超级无敌大菜鸟的arge提纲（不拍砖勿进）——不定时更新

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题目1.The following appeared in a memorandum written by the vice president of Nature's Way, a chain of stores selling health food and other health-related products.
（大前提①"Previous experience has shown that our stores are most profitable in areas where residents are highly concerned with leading healthy lives. ②We should therefore build our next new store in Plainsville, ③which has many such residents.）（小前提④Plainsville merchants report that sales of running shoes and exercise clothing are at all-time highs. ⑤The local health club, which nearly closed five years ago due to lack of business, has more members than ever, and the weight training and aerobics classes are always full. ⑥We can even anticipate a new generation of customers: Plainsville's schoolchildren are required to participate in a 'fitness for life' program, which emphasizes the benefits of regular exercise at an early age."）以前的经验显示，我们的商店在那些居民对健康生活高度关注的地区是盈利最多的。因此我们应该把下一家连锁店开设在Plainsville，那里有很多这样的居民。Plainsville的商家报告说运动鞋和运动衣的销售处于历史高点。当地一家五年前因缺乏客源而濒临倒闭的康体俱乐部现在的会员比以往任何时候都多，减肥训练和体操班总是满员。我们还可以预见到新生代的顾客群：Plainsville的在校学生被要求参加一个叫做"终生健康"的项目，它强调从小开始经常锻炼的好处。1.只是experience，情况随着时间变This is just experience without factual evidences. The situation will change with time going on. The evidence is not sufficient to say Plainsville’s people are highly concerned leading healthy lives.
2.盈利他因(People in the place which has our most profitable store are highly concerned with leading healthy lives. It's not the only reason making our store get profit. Such causes as people--live in this area --having higher consuming level can bring about it. And there are some other unique aspects of their products attracting customers. During the period of selling products, merchant strategies, like advertisements and discount, can improve selling productions.)
3.即使这是主要原因，但①产品不适合当地情况Even though it's right, it's not certain that we can make profit in the new store in Plainsville, where have many such residents. Maybe people there don't like products of ours for the worse quality, being unfit to people, higher price and so on.
4.而且②关心健康生活不代表关心健康食品（People’s consideration about healthy lives isn’t equal to consideration about eating healthy. It’s not a matter they care very much.）
5.就算关心健康食品，也没有考虑竞争等外来因素。太早下结论，考虑不周Even if they care about healthy food, they forget other affecting factors--local companies producing similar products, competition and loyalty to some brands. It is too irritation to take a right conclusion depending on all facets except experience and local phenomenon. This hasty generalization lacks persuasion. If we really want to open a new store, we should take some investigations including analyzing our advantages, restricted marketing situation and consumers’ habits.

6.买鞋和衣的消费者来自外地Most consumers may come from other places rather than Plainsville.
7.买鞋和衣不一定买食品Assuming demand still exceeds provide, it doesn’t mean people buying running shoes will purchase healthy food. Fond of sports and loving of healthy food are completely different.
8.参加club不是为健康而是美丽,所以未必买产品People taking part in classes unneeded have purpose of obtaining health. For some women and girls, they want to lose weights through this way. Therefore, we can’t assure that they will buy our products.
9.学生未必会买产品，消费群不稳定Although schoolchildren have some requirements, they can find other ways to achieve their goals of getting fitness without using our productions. That is to say they aren’t necessarily willing to pay to us instead of doing exercises by themselves. We can’t depend on this unstable consuming group totally.

10.即使以上三群体均是消费群，但未考虑成本The promise of making profit is income exceeds cost. Without consideration of cost can’t we get a conclusion of getting profit.
11.即使盈利，也不为profits，为抢占市场Profit isn’t the motivation of setting up a new store. What we want to do is exploiting a novel market.

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本人结合n多资料，外加自己一点小想法，谬误方面应该很全，但思路相当混乱。迷茫ing···

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除此之外，在分析题目的过程中还碰到一些问题，忘各位牛人给与解答
①report是不是不能攻击，如We can't believe this report completely because we don't know where it comes from or who does it. ②other health-related products有没有运动鞋和运动衣，如It is for sales of running shoes and exercise clothing keeping at all-time highs that there is less demand in Plainsville.③我在看别人写的提纲时有这点：原club倒闭原因可能是经营不善而非人少The reason why original club close isn’t shortage of business indispensability. Perhaps it’s the result of terrible executive.为什么这也算谬误之一？

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题目2. The following appeared in a letter sent by a committee of homeowners from the Deerhaven Acres to all homeowners in Deerhaven Acres.
①"Seven years ago, homeowners in nearby Brookville community adopted a set of restrictions on how the community's yards should be landscaped and what colors the exteriors of homes should be painted. ②Since then, average property values have tripled in Brookville. ③In order to raise property values in Deerhaven Acres, ④we should adopt our own set of restrictions on landscaping and housepainting."
七年前，附近的Brookville社区的业主实施了一系列关于该社区的庭院应如何布置以及房屋应涂何种颜色的规定。从那以后，Brookville的地产平均价格翻了三番。为使Deerhaven Acres的地产升值，我们也应该对于景观和房屋涂色实施自己的规定。
1.七年前有效≠现在有效Brookville community adopted restrictions at seven years ago, which is effective at that time. Compared with past, condition is different. We don’t know weather it’s still efficient.
2.样本差异Their conduct just fit for themselves. What B’s like is not the same with D’s. Such factors as management culture constitution of residents, transport, location and features of citizens should become some points which being compared. As a result, this conclusion is taken too rapidly.
3.即使有效，未必能很好实施Despite it’s helpful, we can’t certain that these restrictions will be implemented very well.  
4.地价上涨他因We can't get the conclusion that average property values have tripled only for this cause. In seven years, B possible, even must, has taken enormous development. Residents may be attracted by unimpeded transport, hygienic environment, convenient market and essential construction. Except these inside reasons, there is influence coming from objective matters, such as inflation. From this dimension, this conclusion is taken too lopsidedly.
5.要升值先征求意见，愿意入住Only pursuit uniform can B constrain its features, which will lead to abhor emotion of residents. This is obligatory regardless of citizens love it or not. What correct measures are taking more research and listening to residents’ suggestions. It can guarantee that they won’t move out from D.

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题目3. The following appeared in a newspaper article about law firms in the city of Megalopolis.
事实①"In Megalopolis, the number of law school graduates who went to work for large, corporate firms declined by 15 percent over the last three years, whereas an increasing number of graduates took jobs at small, general practice firms. 解释（②Even though large firms usually offer much higher salaries, law school graduates are choosing to work for the smaller firms most likely because they experience greater job satisfaction at smaller firms. ③In a survey of first-year students at a leading law school, most greed with the statement that earning a high salary was less important to them than job satisfaction）结论④This finding suggests that the large, corporate firms of Megalopolis will need to offer graduates more benefits and incentives and reduce the number of hours they must work."
在Megalopolis，过去三年间在大型合伙事务所就职的法学院毕业生数量下降了15％，而在小型，一般性事务所就职的毕业生数量则在增加。尽管大型事务所通常提供高的多的薪水，法学院毕业生选择在小型事务所工作主要是因为他们感受到更高的工作满足感。一项对于顶尖法学院一年级学生的调查显示，多数人同意挣更多的钱没有工作满足感更重要的说法。这一现象启示我们，Megalopolis的大型合伙事务所应该给毕业生提供更多的福利和激励，并减少他们的工作时间。
1.需求是必要条件,大公司未必需要更多员工In the last few years, it’s possible that many graduates' entrance to large firms cause its demand accesses to complete. Hence, there are less working opportunities in those firms. If there is no vacant position, how to increase number of graduates at large firms? As a result, demand is a fundamental factor. An objective discipline that graduates feel less job satisfaction because of drastically competition exists. Therefore, large firms don’t necessarily require more employees, let alone provide better benefits and working hours.
2.下降原因有个人有企业The condition of different employment in two kinds of firms doesn't represent graduates like working at small, general practice firms more. Large, corporate firms might have higher requirement—capability of bearing complicated working environment and intense competition--which graduates can't reach. What’s more, there are some objective elements, for instance, large firms are going to lay off employees. On the other hand, graduates may have some individual problems to considerate when they choose a firm. So the duty doesn’t rely on large firms.
3.survey问题，对象不对The survey isn't a persuasive evidence to demonstrate graduates' preference, since we don't know what style of this survey adopting. Besides, it just stands for first-year students, who are totally different with graduates and not representative. They have less professional knowledge, immature thought, less living pressure. Last but not least thing is they aren’t encounter with finding a job now. A few years later, they may change their opinions. The really worth being invested person should be graduates.
4.何谓满意度，大小公司各有优势What’s the definition of job satisfaction? Higher salary, more opportunities and working environment are included except benefit, incentives and fewer working hours. Consequently, large firms don't requisitely have worse job satisfaction. Both firms have their respectful advantage. Graduates choose small may attribute to its leisure surroundings, taking heavy burden earlier and communicating with boss easier, rather than benefits and incentives. Large firms may have better benefits and incentives than small firms. Besides, large firms’ materials, spirits and values are merit being learned. However, merely one aspect to improve job satisfaction can’t attract graduates
5. This simply happened on law school graduates.
6.绝对数字不说明问题Apparently, graduates working for large firms decline by 15percent whereas an increasing number of graduates work for small ones. Nevertheless, rather than compare absolute numbers, we should contrast employment rates in two kinds of firms.




存在问题：看到别人分析说除主观因素，还有可能是其他因素导致，如失业率增加。假如失业率增加正确，那么小企业就不会存在这种问题吗？

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题目4. The following was posted on an Internet real estate discussion site.
①"Of the two leading real estate firms in our town-Adams Realty and Fitch Realty-Adams is clearly superior. ②Adams has 40 real estate agents. In contrast, Fitch has 25, many of whom work only part-time. ③Moreover, Adams' revenues last year was twice as high as that of Fitch, and included home sales that averaged $168,000, compared to Fitch's $144,000. ④Homes listed with Adams sell faster as well: ten years ago, I listed my home with Fitch and it took more than four months to sell; last year, when I sold another home, I listed it with Adams, and it took only one month. ⑤Thus, if you want to sell your home quickly and at a good price, you should use Adams."
在本市的两家最大的房地产经纪公司--Adams Realty和Fitch Realty--之中，Adams显然更优秀一些。Adams有40名房地产经纪人，而Fitch只有25个，且很多是兼职工作。而且，Adams去年的收入是Fitch的两倍，其平均房价为$168000，而Fitch仅为$144000。在Adams销售的房屋卖得也更快：十年前，我把我的房产交给Fitch，它用了四个多月才卖出去；去年，我在Adams卖了另一处房产，仅用一个月就售出了。因此，要想让你的房产卖的更快更好，你应该选择Adams。
1.人少兼职可能效率高Although A's employees aren't completely full-time workers, they have higher quality than F's, who have less responsibility and worse capability of selling houses. We can't take conclusion that the more people one estate firms have or the more hours they spend on their jobs, the bigger sales volume they can achieve. This is a matter of efficiency.
2.收入多不代表有利润Due to A having more estate agents, they really should get more revenues to support its great scale. Considering the cost, F may obtain more profit than A.
3.平均价高未必利润高，所卖房子不一样A's home sales reaching $168,000, compared to F's $144,000, doesn’t stand for A is profitable. We can’t only rely on average price to determine A’s better without thinking about classification of houses.
4.十年情况有变，房子也不一样Different time and houses lead to different situations when I sold my two homes. ①The most crucial element is house’s own characteristics—location and quality. Even though A sold faster than F, my degree of A's satisfaction isn't indispensably higher than F's, for lower prices and some other reasons. ②There must be such enormous changes as technology, supply and demand at respective time, consumers’ preference, citizens’ income and standard of living generating in estate business and society.
5.A未必比F优Merely from three points, we can't say A is superior. F must have some unique advantages. In order to evaluate achievement of two firms on the whole, we’d better considerate some other aspects while comparing them.
6. 找好代理未必能卖房快房价好If you truly want to sell your house with good price as soon as possible, only is estate firm one dimension. Individuals are also requisite on appraising your house.

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题目5. The following appeared in the business section of a newspaper.
①"Given that the number of people in our country with some form of arthritis is expected to rise from 40 million to 60 million over the next twenty years, pharmaceutical companies that produce drugs for the treatment of arthritis should be very profitable. ②Many analysts believe that in ten years Becton Pharmaceuticals, which makes Xenon, the best-selling drug treatment for arthritis, will be the most profitable pharmaceutical company. ③But the patent on Xenon expires in three years, and other companies will then be able to produce a cheaper version of the drug.④Thus, it is more likely that in ten years the most profitable pharmaceutical company will be Perkins Pharmaceuticals, maker of a new drug called Xylan, ⑥which clinical studies show is preferred over Xenon by seven out of ten patients suffering from the most extreme cases of arthritis."
鉴于我国在未来20年中患某种形式关节炎的人数预计将从4千万上升至6千万，生产治疗关节炎药物的制药公司将获得巨大利润。很多分析家相信，生产最畅销关节炎药物Xenon的Becton Pharmaceuticals将会在十年后成为利润最高的制药公司。但Xenon的专利在三年内就要到期了，到时其他公司将能够生产该药的廉价版。因此，十年后利润最高的公司更有可能是Perkins Pharmaceuticals，该公司生产一种叫做Xylan的新药，临床调查表明在患最严重关节炎的患者中10个有7个倾向于Xylan而不是Xenon。
1.其他公司①产品便宜产量高Since companies will be able to produce a cheaper version of the drug at the time of expiration of B's patent, they can get more profit if their sale volume is bigger than PP’s.②开发新产品Except for BP and PP, there are other companies producing drugs to cure arthritis. We may ignore their ability of researching and inventing new drugs.
2.PP公司①成本未知Because Xy is a new drug, we don’t know its cost. High cost won’t bring high profit.②新药也许有问题只是未被检测出The new drug may have some problems which are just not found.③严重病人选新药不代表一般病人也会，新药效果也未必相同The clinical studies show what preference of patients who suffer from the most extreme cases of arthritis. When Xy is applied to treat general cases, X is possibly more effective than Xy or Xy does totally not fit to cure common cases. After all, extreme cases are minority.④即使新药有效患者未必会买Even though Xy is useful, there are such reasons as high price leading to less selling quantity of Xy. It is many facets that will be considered when consumers buy products.
3.BP公司①有忠实消费群Expiration of B's patent doesn’t demonstrate they will lose consumers who is loyalty to X regardless of any change. Thanks to it has built good reputation in consumers’ hearts.②也可以降价BP can decrease price of X to attract consumers, even take a lower price than any other companies.③开发新产品Only if BP has capital and technology, it’s able to study new drugs, cheaper and more helpful, as the same as PP. If it happens, BP will get patent again and then occupy market.
4. In short, PP is not necessarily profitable while BP is not requisitely unprofitable.




存在问题：①能质疑The conclusion just accord to clinical studies.②能质疑The number of patients invested in studies is so small that they can't represent all patients, at least most of them.③有人写The survey is not convincing. How is the result? 是什么意思

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题目6. The following was written as a part of an application for a small business loan by a group of developers in the city of Monroe.
①"A jazz music club in Monroe would be a tremendously profitable enterprise. ②Currently, the nearest jazz club is 65 miles away; thus, our proposed club, the C Note, would have the local market all to itself. ③Plus, jazz is extremely popular in Monroe：⑴over 100,000 people attended Monroe's jazz festival last summer；⑵several well-known jazz musicians live in Monroe；⑶and the highest-rated radio program in Monroe is 'Jazz Nightly,' which airs every weeknight. ④Finally, a nationwide study indicates that the typical jazz fan spends close to $1,000 per year on jazz entertainment. It is clear that the C Note cannot help but make money."
在Monroe建立爵士乐俱乐部将会是非常盈利的产业。当前，最近的爵士俱乐部也在65英里以外；因此，我们筹建的俱乐部C Note将会占有全部的本地市场。而且，爵士乐在Monroe非常流行：去年夏天10万多人参加了Monroe的爵士音乐节，若干知名爵士音乐家居住在Monroe，Monroe获评价最高的广播节目是平时每天播出的Jazz Nightly。最后，一项全国性研究表明典型的爵士爱好者每年花费近1000元用于爵士娱乐。显然C Note将会赚钱。
1.人们也会去远的俱乐部，真正卖点是什么The distance of jazz club just one facet considered by listeners. They possibly go to further club if it has exclusive features, for example, providing comfortable circumstance. The question we should think about is weather it is good enough to canvass all business in M. In addition, people going to club prefer talk about their business or date with someone to listen to jazz. It’s perilous to regard jazz as the sole selling point and to compete with other clubs through it.
2.不放jazz的club也会成为竞争对手Commonsense tells us any club can broadcast jazz, that is to say, any club can become it’s rival.
3.近处没有jazz club说明并不流行 The nearest jazz club locating 65 miles away demonstrate jazz isn’t popular there.

4.参加节日人多不说明流行It isn’t clear that jazz is popular just depending on the number of attending M's jazz festival. We can assume that people don't have other entertainment so that they have to attend jazz festival if they just seek for fun. Moreover, it happened last summer. Situation will change with time going on. The unqualified number doesn’t indicate jazz is popular since people maybe come from other places.
5.音乐家不说明流行Several well-known jazz musicians living there don’t denote they will participate in club or they have anything to do with profit. Jazz musicians may just like the environment
6.听广播不代表流行Situation is the same with above two.
7.即使流行可以用其他方式听爵士Jazz fans have various patterns to listen to jazz except apart from going to jazz club. For instance, to listen to radio doesn't stand for to join the club.

8.花在jazz的钱Money spent on jazz entertainment not indispensably includes taking part in clubs, that is to say, we don’t know how much people will spend money on jazz. Besides, typical jazz fans are minority.
9.调查的问题，以全概偏A nationwide study can't be applied to M. What's more, neither do we know any detail about this study. Who did the survey?

10.即使有良好外部环境，也要考虑成本和内在因素It is too hasty to obtain correct conclusion without thinking about cost. Maybe it’s unfeasible lacking of money. Furthermore, intrinsic factors—firms’ operation, management—have an indispensable influence on making profit. Without knowing the club’s schedule and human resource can’t we rely on extrinsic factors to judge anything.
11.贷款要考虑信用If they need a loan, one of the most vital elements is credit.

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忘大家多多指教:)