谁再帮我找两篇文献 <done>

汉魂唐魄UID: 115649

1. Animal models of depression in drug discovery: a historical perspective.

作 者： McArthur R；Borsini F 刊 名： Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior  年，卷(期)： 2006vol.84(no.3)  

2. Animal modeling of depressive disorders
European Neuropsychopharmacology, V
olume 15, Issue null, Pages S89-S91
B.Leonard

另外12月2，3日在天津，然后在北京度周末，谁能出来聚聚？tree？小楚？

GuessyUID: 2184792

No.1

GuessyUID: 2184792

No.2

yanhuangbabyUID: 178305

我找了全文但是下载要30多刀.....


Abstract
Over the course of the last 50 years many models of major depressive disorder have been developed on the basis of theoretical aspects of this disorder. These models and procedures have been crucial in the discovery and development of clinically-effective drugs. Notwithstanding, there is presently great concern about the discrepancy between positive outcomes of new candidate drugs in animal models and apparent lack of efficacy in humans i.e., the predictive validity of animal models. Some reasons for this concern lie in the over-reliance in the face value of behavioural models, design of clinical trials, placebo responses, genetic variations in response to drugs, species differences in bioavailability and toxicology, and not least, disinterest of pharmaceutical sponsors to continue developing certain drugs. Present model development is focusing on endophenotypic aspects of behaviours rather than trying to model whole syndromes. This essay traces the origins and theoretical bases of our animal models of depression or depressed-like behaviours in humans and indicates how they have evolved from behavioural assays used to measure the potency and efficacy of potential candidate drugs to tools by which endophenotypes of depression may be identified and verified pharmacologically. A cautionary note is included though to indicate that the true predictive validity of our models will not be fully assessed until we can determine the attrition rate of molecules discovered from new drug targets translating into clinically-effective drugs.

Keywords: Animal; Models; Depression; Review; Stress; Anhedonia; Clinical trial; Placebo; Pharmacogenomics; Endophenotypes; Validity; Translational research

Article Outline
1. Introduction
2. Origins of animal models of major depressive disorder
3. Neurochemical models of depression
4. Ethological models of depression based on social stress (separation, prolonged isolation, social hierarchy)
5. Ethological models of depression, based on environmental stress (learned helplessness, forced swimming test/tail suspension, chronic stress)
6. Olfactory bulbectomy
7. Operant response models
8. Natural genetic models of depression
9. Other tests and models proposed
9.1. Electrical kindling
9.2. Chemical convulsants
9.3. Circadian rhythms and phase-shift
10. Present directions: genetic approaches to modelling depressed-like behavioural endophenotypes
10.1. Genetic techniques and behavioural analyses
10.2. Modelling endophenotypes: anhedonia
11. So why aren't we producing new antidepressants?
12. Are we measuring the same thing in animal models of depression that is being measured in groups of depressed patients in clinical trials?
13. Where do we go from here?
14. Conclusions
References

yanhuangbabyUID: 178305

第2个

yanhuangbabyUID: 178305

猜猜动作真快!

GuessyUID: 2184792

猜猜动作真快!
yanhuangbaby 发表于 2009-11-19 17:52

我最近几个project都赶到一起 读了有将百篇文章 下论文的动作都麻木了

genie05UID: 30358

TREES估计没戏吧。哈
真幸福。我也想回去

汉魂唐魄UID: 115649

谢谢

genie05UID: 30358

bukeqi .haha