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136．（18）"The absence of choice is a circumstance that is very, very rare."
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“To be or not to be-that is the question.” This soliloquy was spoken by prince Hamlet，in William Shakespeare’s best-known play, Hamlet, after a two-month agony of painful thinking. In such extreme condition, Hamlet still had choice, although either of them will bring about a great suffering to him. Thus, from my perspective, the absence of choice is actually a circumstance that is very, very rare.

True, we cannot chose where we are born, where we live, which status our family holds, who will have a blood tie with us and so forth. A Jewish definitely does not want to be born in the Nazi German under the strictly control, even bloody massacre of Hitler; a black also does not want to be birthed as a slave in the plantation of South America before 1863 and tolerates endless discrimination from others, especially the white man. However, they have no choice, but to be. Either the right to chose or the option in the choice is lacked for them. I could not conjecture that such circumstances have already fled away from every corner of the world. But as living in such a diverse, multifold and more democratic era, we do have choices in a vast majority of conditions.

However, under such extreme condition, did people really cannot make a choice? Definitely no. for example, Mao Zedong, the first chairman of the Peoples Republic of China, was born in a very poor family. However, he chooses to be a member of the Communist party and eventually become the leader of Chinese revolution. Thus, we cannot choose where we born, but we do have a choice in how we live.

Actually, whether can people have choice or not largely depends on the attitudes of them when they face a dilemma, a morass, or even a simple “yes or no” question. And most people say that they have no choice just under two situations. One is only a single or even not any option in the choices can leads a relatively positive result, meanwhile, another situation is the other choices can be very tough or difficult to handle for them and they do not want to challenge themselves. Therefore, “I have no choice” becomes one of the most popular mantra around the world. Unfortunately, they do have choices although they always claim no.

When comes to the first case, it is naturally for people would feel no choice when they confront a situation that only one choice can benefit them most or there just no exists best choice. They are forced to choose the only one. To illustrate my point, I will use a very simple example. In china, almost every 18-year-old girl or boy would take a significant and national wide examination called college entrance examination. Only to pass that, can we get an opportunity to college or university. Actually, it is not an unshakable regulation to obtrude everyone take it. People also can choose to work directly after high school graduation as a cashier in a supermarket, a cotton spinner in a textile mill or so forth. However, a collage graduate means getting a better job, a higher income, or even a higher social status, which draws a more appealing image to the boys and girls. So the teenagers and their parents would say that “I have no choice but to pass it” and ignore some worse options.


In fact, the other situation that people always lack of sufficient vigor and bravura to challenge them when a gigantic difficulty stands in front of them, might occur more frequently than the previous one. A very famous and familiar biological experiment can demonstrate my point. Put a cricket in a glass bottle and a piece of paper to cover the mouth of the bottle. Naturally, in the first place it will try to escape from the bottle by jump as higher as possible, but this could be stultified because of the block of the paper. And then, we take away the piece of paper, and nonetheless, the cricket will not try again after vertigo caused by its head hitting the paper few minutes before, though it did have the capacity and opportunity to flee from the bottle. In myriads of circumstances, people are like the cricket, complaints that they have no choice but stay the same when confront a seemingly Serbonian bog. The key not lies in the absence of choice, but the passive attitude toward choosing.

To sum up, I have to admit that in some certain extreme circumstances people do have no choice, however, in most places, choices are exist and whether people want to make it or not, they has already make a decision.



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