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TOPIC: ARGUMENT35 - The following appeared in the summary of a study on headaches suffered by the residents of Mentia.

"Salicylates are members of the same chemical family as aspirin, a medicine used to treat headaches. Although many foods are naturally rich in salicylates, for the past several decades food-processing companies have also been adding salicylates to foods as preservatives. This rise in the commercial use of salicylates has been found to correlate with a steady decline in the average number of headaches reported by participants in our twenty-year study. Recently, food-processing companies have found that salicylates can also be used as flavor additives for foods. With this new use for salicylates, we can expect a continued steady decline in the number of headaches suffered by the average citizen of Mentia."
WORDS: 463
TIME: 00:30:00
DATE: 2010-3-17 14:10:14

Grounding on a report about headaches suffered by the indigene of Mentia and citing salicylates can also used as a flavor additive for food, the arguer synthesizes that the incidence of headaches in the common Mentia's citizen will consistently decrease when salicylates are used as food additives. However, close scrutiny reveals this argument rests on several flaws as it stands.
In the first place, the study is problematic and the result is incredible. The writer fails to provide detail information of the study, for examples, how many participants take part in the study, and whether these people are the representative of the entire people of the Mentia. Perhaps, there are only 10 individuals joining in the survey, and then the study can not convince us its credibility.
In the second place, even though the study on headaches is credible, the writer still provides no evidence to justify his assumption that the decline of the number of the headaches is the consequence of the salicylates which are used as preservatives in the foods. The writer fails to consider other possible reasons for the declination. Perhaps, the environment of the Mentia has been ameliorated during the past 20 years, or perhaps, the people living in the Mentia have gained the habit of taking exercise and thus the quality of their body
has been improved, and of course, the number of the headaches decreases. Without ruling out the possibility, the writer can not verify his assumption.
Further, even though the salicylates used in the foods as preservatives function in declining headaches, there exists no evidence to substantiate that the number of the headaches will continue decease when salicylates used as flavor additives for food. The writer does not recognize the discrepancy between preservatives and additives, which may bring a different result to additives. Perhaps, when the sylicylates are employed as additives, they will lose the efficiency in reducing headaches.
Finally, the writer fails to consider other unwanted effects may create when the salicylates are used as flavor additives. Perhaps, some people, especially children and pregnant women may allergic to the salicylates when they are used as flavor additives, and thus there is entirely possible that salicylates may bring diseases to people.
In sum, this argument is based on immature evidences and thus unconvincing, to solidify the argument, the writer must provide cogent evidence to substantiate that the participants in the study are the representative of the whole individuals in the Mentia and at the same time the salicylates used as preservatives do real help in decreasing the number of the headaches. To better bolster the argument, the writer should also list sufficient supports to justify that when the salicylates are employed as the food additives can also reduce the rate of the headaches in Mentia’s citizen.