Issue207 2010.03.23

明天的鞋子UID: 2639625

确实很有难度的题目
写作过程中参考了一些别人的提纲，也搜了下例子和不记得的短语
时间太晚了，主要是不想熬夜了，暂时把文章先贴出来，明天再做小修改

word:426

Issue 207: Ritual and ceremonies help define a culture. Without them, societies or groups of people have a diminished sense of who they are.
典礼和仪式有助于确立一种文化，否则人们的社会或群体的角色归属感会削弱。

礼节和典礼有助于定义一个文化。如果没有这些，社会或者团体就会逐渐地迷失自我。



提纲：
    首段

    同意作者观点：典礼和仪式有助于确立一种文化
    （1）从某种意义上讲，典礼和仪式是民族文化的象征，有助于增强民族凝聚力
    （2）利于外族人了解该民族习俗和文化。
   
    反对作者观点：没有典礼和仪式的话，人们的社会或群体的角色归属感会削弱。
    （1）典礼和仪式并不是文化的本质属性，更深层次的在民族中根深蒂固的精神层面的东西才是一个民族文化最重要和本质的东西。
    （2）随着时代的发展，很多典礼和仪式已经消失，但人们的社会或群体的角色归属感并没有被削弱。

    总结

        The author argues that Ritual and ceremonies can help define a culture which sounds quite reasonable, however, I don’t think that societies or groups of people will feel loss of themselves without them.

        Admittedly, Ritual and ceremonies can do good to define a culture. Everyone living in this society needs an identity, especially in the culture level. At some extent, ritual and ceremonies are the symbols of culture, which help to distinguish different nations, and also can make people of different nations feel proud of their unique culture. Every morning, there is a flag-rising ceremony in the Tian An Men Square, which attracts a huge number of people to go watching. There is no meaning as to the ceremony itself, however, thinking about the flag is the symbol of braveness and intrepidity of Chinese people, then we will feel proud and sacred when watching the flag-rising. Another effect of ritual and ceremonies is that they can help foreigners create a quick and general understanding about a specific nation. For instance, when foreigners are in their first trips in China, they may have no clue as to how to feel the real Chinese culture and get themselves integrated into the local society. The most rapid way is to join in the local ritual and ceremonies, for example, from the Dragon Boat Race, they can feel the commemoration for Qu Yuan and the patriotism and collectivism of Chinese people.

        However, the author has made an over-generalization in regards to the irreplaceable status in defining a culture. Ritual and ceremonies are just representations of different cultures, what’s more important and irreplaceable is belief or faith, which makes different nations so different in essence. For example, people use the way of package dumplings to commemorate Qu Yuan, but that does mean it’s irreplaceable. Besides packaging dumplings, people can also hold the Dragon Boat race to commemorate this great ancient poet. What’s more, many old ritual or ceremonies don’t exits any more. Take China as an example. In ancient times, Chinese people often kneel to the Emperor so as to show their respect and affection, nowadays, people don’t do this any more when they meet their leaders. This change does make people feel lost about who they are.

        To sum up, ritual and ceremonies may help define a culture and make a passage for foreigners to get a quick knowledge of a particular nation. But they are not the essence of culture, It’s custom and the belief of tradition that really makes people feel really different and the sense of belonging.

yorkerjasterUID: 2458950

1# 明天的鞋子
                                Theauthor argues that Ritual and ceremonies can help define a culturewhich sounds quite reasonable, however, I don’t think thatsocieties or groups of people will feel loss of themselves withoutthem.

       Admittedly,Ritual and ceremonies can do good to define a culture. Everyoneliving in this society needs an identity, especially in the culturelevel. At some extent, ritual and ceremonies are the symbols ofculture, which help to distinguish different nations, and also canmake people of different nations feel proud of their unique culture.Every morning, there is a flag-rising ceremony in the Tian An MenSquare, which attracts a huge number of people to go watching(有点wordy改成watch).Thereis no meaning as to the ceremony itself, however, thinking about theflag is the symbol of braveness and intrepidity of Chinese people,then we will feel proud and sacred when watching the flag-rising.（连接词问题。我就读的怪怪的。中式表达汗）Anothereffect of ritual and ceremonies is that they can help foreignerscreate（改成好些grasp）aquick and general understanding about a specific nation. Forinstance, when foreigners are in their first trips（s去掉）inChina, they may have no clueas to ( how to feel the real Chinese culture and get themselvesintegrated into the local society（表达有问题吧）Themost rapid way is to join in the local ritual and ceremonies, forexample, from the Dragon Boat Race, they can feel the commemorationfor Qu Yuan and the patriotism(爱国主义？赛龙舟有这个吗？除非是international)and collectivism of Chinese people.

       However,the author has made an over-generalization in regards to theirreplaceable status in defining a culture.Ritual and ceremonies are just representations of differentcultures,（.）what’smore important and irreplaceable is belief or faith, which makesdifferent nations so different in essence. (汗读不通)Forexample, people use the way of package dumplings to commemorate QuYuan, but that does mean it’s irreplaceable. Besides packagingdumplings, people can also hold the Dragon Boat （不也是一种仪式吗？怎么论证rituals可不要）raceto commemorate this great ancient poet.（是要论证faith重要还是rituals可不要）What’smore, many old ritual or ceremonies don’t exits any more. TakeChina as an example. In ancient times, Chinese people often kneel tothe Emperor so as to show their respect and affection, nowadays,people don’t do this any more when they meet their leaders. Thischange does make people feel lost about who they are.（没讲到faith重要的）

       Tosum up, ritual and ceremonies may help define a culture and make apassage for foreigners to get a quick knowledge of a particularnation. But they are not the essence of culture, It’s custom andthe belief of tradition that really makes people feel reallydifferent and the sense of belonging.

这个如果是赶出来的可以体谅下，要是考试这样就汗
语法有些不通
论证有点吃力