Issue51：第一篇，求拍：）

crossbowUID: 2689120

"Education will be truly effective only when it is specifically designed to meet the individual needs and interests of each student."




主题：教育的最终目的，有二。其一，提升自身修养，过上满意生活。其二，充分发挥潜力，尽己所能，造福社会。有成效的教育，在全面发展的基础上，注重培养个体的兴趣。使其既拥有开阔的视野，良好的道德素养和社会意识，还具备相当的技术，独特的思考方式，以及很强的问题解决能力。这样的教育，重视兴趣，但不过分偏爱，同时保证良好的综合培养。



正一：兴趣促效果，最终能做好。若予以限制，导致失败例。失败例太多，有人做统计。接着举一个。学校里失败，本科七八年，专业没兴趣，都在搞别的，现实中成功，挣钱又高兴。应予以鼓励，再加上引导。举个成功例，博士自选题，突破性进展。多学科兴起，少搞点限制，定有人才出，搞出大东东。
反一：放任不可行，学生很无知，不知想要啥，啥都干不好，就说没兴趣。而且很冲动，喜欢打游戏，还要看科幻，如果从了他，他不就废了。需要打基础，令其开眼界，而后才明白，然后再自主。
反二：需要全发展。过分专业化，其它素质差，自己有问题，还能贡献啥。未来领导者，放眼观全局，解决大难题，拥有博爱心，扶助贫弱人。为社会着想，全面作用大。
反三：资源不允许。人口这么多，学校就几个，国家发钱少，本来就不够，还要瞎折腾，实在办不到。就算能这样，成本也很高，广大穷苦人，还是念不起。不但没促进，反而帮倒忙。
结尾：总的来说，教育要重视兴趣的培养和潜力的发展。但是，不能因为过分强调前两者，从而忽视综合素质的培养。两手都抓好的教育，才是有成效的教育。

[1小时20分，700字]



Education has two primary goals. First, to improve the individuals themselves and help them live meaningful and colorful lives. Second, to develop the full potentials of individuals, enable them to be all-around and capable citizens so that they can make contributions to the society. Effective education, as it develops individuals' capabilities and well-roundness, it also cultivates the interests of individuals and encourage them to pursuit them. It does not place too much emphasis on interests, nor restrict them. Interests and all other aspects of education are treated with equal importance.
[14:00]




It's of no doubt that individual interest plays an importance role in education. Interest is among strongest motivations for students to dig into difficult problems and get better understanding. Most students do better in subjects which interested them most, and such interests often have much larger influences on their careers. Considering CMU as an example, Ph.D students have much freedom in choosing their research directions among hundreds of topics - this is for just one major. There is even self-disciplined research in which student start a new direction which usually spans multiple disciplines and calls for collaboration from different departments. There are successful candidates who have done breakthrough research in such ways. However, it is also common, in colleges and universities, that students are restricted to their majors and are limited to only a few subjects which they have no interests. Lack of motivation is one of the major causes of high failure ratio in schools and colleges. One of my colleague, who is very successful in industry, have ever told me about his failures in undergraduate years. He struggled for seven years to get a degree because he is not motivated by his major.
[24:00]




Even though restrictions on interests often impede learning, letting student follow their hearts without any direction is also dangerous. Many students, especially those in elementary and secondary schools, rarely understand what they really need and what are their real interests. They may be excited temporarily by computer games and scientific fictions and mistakenly think that those are their interests. If students are encouraged to pursue such interests, they may soon get lost and waste most time in playing for leisures rather than in study for their lives and toward career goals. Therefore, students should not be offered undue freedom to do what they like. They should be required to follow basic disciplines and academic standards to fulfill degree requirements and to be well-developed.
[13:00]




While interests should gain enough emphasis, other aspects of education such as social skills, physical exercise, and aesthetic sense could not be neglected. All these qualities and skills are necessary in our society today and in the future. With the rapid progress of sciences and technologies and excess growth of the world population, many new problems have emerged: violence and conflicts world-wide, environmental pollutions, international crimes, AIDS, poverty and education. To be the future leaders and well-qualified citizens, young people should have not only basic survival and professional skills, but also those which are needed in addressing urgent and long-standing problems. Therefore, all aspects should gain equal precedence and be developed as a group. Too much emphasis on any single aspect will lead to the imbalance in students' development.
[16:00]




Resources limitations should be considered before specifically-designed education can be made. In almost every county, there are many more young people who needs education but far less teachers, schools and colleges to serve their needs. Schools and colleges run out of budget more often than they have money to invest in new tasks. Hence, it is not practical to address each individual's needs by fully-tailed education. Even if it can be made possible under some situations, too much resources will be involved and the cost of such education will be too high to be afforded by most families.
[11：00]




Generally speaking, interests should take enough precedence in education so that the potential of each individual can be fully developed. On the other hand, too much emphasis on any single aspect may result in an imbalance in individual education. Therefore, All aspects should be paid enough attention for education to be truly effective.
[5:00]

PigwidgeanUID: 2759931

LZ的提纲……雷。