【big fish】3月26日Argument53-by jjooyy

jjooyyUID: 2704028

TOPIC: ARGUMENT53 - Thirteen years ago, researchers studied a group of 25 infants who showed signs of mild distress when exposed to unfamiliar stimuli such as an unusual odor or a tape recording of an unknown voice. They discovered that these infants were more likely than other infants to have been conceived in early autumn, a time when their mothers' production of melatonin-a hormone known to affect some brain functions-would naturally increase in response to decreased daylight. In a follow-up study conducted earlier this year, more than half of these children-now teenagers-who had shown signs of distress identified themselves as shy. Clearly, increased levels of melatonin before birth cause shyness during infancy and this shyness continues into later life.

The argument maintains that increased levels of melatonin before children are born cause shyness from infancy to later like. However sound it may seem, it is not well reasoned for several fallacies. To begin with, the fact that melatonin would naturally increase in early autumn and that those who were conceived at that time may not be connected, nor to mention the casual relations between them. The shyness those infancies showed could have other reasons. Psychological and physical causes both serve as means to make them distress of the unfamiliar. For instance, a certain percentage of people are naturally shyer than others because of their intrinsic personalities. If the study could set two groups to compare the infants who are born in early autumn and others who are not, the result could be clearer.

In addition, the shyness in teenagers does not amount to the shyness in later life. First, teenager hood is still the time when one is young. There may be no obvious difference in twenty years. However, it is entirely possible that one changes his personality, therefore becoming less shy when he or she grows up or gets aged. Second, the period when one is a teenager, is also a time one becomes quite sensitive to the outer world. Thus, the shyness is also predictable for them. Again, if setting a control group, which has nearly same conditions except the time they are born, and observing their differences until they becoming aged, the result would be more trustworthy.

Finally, the definition of shyness is made by the responses, which varies from individual to individual. Although the rate of so-called shyness is quite high, without a clear meaning of shy, which the argument fails to present, we have every reason to believe, the real situation may not be as they described. Perhaps some people in the group, who do not show a sigh of distress, might say they are shy in the study, and that make the result unconvincing.

To conclude, the argument is untenable as it stands. Whether it is melatonin that causes orphans shy and whether their later life still distress remains to be seen. To further develop it, the author needs to present the result of a control group to compare with the studied group. In addition, the study should define shyness clearly as a standard.
还是差个结尾 今天写少了。。。

wowoyuweiweiUID: 2754055

The argument maintains that increased levels of melatonin before children are born cause shyness from infancy to later like. However sound it may seem, it is not well reasoned for several fallacies. (换行)To begin with, the fact that melatonin would naturally increase in early autumn and that those who were conceived at that time may not be connected, nor to mention the casual relations between them. The shyness those infancies showed could have other reasons. Psychological and physical causes both serve as means to make them distress of the unfamiliar. For instance, a certain percentage of people are naturally shyer than others because of their intrinsic personalities. If the study could set two groups to compare the infants who are born in early autumn and others who are not, the result could be clearer.

In addition, the shyness in teenagers does not amount to the shyness in later life. First, teenager hood is still the time when one is young. There may be no obvious difference in twenty years. However, it is entirely possible that one changes his personality, therefore becoming less shy when he or she grows up or gets aged. Second, the period when one is a teenager, is also a time one becomes quite sensitive to the outer world. Thus, the shyness is also predictable for them. Again, if setting a control group, which has nearly same conditions except the time they are born, and observing their differences until they becoming aged, the result would be more trustworthy.

Finally, the definition of shyness is made by the responses, which varies from individual to individual.好！放在前面更好 Although the rate of so-called shyness is quite high, without a clear meaning of shy, which the argument fails to present, we have every reason to believe, the real situation may not be as they described. Perhaps some people in the group, who do not show a sigh of distress, might say they are shy in the study, and that make the result unconvincing.

To conclude, the argument is untenable as it stands. Whether it is melatonin that causes orphans shy and whether their later life still distress remains to be seen. To further develop it, the author needs to present the result of a control group to compare with the studied group. In addition, the study should define shyness clearly as a standard.
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