"To be an effective leader, a public official must maintain the highest ethical and moral standards.'
It is an intricate problem whether an effective leader should maintain the highest ethical and moral standards. To evaluate a leader as successful concerns many aspects. As I see it, high ethical and moral standards are necessary for an effective leader, while it is through his contribution that we consider a leader as effective.
Leaders with high ethical and moral standards are easy to be accepted by public, and they are more likely to make the right decisions with more profits for public than normal leaders. Ethics and morals are fundamental elements of one's characters. Ethics denotes the theory of right action and the greater good, while morals indicate their practice. Individual is obligated to maintain high ethical and moral standards whether he or she is a leader. On contrary, leaders with bare ethics and morals are tends to abuse the power.
When someone is considered as an effective leader, he or she must has made great contribution or progress in certain area, but whether the person is with high ethics and morals is the subordinate thing we take into account. Although high ethics and morals will help a person become an effective leader, but they are not crucial. Different personal characteristics can help or hinder a person's leadership effectiveness. Yet, everyone can develop their leadership effectiveness. Effective leadership can be developed from practice and experience. It is common that experts in certain field are likely to be leader to instruct the beginners. Sometimes leader has to compromise in ethics or morals in order to be effective. Ethics is an relative concept. It might be good for the team but it may also do harm to the others outside the group. Columbus, Da Gama, Herman Cortes are all considered as great leaders for their indelible contributions. But they also brought colonization to the other side of the world.
On the other hand, different fields requires different level of ethics and morals, thus it is hard to define "the highest ethical and moral standards". Even in the same realm, leaders in different positions with different extents of authorities also result to different levels of ethics and morals. As a result, to maintain the highest ethical and moral standards is hard to realize.
In sum, high ethical and moral standards are prerequisites for a successful leader. However, when it comes to certain problem concerning directly to the group's profit, leaders have to compromise in ethics and morals.