issue48 剩10天了，诚求指点（有拍必回）

十二国记UID: 2486274

TOPIC: ISSUE48 - "The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten."
WORDS: 555          TIME: 00:45:00          DATE: 2010-2-28 17:19:52

When reading historical books, most of time we are attracted by the great individual's affairs and be fanatic about some national heros for their contribution both to their country anf people. While according to the viewpoint of historical materialism, history are created by groups of people rather that these great individuals. In my opinion, although the famous few have influence to the creation of history, however, they are just "catalyst" of history events, it's the groups of people that make the history.

Admittedly, the study of history always poses much emphasis on individuals for the very reason that a very large part of historical documents were utilized to record those famous individuals. Few documents referred to the contribution of ordinary people. In chinese feudal period, because the emperor was regarded as the most important person in that period, most of documents were focused to record the emperor's everyday activities. And the minister and other important offical members were as well the main role in historical documents. It's easy for historical study to emphasize on such individuals for the abundant records abouth them. Through affairs of those great individuals, we can get a cross section of the period they lived. and have to ignore the groups of people for lacking enough records about them.

Furthermore, Great individuals such as leaders are the symbol of most significant events and in liberal realm, such historical events are always described as heros' history, which make people falsely consider that individual make the historical events. We can easily understand this phenomenon since most of us contract with history by historical novels rather than historical research paper. Such novels contribute large influence to our view about history. One of the famous historical novels in China is the "romance of Three Kingdoms". In this novel, there are many popular heros who are admired by many chinese people. For the great influence of such historical literature including nowadays films and Tv shows, we may have illusion that history is the creation of great individuals.

However, history is always led by the will of groups of people. Inumerous ordinary people formed the trends of history and great individuals are the catalyst which will expedite or impede the trends. We may notice the great endeavor of Abraham Lincoln in emanicipating slavery in American history, but without the support from tremendous American people, this measurement might be failure and the civil war might end with the result of two independent countries.

What's more, Just as we will be influenced by the oustside environment when we make decision, when the great individuals made their decision, they were as well limited by the period they lived. Even the wisest leader in Feudal period would not have the democratic belief. The willingness of majority ordinary people is the impetus which make the history progress. Most great events such as civil war in China which suceed in rebeling the last feudal country was actually led by ordinary soliders. What we must keep in mind is that  history trends is the reflection of majority will of the society.

Last but not least, History is interesting for the existing of great individuals. they are like the shining stars in the historical sky. However, the whole sky consist of ordinary people and these forgotten people are the really impetus forcing the history advancing.  

NEU公孙轩辕UID: 2697609

ISSUE48 - "The study of history places too much emphasis on individuals. The most significant events and trends in history were made possible not by the famous few, but by groups of people whose identities have long been forgotten."

When reading historical books, most of time we are attracted by the great individual's affairs and be fanatic about some national heros for their contribution both to their country anf people. While according to the viewpoint of historical materialism, history are created by groups of people rather that these great individuals. In my opinion, although the famous few have influence to the creation of history,; however, they are just "catalyst" of history events, it's the groups of people that make the history.(作者赞同论者观点）

Admittedly, the study of history always poses much emphasis on individuals for the very reason that a very large part of historical documents were utilized to record those famous individuals. Few documents referred to the contribution of ordinary people. In chinese feudal period, because the emperor was regarded as the most important person in that period, most of documents were focused to record the emperor's everyday activities. And the minister and other important offical members were as well the main role in historical documents. It's easy for historical study to emphasize on such individuals for the abundant records abouth them. (前面讲侧重研究individual是有客观原因的，并没有论证关于他们的记录能较好的反映他们所处的时代，后面却直接来了个结论：通过学习individual，我们可以get a cross section of....因此这个结论并没有得到支持）Through affairs of those great individuals, we can get a cross section of （学习了！）the period they lived, and have to ignore the groups of people for lacking enough records about them. （讲侧重individual是有客观原因的）

Furthermore, Great individuals such as leaders are the symbol of most significant events and in liberal realm, such historical events, are always described as heros' history, which make people falsely consider that individual make the historical events. We can easily understand this phenomenon since most of us contract with history by historical novels rather than historical research paper. Such novels contribute large influence to our view about history. One of the famous historical novels in China is the "romance of Three Kingdoms". In this novel, there are many popular heros who are admired by many chinese people. For the great influence of such historical literature including nowadays films and Tv shows, we may have illusion that history is the creation of great individuals. (讲外因如何影响人们侧重individual ）

However, history is always led by the will of groups of people. Inumerous ordinary people formed the trends of history and great individuals are the catalyst which will expedite or impede the trends. We may notice the great endeavor of Abraham Lincoln in emanicipating slavery in American history, but without the support from tremendous American people, this measurement might be failure and the civil war might end with the result of two independent countries. (讲大众的力量）

What's more, Just as we will be influenced by the oustside environment when we make decision, when the great individuals made their decision, they were as well limited by the period they lived. Even the wisest leader in Feudal period would not have the democratic belief. The willingness of majority ordinary people is the impetus which make the history progress. Most great events such as civil war in China which suceed in rebeling the last feudal country was actually led by ordinary soliders. What we must keep in mind is that  history trends is the reflection of majority will of the society. （大众对社会进步的作用）

Last but not least, History is interesting for the existing of great individuals. they are like the shining stars in the historical sky. However, the whole sky consist of ordinary people and these forgotten people are the really impetus forcing the history advancing.

正反两面说，没问题， 楼主加油~~~