刚刚的模考,大家帮忙看看有没有4分吧,有的话我就安心生病了～

firzenUID: 2659682

如题...备考ａｗ实在太累了，工科生，要求不高４分就够了。。
还有几天考试，趁早把病生了。。。



题目：ISSUE28 - "Students should memorize facts only after they have studied the ideas, trends, and concepts that help explain those facts. Students who have learned only facts have learned very little."
字数：658          用时：00:40:13          日期：2009/8/31 21:57:58
It is proverbially known that learning by the way of rote can benefit little, yet the speaker puts forward an assertive proposition that only after they have knew about the ideas, trends and conceptions should students memorize facts, to which I can hardly uphold. In my mind, the issue that whether students should memorize facts first or to studied the concepts and ideas first should be determined by the extent and process of their learning, rather than making the conclusion without pondering the practical situation.
To begin with, it is true that only by learning and reciting facts, students can learn very little, because they are not able to master the skills of reasoning and logical thinking by rote. In the study of English, for example, it is impossible for nearly everyone to remenber all the English words, which are still increasing day by day, especially for foreign students. Thus the learning of the principle of the formation of words plays a crucial role in reciting the words, through which students can learn about the meanings of different affrixes and help to remenber the numerous disparate words. When it comes to the field of maths, it is similarly significant for students to study the basic formula and axiom, for a variety of complex equations and principles can be deduced on the basis of these simple formula. In short, learning the trends and concepts that help explain the facts they taught, students can learn more efficently and effectively.
However, it is too cursory to assert that students should memorize facts only after they have studies the concepts explaining those facts and it is not difficult to point out the paradox that lurks in this assertion. If students should not, as the speaker claims in the topic statement, memorize any facts before further studying about the ideas and concepts, how can they understand the concepts that aims to explain the facts? Take the example in English learning again. If students have not yet remenbered the twenty-six letters in the alphabet when they are learning the principle of forming words or grammar, it is no doubt that there will be a great obstacle for them to comprehend the concepts and ideas. Similarly, if students have not been taught about the fundamental meanings and facts in physics, they will inevitably be confused by the senior trends and concepts taught by the teacher. Therefore, the speaker's assertion oversimplifies the complexity in the process of study.
What's more, in my opinion, the process of learning is complicated and different methods should be applied in different steps, while the primary and ultimate goal of learning is to innovate and invent. When students first touch a certain discipline, inevitably they should memorize some facts on the purpose of further learning. So ineffective and boring as it may be, it is an indispensable procedure in learning, as though the remembering of the alphabet and the elementary English words. After that, rote become unnecessary and students should be taught the concepts that help to explain and menmorize the facts, helping them to develop the ability of reasoning and imagination, just like the process of learning grammar and the principle of forming words. Finally, students should be encouraged to develop the sense of invention and innovation, and try to work out original ideas and concepts by themselves, like the process of creating new words. The three steps mentioned above reveal that the process of education and learning should not be stubborn, but dramatic.
To sum up, admittedly only by learning facts, students could learn very little and studying the relevant ideas and concepts can greatly benifit the learning process. Yet the speaker's one-sided assertion neglect the various factors and steps in the process of learning. Thus it is a more feasible solution to treat students differently in the different steps of their study and try to encourage their sense of innovation, which is also the primary goal of education.


题目：ARGUMENT97 - The following appeared in a memo from the manager of television station KICK.
"A nationwide survey reveals that a sizeable majority of men would like to see additional sports programs on television. After television station WACK increased its sports broadcasts, its share of the television audience in its viewing area almost doubled. To gain a larger audience share in our area, and thus increase company profits, KICK should also revise its broadcast schedule to include more sports coverage."
字数：563          用时：00:27:25          日期：2009/8/31 21:57:58
In the topic statement, the manager of KICK puts forward a proposition that their television station should modify its schedule of broadcast to include more sports coverage on the purpose of gaining a larger audience share and making more profits. Somewhat reasonable as the suggestion may be, the conclusion is deduce on the basis of a series unsubstantiated inferences, remaining to be deficient and thus the fallacies are being refuted as follows.
First of all, so obscure are the details of the survey mentioned in the statement that it can hardly be cogent. It is entirely possible that the sample size of the survey is not big enough to meet the stastical criterion to be accepted as a valid, convincing data. Or perhaps the participants of the survey are not selected randomly, but are the ones live in the same region, or share similar living habit, or in the same age period, preventing the result from being representative. Furthermore, the survey is made in national range, so that it may not be suitable for the situation in the area of KICK. Either scenario above, if true, would greatly weaken the reliability of the result of the survey.
The second flaw lies in that the success of WACK in its share of audience may not be copied merely by using the same measure to revise KICK's broadcast schedule to focus on the sports events. Maybe the viewing area of WACK boasts a much more amount of male audience than the area of KICK so that the sports broadcasts enjoy an extremely popular. Also, the possibility can't be ruled out that the WACK station uses some other methods, such as makeing advertisement in the district or publishing the introductions of their programmes in the Internet, to catch the audience's attention and the broadcast of sports may not be the fundamental reason to their success. In short, failing to consider the various possible factors that may exert an impact to the result, the author's untenable inference weakens the logic of the argument.
Not only does the manager fails to warrant the assumptions above, but he or she also seems to be too cursory in making the summarization and providing the solution withou pondering the feasibility and possible side effect of revising the broadcast schedule. It is entirely possible that the changing in the schedule may cause an decline in the female audience who are not fond of sports and athelete, making KICK's share of audience even smaller. Or perhaps the revising in programmes will cost a lot of money including buying the rights of sports match and so on, and leads to a decreasing profits. Therefore, it can be estimated that adopting the author's proposal may be harmful, rather than beneficial in the long term.
In sum, it is comprehensable for the manager to find a method on the purpose of increasing the profit of KICK. Yet because of the negligence of various possible factors, including the insufficent evidence and details of the mentioned survey, the argument fails to be logical as well as persuasive. To undergird his or her conclusion, and to seek for a feasible solution, the author needs to provide further evidence to prove that it is profitable for the television station to produce more sports programs, and take the factors discuss above into consideration in order to work out a reasonable proposal.