都包括一个完整的量子从客体进入主体的通路。目前看来，这种通路在观察者和被观察者之间构成一种重要的联结。
9 Islamic law is a phenomenon so different from all other forms of law--notwithstanding,of course,a considerable and inevitable number of coincidences with one or the other of them as far as subject matter and positive enactments are concerned--that its study is indispensable in order to appreciate adequately the full range of possible legal phenomena.
  伊斯兰教法是一种同所有其他法律形式很不相同的法律现象，尽管就法律题材和成文条款而言，当然相互之间有许多必然巧合。因此，为了充分理解全部可能的法律现象，研究伊斯兰教法是必不可少的。
10 Extended debate concerning the exact point of origin of individual folktales told by Afro-American slaves has unfortunately taken precedence over analysis of the tales, meaning and function.
  不幸的是，人们对美国黑奴个别民间故事的确切起源地点争论的无休无止，而不是首先对民间故事的意义和作用进行分析。

三

1 Of course,it would be as dangerous to overreact to history by concluding that the majority must now be wrong about expansion as it would be to reenact the response that greeted the suggestion that the continents had drifted.
  当然，过分强调科学史的经验教训，因而得出结论认为大多数人目前关于地球膨胀说的想法想必是错的，这是危险的。这种做法跟重新作出解释来适应大陆漂移说的做法同样是危险的。
  第二个as前面叙述的内容是危险的，后面叙述的内容同样是危险的。