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本帖最后由 gc1030255 于 2010-2-2 02:01 编辑
Issue104 by taotaole
It is primarily through formal education that a culture tries to perpetuate the ideas it favors and discredit the ideas it fears.
The suggestion of formal education the speaker proposes about culture may be a possible way, while we should understand that the effect of formal education on maintaining a culture depends on different situations and conditions before we innocently believe that the prime status of formal education can win hands down on serving a culture.
首段:根据情境及条件的不同,正规教育传承文化的效果不同,而不应单纯认为正规教育为其主要力量
To begin with, we should notice that the diversities for different culture to pass down their ideas and conceptions, which is not always through the way of formal education. 1. There are cultures like the legitimism and the Roman Catholic traditions, which can be and should be taught through formal institutions. Only by the systematic and rigorous instructions or disciplines, can the culture pass down its central(个人感觉用central修饰essence不妥,可否用true,very等) essence to the successor. Therefore, only with such a premise, would it be possible for a culture to perpetuate the ideas it favors and discredit the ideas it fears through the formal education. 2. However, as for most of cultures, which are shared by some certain group of people who lead a live(life)in their own unique way, formal education is beyond the need to serve such cultures. For example, the complex sacrifice ceremony in Indian tribes, which contains the most respectful belief and elements of its culture, barely can be seen in a course, let alone as
part of formal education. It is through the vivid teaching of oral that the tribal lore and custom have been passed down rather than through the formal education. Therefore, the diversity of different characteristics of each culture makes it not always possible to apply for
formal education in order to keep its ideas.
Ⅰ、不同文化的传承并不一定通过正规教育。1.正统主义及天主教文化可通过正规教育延续,2.而印度祭祀宗教文化则不需正规教育
Next, it is an undeniable fact that formal education is under the charge of certain governmental institutions for most of circumstances, which means that only mainstream culture can on the dictating position and mainly get the benefit to set up its favorable ideas. 1. The most typical example can be taken from ancient China. Since the Han Dynasty set up the principle of Confucianism, other cultures with their ideas once glowing in the time of “Hundred schools of thought contended” were neglected and overshadowed by the only main culture of Confucianism. The formal education is all about the ideas of Confucianism culture and it has been immoral(immortal) for two thousand years till today, and will continue its flourishing ideas for good.
2. In contrast, the other “Hundred schools” remains few to be known by modern people. Even though their ideas may be equally enlightening and inspiring, it is because they are not chosen to be the main culture by the conductor and got lost in the sweep of history, leaving the ideas they favor dust laden, and maybe, the ideas they fear proceeded. The education institution conducts the formal education for the sake of main culture and as a result pays less attention on the culture of minority. The primarily way for the minority culture to perpetuate its favorable ideas is to operate the specific education as supplement, like the reservation schools for Indian in America, the supplementary course in Scotland elementary school.
Ⅱ、正规教育多数情况下需在政府监管下,即只有主流文化可以繁衍生息。1. 儒教的主流地位 2. 其他少数文化需通过非正规教育传承
Moreover, the purpose of formal education should be consciously recognized, especially in terms of serving the culture ideas. The radical purpose of formal education should lie in the development of the ability of students, both at the level of knowledge and thought to guarantee the survival of the student as an individual in the society, but not the purely maintaining for a culture, no matter it is mainstream or not. In that sense, we cannot extend the function of formal education both to perpetuate the ideas the culture favors and to discredit the ideas the culture fears, which even actually appears to be so. For most occasions, we can treat the positive result as the side effect of formal education, considering that the content education favors to include is with the main value. Formal education may serve some benefit on culture development, but it is an independent field to exist and through the history, we constantly see education succeed in correcting the ideas of a culture, braving the ideas it fears. Formally educated under the religion system as he was, Copernicus put forward the new ideas of astronomy and challenged the sacred ideas of genesis, fearing the Catholic greatly but breaking out the new era for the world. Thus, formal education is independently working with culture, eternalizing the favorable ideas of the culture and correcting the prejudice ideas to propel the whole society advancing(感觉forward好一些).
Ⅲ、正规教育的目的不仅是传承文化,而是使学生的能力得到发展。
Ⅳ、正规教育与文化发展并不相关,哥白尼
In conclusion, concerning situation of diverse cultures, the reality to conduct formal education and the independent role of formal education, formal education cannot be the cardinal way to achieve the need of a culture to maintain its ideas and expel the unorthodox ideas.
破文有新意,不同于广泛流传的提纲
举例一看就是科班出身,功底深厚
句式有时感觉有点绕,可适当精炼
用词较准确
加油~ |
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