22(C)
本题为主旨题“the most accurate expression of the main point of the passage”
作者首段提出“a distinction between life-passage studies and life-history”,并进一步解释,再举例说明“This distinction can clearly be seen in the autobiographies of Native American women”
次段与末段分别就life passage/life history举例”For example”
基于上述分析
选项(C)
“The autobiographies of Native American women illustrate the differences between life-history and life-passage studies”为最佳表述
23(E)
根据“prescribed roles”定位原文
“For example, some early recorded autobiographies, such as The Autobiography of a Fox Indian Woman, a life passage recorded by anthropologist Truman Michelson, emphasizes prescribed roles”
再结合后文
“yet as is often the case with life-passage studies, it presents little of the central character’s psychological motivation. The Fox woman’s life story focuses on her tribal education and integration into the ways of her people”
以及前文对life passage的描述
“emphasize the requirements of society, showing how groups socialize and enculturate their young in order to make them into viable members of society”
确定The Autobiography of a Fox Indian Woman讲述的是
“Roles generally adopted by individuals in order to comply with cultural demands”
24(B)
根据“psychological motivation”定位原文
“yet as is often the case with life-passage studies, it presents little of the central character’s psychological motivation”
再结合
“Life-passage studies, he says, “emphasize the requirements of society, showing how groups socialize and enculturate their young in order to make them into viable members of society.” Life histories, however, “emphasize the experiences and requirements of the individual, how the person copes with society rather than how society copes with the stream of individuals.””
即有
“Identify an aspect of experience that is not commonly a major focus of life-passage studies”
25(E)
根据“Maria Campbell”定位原文
“Although Campbell’s book is written as a life history (the dramatic moments, the frustrations, and the fears are clearly hers), it reveals much about ethnic relations in Canada while reflecting the period in which it was written”即比一般性的life-history内容要丰富
“Her life history provides more than a record of her personal experience”
26(C)
根据“life history studies differ from life-passage studies”定位原文
“The difference between the two types of studies is often the result of the amount of control the narrator maintains over the material; autobiographies in which there are no recorder-editors are far more reflective of the life-history category, for there are no outsiders shaping the story to reflect their preconceived notions of what the general cultural patterns are”以及前一句“life story…relates only what Michelson ultimately decided was worth preserving”
可以推断出“More likely to be told without the influence of an intermediary”是对life-history特点的描述
27(C)
根据“the contrast between life passages and life histories”明确我们需要确定二者的关系,故定位原文于
“Life-passage studies, he says, “emphasize the requirements of society, showing how groups socialize and enculturate their young in order to make them into viable members of society.” Life histories, however, “emphasize the experiences and requirements of the individual, how the person copes with society rather than how society copes with the stream of individuals.””这里的关系简单总结为“规则”与“响应”
只有
“A study of the way a military organization establishes and maintains discipline and a newly enlisted soldier’s narrative describing his initial responses to the military environment.5 k* X:”是“简单关系”的类似