issue69 重写，（按照nkjancy大侠的修改）

zhusichao88UID: 2786754

TOPIC: ISSUE69 - "Government should place few, if any, restrictions on scientific research and development"
WORDS: 312
TIME: 01:00:00
DATE: 2010-4-8 19:46:06
同意作者的观点，认为政府对于科学研究的限制是应该少一点，但是Speaker无理由的将statement延伸至few，即越少越好。这是不合理的，在这一方面我并不感到同意。
分两点或者三点来写关于为什么政府要少做限制


First government 或者administration 只是作为一个merely a office, function, or authority of one who governs or of a governing body rather than experts 深入到科研领域中去，在任何领域中，外行layman对于非本行业的管辖历来都是被人所诟病（castigate）的。如此理解的话，过多的限制或者不当的限制会引起科学研究发展的止步不前甚至后退，举例说明，苏联在1930s左右中央集权政府管辖科学研究领域的不当举措使得苏联当年的科技发展几乎没有取得任何的重大成果，科学家们都是被限制在一个统一的行政体制下，研究也是为了所谓的苏维埃服务。
Secondly，一个相对自由的研究环境对于科学家们来说是最好的发挥他们的创造性思维和独立思考能力的，过多的undue限制会使科学家们在研究过程中需要考虑与科学无关的事项太多，从而不能集中精神专心科研。打比方，一个双手被握住的书法家是无法写出令人称赞的书法作品的。
Thirdly 一些研究在进行中并十分不清楚他的真正价值，或者说是有争议的，这时需要有洞察力的有远见的决策者来对其进行评估，一切需要时间来检验，如果政府在这一时刻就给予过多的研制，或许会将一个对未来有重大贡献的研究成果扼杀在摇篮里。举例，如果在1966年高锟Charles Kuen Kao 发表的论文没有得到支持而是被限制，改变世界的通信革命——光纤——就不会问世。（这个例子好像不太合适...我再想一个...）可以写火车..


但是，（转折）绝对的自由是不可能的，或者说无限制的科学研究不仅是资源的浪费，而且是
首先，我们没有人知道，在一个完全无限制的环境下工作，尽管这种环境对于科学家是一个理想的工作环境，但是人性是脆弱的frailty（意志薄弱）一个缺乏合理监管体制的研究机构很可能被用作某些个人谋取私利的途径。

其次，在同一时期，社会资源是有限的，政府作为一个监管the control and administration of public policy，对目前的正在进行的项目进行价值评估，对于一些价值不大的项目予以适当的限制，包括政策上与资金上，而对于那些前景明了的项目，要予以支持。

总结。


The speaker claims that the restriction on scientific placed by government should be few, in another word, the less restriction the better. I fundamentally agree with the statement insofar that the restrictions on scientific research and development should be not so strict, however, the speaker unnecessarily extend the restriction into "few". I dissent this respect in the statement

I agree with the speaker with the opinion of lenient restriction and represent the reasons in three respects: First, government or administration plays a role as merely a office, function or authority of one who governs of a governing the nation rather than experts who devote into the professional realm, In any terrain, a layman who occupy the position of leading a group of specialists always receives denouncement from the public. Based on this understanding, independent decision-making authority should be indispensable for the scientific research and development, redundant or incorrect restriction placed on the scientific research and development will definitely cause the undesired obstacle for the progress of science even the setback of the development. A case to this point is that at the age of Soviet, the scientific research and development is controlled by the nation, the demands and the targets are already arranged with strict restriction for scientists, the result to this situation seems obvious that there were few significant advances occurred during that period.
Secondly, a relatively free environment is considered to be an appropriate condition for scientists to exert their creative minds and independent thinking. Undue restriction may bring unnecessary factors to scientists which will distract their attention from the research. Consider, a calligrapher whose hands cannot move dexterously won't exhibit the satisfying works.
Thirdly, some researches look useless or even controversial at the beginning of the procedure, government should assess the result of these researches and then decide whether to confine or support such projects rather than place restriction on them directly without thinking over the long-term interests. A example for the opinion is the train, its slow speed and awkward appearance brought him fleer and disdain when it was invented, however an officer and a banker with great insight resolutely invested the development of train which arised the revolution of traffic in the future.

However, Absolute free has never exited in society. Scientific research and development without restriction is not only a waste of resource, but also taking a risk to human nature. Primarily, the resource in the society never turn out to be infinite, government, the control and administration of public policy, should evaluates the present projects and aptly restricts some worthless research both in fund and policy and support those promising ones in order to counterbalance the allocation of the resources.
Secondly, as we know that although working under a liberal environment may be ideal for a self-discipline scientist, however, the frailty of human nature seems never disappears. A sound supervising system should be built to prevent those unscrupulous people from using this free condition as an despicable approach to collect illegitimate property.

In conclusion, the restriction placed by government should be appropriate to the research and development. To constitute regulations for the development and research, the independence, free enviornment, reasonable resource allocation and the apt supervision must be taken into consideration.

nkjancyUID: 2549844

这标题。。。:L

真的很佩服LZ的韧劲，LZ加油！

sunflower_irisUID: 2720580

The speaker claims that the restriction on scientific placed by government should be few, in another word, the less restriction the better. I fundamentally agree with the statement insofar that the restrictions on scientific research and development should be not so strict, however, the speaker unnecessarily extend the restriction into "few". I dissent this respect in the statement
I agree with the speaker with the opinion of lenient restriction and represent the reasons in three respects: First, government or administration plays a role as merely a office, function or authority of one who governs of a governing the nation rather than experts who devote into the professional realm, In any terrain, a layman who occupy the position of leading a group of specialists always receives denouncement from the public. Based on this understanding, independent decision-making authority should be indispensable for the scientific research and development, redundant or incorrect restriction placed on the scientific research and development will definitely cause the undesired obstacle for the progress of science even the setback of the development. A case to this point is that at the age of Soviet, the scientific research and development is controlled by the nation, the demands and the targets are already arranged with strict restriction for scientists, the result to this situation seems obvious that there were few significant advances occurred during that period. （外行领导内行，观点不错，例子也不错，有一个问题，你从外行不行的角度来说不够有利，其实在开头指出真正促进研究的是做研究的专家学者而不是对研究进行限制的人，所以过多的限制会阻碍研究的真正发展，比如一些情况如外行领导内行。这样是不是更明确？）Secondly, a relatively free environment is considered to be an appropriate condition for scientists to exert their creative minds and independent thinking. Undue restriction may bring unnecessary factors to scientists which will distract their attention from the research. Consider, a calligrapher whose hands cannot move dexterously won't exhibit the satisfying works. （这两点都基于我前面说过的一点，即真正促进研究发展的是专家，所以要给他们发展的空间，是不是？）
Thirdly, some researches look useless or even controversial at the beginning of the procedure, government should assess the result of these researches and then decide whether to confine or support such projects rather than place restriction on them directly without thinking over the long-term interests. A（an） example for the opinion is the train, its slow speed and awkward appearance brought him fleer and disdain when it was invented, however an officer and a banker with great insight resolutely invested the development of train which arised the revolution of traffic in the future.（这一点其实有异议，有远见的决策者其实不是只是专家，而且例子也是建立在假设的基础上，因此没有太多的说服力，是不是可以换种说法，就是研究者比领导者具有更多的知识，在某些技术发展上更有远见，因为领导者关注的当下经济政治发展要多于学术发展，所以无法理解学术发展的重要性？）
However, Absolute free has never exited in society. Scientific research and development without restriction is not only a waste of resource, but also taking a risk to human nature. Primarily, the resource in the society never turn out to be infinite, government, the control and administration of public policy, should evaluates the present projects and aptly restricts some worthless research both in fund and policy and support those promising ones in order to counterbalance the allocation of the resources. Secondly, as we know that although working under a liberal environment may be ideal for a self-discipline scientist, however, the frailty of human nature seems never disappears. A sound supervising system should be built to prevent those unscrupulous people from using this free condition as an（a） despicable approach to collect illegitimate property.(这一段的问题是例证不足，在第一点里，政府如何去判定研究是否worthless呢？这个是有争议的对不对？或者可以举个例子说怎样的研究是在浪费资源的。还有应该看到政府严格限制的是什么，第一，触犯法律、危害安全的研究要摈除，第二，有道德争议的研究要限制，这两点在医学、生物学研究上表现得最为突出，也为普遍接受。比如医疗的活体实验等等。当然你说的整体规划社会资源，避免个人谋私利也是很好的观点，最好能再具体地说明，尽量避免一些模糊的概念)
In conclusion, the restriction placed by government should be appropriate to the research and development. To constitute regulations for the development and research, the independence, free enviornment, reasonable resource allocation and the apt supervision must be taken into consideration.